Enough Sulfur and Iron for Potential Life Make Enceladus’s Ocean Fully Habitable by Weiming Xu, Can Liu, Ao Zhang, Maggie Lau, H. James Cleaves, Fang Huang, Christopher R. Glein, Jihua Hao

“…However, the availability of minor but bio-essential nutrients such as iron and sulfur remains unknown. Here, we perform geochemical modeling to explore their chemistry in Enceladus’s ocean. …”
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Characterization and effective expansion of CD4−CD8− TCRαβ+ T cells from individuals living with type 1 diabetes by J. Ernesto Fajardo-Despaigne, Félix Lombard-Vadnais, Adam-Nicolas Pelletier, Aïnhoa Olazabal, Lucie Boutin, Sarah Pasquin, Valérie Janelle, Laurent Legault, Jean-Sébastien Delisle, Erin E. Hillhouse, Lise Coderre, Sylvie Lesage

“…In mice, autologous transfer of DN T cells has shown protective effects against autoimmune diabetes and graft-versus-host disease. Here, we characterized human DN T cells from people living with type 1 diabetes (PWT1D) and healthy controls. …”
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Pathogen community composition and co-infection patterns in a wild community of rodents by Abbate, Jessica L., Galan, Maxime, Razzauti, Maria, Sironen, Tarja, Voutilainen, Liina, Henttonen, Heikki, Gasqui, Patrick, Cosson, Jean-François, Charbonnel, Nathalie

“…It is therefore important to know what pathogens naturally circulate in rodent populations, and to understand the factors that may influence their distribution in the wild. Here, we describe the occurrence and distribution patterns of a range of endemic and zoonotic pathogens circulating among rodent communities in northern France. …”
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NSUN2 lactylation drives cancer cell resistance to ferroptosis through enhancing GCLC-dependent glutathione synthesis by Kaifeng Niu, Zixiang Chen, Mengge Li, Guannan Ma, Yuchun Deng, Ji Zhang, Di Wei, Jiaqi Wang, Yongliang Zhao

“…However, how NSUN2 activity is response to acidic condition in tumor microenvironment and then regulates cancer cell survival remain to be clarified. Here, we demonstrate that NSUN2 activity is enhanced by lactate-mediated lactylation at lysine 508, which then targets glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) mRNA to facilitates GCLC m5C formation and mRNA stabilization. …”
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Determination of Puberulic Acid in Monascus-Fermented Red Yeast Rice by LC-MS/MS Combined with Precolumn Derivatization by Hui-Qin Pan, Rui Feng, Yan-Nan Tan, Xiao-Ya Qin, Yi-Min Cao, Xiu-Hong Mao, Qing Hu, Heng Zhou

“…However, the detection of PA, especially at low concentration levels, poses a considerable challenge, with no detection methods reported thus far. Here, we present a simple and sensitive derivatization-based LC-MS/MS method, requiring no purification processes, for determination of PA in the red yeast rice. …”
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Nitric oxide modulates contrast suppression in a subset of mouse retinal ganglion cells by Dominic Gonschorek, Matías A Goldin, Jonathan Oesterle, Tom Schwerd-Kleine, Ryan Arlinghaus, Zhijian Zhao, Timm Schubert, Olivier Marre, Thomas Euler

“…Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to be a prominent neuromodulator in many circuits and has been extensively studied in the retina. Here, it has been associated with the regulation of light adaptation, gain control, and gap junctional coupling, but its effect on the retinal output, specifically on the different types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), is still poorly understood. …”
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A single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals astrocyte heterogeneity and identifies CHI3L1 as a diagnostic biomarker in Parkinson's disease by Zhongying Gong, Dan Guo, Yufeng Lin, Zhiwei Liu, Mengdi Lv, Xinxin Liu, Yang Yao, Sijia Wang, Yuan Wang, Zhiyun Wang

“…It has been reported that astrocytes play a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of PD. Here, we aimed to identify the heterogeneity of astrocytes and investigate genes associated with astrocyte differentiation trajectories in PD. …”
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Antileishmanial Effect of 5,3′-Hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanone of Picramnia gracilis Tul. (Picramniaceae) Fruit: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies by Sara M. Robledo, Wilson Cardona, Karen Ligardo, Jéssica Henao, Natalia Arbeláez, Andrés Montoya, Fernando Alzate, Juan M. Pérez, Victor Arango, Iván D. Vélez, Jairo Sáez

“…Finally, the in vitro and in vivo leishmanicidal activity reported here for 5,3′-hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanone offers a greater prospect towards antileishmanial drug discovery and development.…”
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Assessing the potential of germplasm collections for the management of genetic diversity: the case of the French National Cryobank by Jacques, Alicia, Duclos, Delphine, Danchin-Burge, Coralie, Mercat, Marie-José, Tixier-Boichard, Michèle, Restoux, Gwendal

“…As an initial step toward this goal, we describe here a methodology for the characterization of the genetic diversity of cryopreserved collections. …”
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Enantiospecific mirror-imaged growth in overlayers of enantiopure thiadiazole-[9]helicene on Au(111) without commensurability by Fumi Nishino, Keisuke Fukutani, Jonas Brandhoff, Marco Gruenewald, Elise Fuerch, Maximilian Schaal, Felix Otto, Daniel Stelter, Roman Forker, Zheng Zhang, Takashi Hirose, Torsten Fritz, Satoshi Kera

“…While various commensurate molecular overlayers have shown such growth, the possibility of achieving substrate-defined enantiospecific structures in non-commensurate chiral molecular overlayers remains elusive. Here, enantiopure thiadiazole-[9]helicene on Au(111) is shown to form overlayers without commensurability, exhibiting substrate-defined mirror-imaged growth. …”
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Acetylation of proximal cysteine-lysine pairs by alcohol metabolism by Courtney D. McGinnis, Peter S. Harris, Brenton I.M. Graham, John O. Marentette, Cole R. Michel, Laura M. Saba, Richard Reisdorph, James R. Roede, Kristofer S. Fritz

“…Recent evidence suggests lysine acetylation occurs when a proximal cysteine residue is within ∼15 Å of a lysine residue, referred to as a cysteine-lysine (Cys-Lys) pair. Here, acetylation can occur through the transfer of an acetyl moiety via an S → N transfer reaction. …”
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Survey on the presence of floating microplastics, trace metals and metalloids in seawater from Southern Italy to the United States of America by Elisabetta Morici, Gaetano Cammilleri, Sergio Scirè, Francesco Paolo Bonomo, Luigi Tranchina, Francesca Terracina, Paola Galluzzo, Vincenzo Ferrantelli, Vincenzo Paolo Monteverde, Francesco Giuseppe Galluzzo, Sergio Davì, Mariano Licciardi, Salvatore Dara

“…No significant correlations were found between microplastics, and the heavy metals examined. Here, we emphasize the need for sustainable environmental management actions and policies in a global context to monitoring the growing problem of pollutants in our oceans.…”
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Silencing hepatic PCSK9 via novel chimeric AAV8 mitigates the progression of atherosclerosis by inhibiting inflammation in ApoE−/− mice by Xiaocui Chen, Minghui Sun, Xiang Ma, Yitong Ma, Bangdang Chen

“…Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), predominantly expressed in the liver, plays a crucial role in lipid regulation and atherosclerosis progression. Here, we developed a novel chimeric AAV8.P-PCSK9 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) vector that incorporates a cross-species specific shRNA targeting PCSK9 to assess its effects on lipid levels and atherosclerosis in mice. …”
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Osilodrostat treatment in patients with Cushing’s disease of Asian or non-Asian origin: a pooled analysis of two Phase III randomized trials (LINC 3 and LINC 4) by Akira Shimatsu, Beverly MK Biller, Maria Fleseriu, Rosario Pivonello, Eun Jig Lee, Rattana Leelawattana, Jung Hee Kim, Rama Walia, Yerong Yu, Zhihong Liao, Andrea Piacentini, Alberto M Pedroncelli, Peter J Snyder

“…Osilodrostat, a potent oral 11β-hydroxylase inhibitor, provided rapid, sustained mean urinary free cortisol (mUFC) normalization in Cushing’s disease patients in two Phase III studies (LINC 3, NCT02180217; LINC 4, NCT02697734). Here, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of osilodrostat in Cushing’s disease in patients of Asian origin compared with patients of non-Asian origin. …”
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5-HT7R enhances neuroimmune resilience and alleviates meningitis by promoting CCR5 ubiquitination by Zhenfang Gao, Yang Gao, Yuxiang Li, Jie Zhou, Ge Li, Shun Xie, Ruiyan Jia, Lanying Wang, Ziying Jiang, Meng Liang, Chunxiao Du, Yaqiong Chen, Yinji Liu, Lin Du, Cong Wang, Shuaijie Dou, Zhonglin Lv, Lubin Wang, Renxi Wang, Beifen Shen, Zhiding Wang, Yunfeng Li, Gencheng Han

“…Compared to external strategies to reconstruct immune homeostasis, host balancing ways remain largely unclear. Objectives: Here we found a neuroimmune way that prevents infection-induced tissue damage. …”
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Bi-specific autoantigen-T cell engagers as targeted immunotherapy for autoreactive B cell depletion in autoimmune diseases by Luca Perico, Federica Casiraghi, Fabiane Sônego, Marta Todeschini, Daniela Corna, Domenico Cerullo, Anna Pezzotta, Patricia Isnard-Petit, Silvia Faravelli, Federico Forneris, Kader Thiam, Ariela Benigni, Giuseppe Remuzzi

“…For this reason, identification of targeted therapies for autoimmune diseases is an unmet clinical need.MethodsHere, we designed a novel class of immunotherapeutic molecules, Bi-specific AutoAntigen-T cell Engagers (BiAATEs), as a potential approach for targeting the small subset of autoreactive B cells. …”
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Evaluation of deceased-donor kidney offers: development and validation of novel data driven and expert based prediction models for early transplant outcomes by Christoph F. Mahler, Felix Friedl, Christian Nusshag, Claudius Speer, Louise Benning, Daniel Göth, Matthias Schaier, Claudia Sommerer, Markus Mieth, Arianeb Mehrabi, Christoph Michalski, Lutz Renders, Quirin Bachmann, Uwe Heemann, Markus Krautter, Vedat Schwenger, Fabian Echterdiek, Fabian Echterdiek, Martin Zeier, Christian Morath, Florian Kälble

“…Often, previous scores for donor characterisation have not been validated for the Eurotransplant population and are not established to support graft acceptance decisions. Here, we investigated 1353 kidney transplantations at three different German centres to develop and validate novel statistical models for the prediction of early adverse graft outcome (EAO), defined as graft loss or CKD ≥4 within three months. …”
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Loading of CAR‐T cells with magnetic nanoparticles for controlled targeting suppresses inflammatory cytokine release and switches tumor cell death mechanism by Felix Pfister, Lucas R. Carnell, Lisa Löffler, Philipp Boosz, Niels Schaft, Jan Dörrie, René Stein, Malte Lenz, Erdmann Spiecker, Christian M. Huber, Sami Haddadin, Carola Berking, Christoph Alexiou, Christina Janko

“…Therefore, the enrichment of tumor‐antigen specific CAR‐T cells in the desired region is critical for improving therapy efficacy and reducing systemic on‐target/off‐tumor side effects. Here, we functionalized human CAR‐T cells with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), making them magnetically controllable for site‐directed targeting. …”
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Immunoregulatory Effects of Subcutaneous Immunotherapy on Lymphocyte Subgroups and Cytokines in Children with Asthma by Yu-ting He, Ying Zhou, Qi Shao, Cong Gan, Meng Chen, Yu-ling Bao, Hai-yan Gu, Shu-lan Zhang, Yubao Cui, Man Tian

“…The immunologic effects of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) exerts on allergic asthma remain still largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of SCIT on cytokine production and peripheral blood levels of lymphocyte subtypes in children with mite-induced moderate and severe allergic asthma. …”
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Immunogenetics of longevity and its association with human endogenous retrovirus K by Lisa M. James, Lisa M. James, Lisa M. James, Apostolos P. Georgopoulos, Apostolos P. Georgopoulos, Apostolos P. Georgopoulos, Apostolos P. Georgopoulos

“…HLA is highly polymorphic, resulting in subtle differences in the binding groove that influence foreign antigen binding and elimination. Here we tested the hypothesis that certain HLA alleles may promote longevity by enhanced ability to counter virus antigens that may otherwise contribute to morbidity and mortality.MethodsWe utilized high-resolution genotyping to characterize HLA and apolipoprotein E in a large sample (N = 986) of participants (469 men, 517 women) ranging in age from 24 to 90+ years old (mean age: 58.10 years) and identified 244 HLA alleles that occurred in the sample. …”
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