Influence of Preoperative Pain Duration on Microsurgical Varicocelectomy Outcomes by Mustafa Gökhan Köse, Kadir Önem, Mehmet Çetinkaya, Erkan Karadağ, Emre Arpali

“…The patients having had grade-3 varicocele for less than 1 year were included in Group-1 (Ge, n=25). Twenty-five patients who had painful grade-3 varicocele for more than 1 year (Gs, n=25) were classified in Group-2. …”
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The Influence of Aging on the Regenerative Potential of Human Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Monika Marędziak, Krzysztof Marycz, Krzysztof A. Tomaszewski, Katarzyna Kornicka, Brandon Michael Henry

“…The aim of this study was to assess the age-related maintenance of physiological function and differentiation potential of hASCs in vitro. hASCs were isolated from patients of four different age groups: (1) >20 years (n=7), (2) >50 years (n=7), (3) >60 years (n=7), and (4) >70 years (n=7). …”
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Control of White Spot Lesion Adjacent to Orthodontic Bracket with Use of Fluoride Varnish or Chlorhexidine Gel by Manuel Restrepo, Diego G. Bussaneli, Fabiano Jeremias, Rita C. L. Cordeiro, Ana C. Magalhães, Denise M. Palomari Spolidorio, Lourdes Santos-Pinto

“…Thirty premolars with artificially induced WSLs were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) two applications of 5% NaF-varnish (F), with one-week interval, (2) two applications of 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX), with one-week interval, and (3) control (CO), no treatment. …”
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Low IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α and High IL-13 Cytokine Levels Are Associated with Severe Hepatic Fibrosis in Schistosoma mansoni Chronically Exposed Individuals by Mable M. Mutengo, Takafira Mduluza, Paul Kelly, James C. L. Mwansa, Geoffrey Kwenda, Patrick Musonda, James Chipeta

“…Based on hepatic fibrosis stage as determined by ultrasound, participants were categorized into Group 0, Group I, Group II, and Group III. Cytokines were measured in S. mansoni egg stimulated whole blood culture supernatants using the BD Cytometric Bead Array kits. …”
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Alteration of Loperamide-Induced Prostate Relaxation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats by Sheng-Lung Hsu, Hsien-Hui Chung, I-Hung Chen, Yat-Ching Tong

“…Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups: (1) control rats fed with normal chow and (2) rats fed with HFD for 6 months. …”
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Sildenafil alters biogenic amines and increases oxidative damage in brain regions of insulin-hypoglycemic rats by Guzmán David Calderón, Brizuela Norma Osnaya, Herrera Maribel Ortíz, Peraza Armando Valenzuela, Mejía Gerardo Barragán, Olguín Hugo Juárez, Jiménez Francisca Trujillo

“…The animals were treated intraperitoneally as follows: group 1 (control), saline solution; group 2, insulin (10 U per rat or 50 U kg−1); group 3, insulin + single dose of sildenafil (50 U kg−1 + 50 mg kg–1); group 4, insulin + three doses of sildenafil every 24 hours (50 U kg−1 + 50 mg kg−1). …”
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Effect of Active and Passive Smoking on Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex by Amany Abd El-Fattah El-Shazly, Yousra Ahmed Thabet Farweez, Lamia Salah Elewa, Yasser Abdelmageuid Elzankalony, Botheina Ahmed Thabet Farweez

“…Inferior and superior quadrants of RNFL were thinner in group I, but nasal and temporal quadrants did not show significant difference between the groups. …”
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Cognitive Impairment in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients with Very Mild Clinical Disability by S. Migliore, A. Ghazaryan, I. Simonelli, P. Pasqualetti, F. Squitieri, G. Curcio, D. Landi, M. G. Palmieri, F. Moffa, M. M. Filippi, F. Vernieri

“…After subgrouping RRMS by EDSS, group 1 (EDSS ≤ 1.5) showed involvement of verbal memory and executive functions; moreover, group 2 (2 ≤ EDSS ≤ 2.5) patients were also impaired in information processing speed and visual memory. …”
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Hydroxytyrosol Protects against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through a PI3K/Akt-Dependent Mechanism by Ying-hao Pei, Jiao Chen, Liang Xie, Xiao-min Cai, Run-Hua Yang, Xing Wang, Jian-bin Gong

“…The rats were randomized into five groups: sham group, I/R group, HT+I/R group, HT+LY294002+I/R group, and LY+I/R group. …”
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Cerebral Hemodynamics and Cognitive Function in Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy by Yuqing Zhou, Qian Dong, Rong Zhang, Shunfeng Zhou, Linqiang Li, Keran Cheng, Rui Kong, Qiang Yu, Shizan Xu, Jingjing Li, Sainan Li, Jiao Feng, Liwei Wu, Tong Liu, Xiya Lu, Kan Chen, Yujing Xia, Jie Lu, Yingqun Zhou, Chuanyong Guo

“…There were four groups: healthy controls (group 1), cirrhosis without HE (group 2), cirrhosis with MHE (group 3), and cirrhosis with OHE (group 4). …”
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Impact of R&D&I on the Performance of Spanish Construction Companies by Salvador López, Víctor Yepes

“…In addition, these 18 factors can be classified into 7 groups: (i) internal drivers of innovation; (ii) innovation within the organization; (iii) technological innovation; (iv) technological links with the environment; (v) external drivers of innovation; (vi) innovation in processes; (vii) a culture of innovation in the company. …”
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The Relationship Between Self-Control and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescent Psychiatric Outpatients: Exploring the Role of Self-Control by Zhenhua Chen, Jie Xu, Ronghua Zhang, Yuxuan Wang, Ziwei Shang

“…The NSSI group had significantly lower self-control scores compared to the non-NSSI group (F = 27.458, <i>p</i> < 0.01). In the NSSI group (<i>n</i> = 156), self-control was negatively associated with NSSI frequency and fully mediated by NSSI function. …”
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The Effect of Age on the Regenerative Potential of Human Eyelid Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by Mingqi Zhang, Zhuoshi Wang, Yan Zhao, Lirong Zhang, Ling Xu, Liu Cao, Wei He

“…The HEASCs were isolated from patients of three groups: (1) <20 years (n=4), (2) >20 years, <45 years (n=5), and (3) >55 years (n=4). …”
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Dexmedetomidine to Help Nerve Regeneration in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Injury Model by Wook Jeong, Hsichiang Kung, Chia Chi Cheng, Changwoo Lim, Min Jung Jung, Jaeho Lee, Doo Sik Kim, Yusom Shin

“…Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups: group 1 (control SHAM), group 2 (sciatic nerve injury + normal saline), and group 3 (sciatic nerve injury + DXM). …”
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Effects of Spirulina on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Ovarian Toxicity in Rats: Biochemical and Histomorphometric Evaluation of the Ovary by Nese Arzu Yener, Orhun Sinanoglu, Erdin Ilter, Aygen Celik, Gulbuz Sezgin, Ahmet Midi, Ugur Deveci, Fehime Aksungar

“…Eighteen rats were given: group I (n=6, control); group II (n=6, CP), a single dose Cyc; group III (n=6, Sp+Cyc), 7 days Sp+single dose Cyc. …”
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Incorporation of opacifier to Type III alpha gypsum and its effect on scannability and linear setting expansion – An in vitro study by Sai Akhil Khadkekar, Mahendranadh Reddy Kareti, Mahadev Shastry Yelishetty, S. Venkata Aditya, Srilekha Daripalli

“…Materials and Methods: The base powder of Type III alpha gypsum was divided into three groups: Group I (100 g of base powder), Group II (90 g of base powder with 10 g of TiO2), and Group III (80 g of base powder with 20 g of TiO2). …”
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Evaluating the Correlation between Overjet and Skeletal Parameters Using DVT by Luca Lombardo, Chiara Sgarbanti, Antonio Guarneri, Giuseppe Siciliani

“…A sample of 42 subjects, all in complete permanent dentition and without a history of orthodontic treatment or systemic pathologies, was subdivided into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 25 subjects with ANB angle 0°–4° (skeletal class I), and group 2 was made up of 17 subjects with ANB angle >4° (skeletal class II). …”
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Different orthology inference algorithms generate similar predicted orthogroups among Brassicaceae species by Irene T. Liao, Karen E. Sears, Lena C. Hileman, Lachezar A. Nikolov

“…Methods We explored the performance of four orthology inference algorithms—OrthoFinder, SonicParanoid, Broccoli, and OrthNet—on eight Brassicaceae genomes in two groups: one group comprising only diploids and another set comprising the diploids, two mesopolyploids, and one recent hexaploid genome. …”
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Nanocomposite treatment of hospital wastewater; Prophylaxis toxicity in the freshwater crayfish muscles and hepatopancreas by Hend A. Sabry, Sally M. Salaah, Marwa M. El-Naggar, Elham H.A. Ali, Magdy T. Khalil, Amal A.E. Ibrahim, Amr B. Mostafa

“…Three groups of crayfish were subjected to study, each containing 20 individuals. Group I served as the control with tap water; Group II was exposed to HWW, and Group III received nano-HWW for 28 consecutive days. …”
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Klasifikasi dan Autentifikasi Tanaman Seurapoh (Chromolaena odorata Linn) Menggunakan Metode Kombinasi Spektroskopi Inframerah dan Kemometrik by Taufiq Karma Karma, Pasyamei Rembune Kala, Shofi Shofi, Zafirah Zafirah

“…Based on the PCA score plot, samples generally form three distinct groups: Group 1 consists of samples from the highland region of Gayo, specifically Central Aceh (TA) and Bener Meriah (BM); Group 2 consists of samples from the coastal areas of Aceh, namely Southwest Aceh (ABD), South Aceh (AS), Aceh Jaya (AJ), and Bireun (Br); and Group 3 comprises samples from geothermal manifestation areas of Seulawah Agam and Jaboi. …”
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