Evaluating the Connectivity and Imbalance Contribution of New Sections towards Highway Network: A Complex Network Perspective by Zhiyong Wen, Xiaoxiong Weng, Pengfei Zhang

“…Furthermore, the connectivity evaluation based on the eigenvalue and the imbalance evaluation based on the entropy and Gini coefficient are conducted. Through the case study, the results of the model demonstrate the connectivity and imbalance contribution of new sections and provide a novel perspective for the feasibility study.…”
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Digital financial inclusion's impact on farmers' income and spatial spillover effects: Evidence from inner Mongolia, China by Hua Li, Xue Wei, Wenhui Chen

“…This study analyzes data from 12 prefecture-level cities in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2022 to investigate how digital financial inclusion(DFI) affects the increase in farmers' incomes and its spatial spillover effects. The Dagum Gini coefficient indicates that disparities in DFI development are primarily due to inter-regional differences. …”
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A Security Data Forwarding Mechanism for Sparse Social Sensor Networks by Xin Guan

“…To avoid this, we introduce the Gini coefficient to measure the inequality of the social distribution. …”
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Distributional impact assessment of policy changes to old-age pensions, social benefits and taxes in Lithuania (2021–2024) by Jekaterina Navickė, Vitalija Gabnytė-Baranauskė

“…We examine the impact of recent policy changes to old-age pensions, social benefits and direct taxes following the Covid-19 pandemic, focusing on key distributional indicators, such as the at-risk-of-poverty rate (AROP), income inequality (measured by the inter-quintile ratio (S80/S20) and the Gini coefficient), and a nationally applied measure of absolute poverty. …”
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The evolution and driving mechanism of education inequality in China: From 2003 to 2020. by Yuanzhi Guo, Xuhong Li

“…In this process, regional differences in education inequality in China have gradually narrowed, which can be confirmed by changes in the Gini coefficient and Theil index. In terms of direct spillover effects, the per capita fiscal expenditure on education and urbanization rate have positive effects. …”
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Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity and Driving Force Analysis of Innovation Output in the Yangtze River Economic Zone: The Perspective of Innovation Ecosystem by Ke Liu, Yurong Qiao, Qian Zhou

“…This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of innovation output of 110 cities of YREZ from 2008 to 2018 by using Gini coefficient, coefficient of variation (CV), geographical weighted regression, and other methods. …”
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Multi-objective optimization of water resources allocation in rift valley lakes basin (Ethiopia): tradeoffs between efficiency and equity by Mulugeta Mohammed, Belete Birhanu, Fentaw Abegaz

“…The optimization model aims to achieve maximum economic benefit efficiency and minimize the Gini coefficient to ensure equitable water distribution. …”
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Approaches to Prognosing the European Economic Crisis Through a New Economic–Financial Risk Sensitivity Model by Monica Laura Zlati, Costinela Fortea, Alina Meca, Valentin Marian Antohi

“…The model integrates key macroeconomic indicators such as government deficit (NETGDP), GINI coefficient, social protection expenditure (ExSocP), unemployment rate (UNE), research and development spending (RDGDP), and tax structures (TXSwoSC), assessing their role in predicting economic vulnerability across European countries. …”
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Spatiotemporal dynamics and driving factors of energy-related carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Delta region based on nighttime light data by Huazhu Xue, Qianqian Ma, Xiaosan Ge

“…The spatial pattern of CE demonstrated a step-like decline from east to west. However, the Gini coefficient indicated that the differences in CE between cities gradually decreased since the CE had a strong spatial positive correlation in the YRD. …”
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Educational sustainability: A multi-scale elementary school resource distribution variability from China by Jiali Cai, Wenhua Wei

“…The study reveals that the internal variability of primary education resources in the eastern, central, and western regions of China has significantly decreased, with the Gini coefficient in the western region dropping from 0.40 in 2006 to 0.12 in 2020. …”
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The Comparative Study of Urban Sprawl in Cities of North Khorasan Province (Case Study: Esfarayen and Bojnord) by Moslem Nori, Rostam Saberifar, Esmaeil Aliakbari

“…The Shannon entropy model also shows the sparse growth of physical expansion in the two cities of Esfarain and Bojnourd. The Gini coefficient calculated for Esfarain city is 0.096 and for Bojnourd city is 0.054 which indicates that population growth (Espalier) of Esfarain city is 0.015% more than Bojnourd city. …”
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Spatial disparities and dynamics in the high quality agricultural development in Heilongjiang Province of China by Jingting Yu, Guanghao Wu

“…Using the Entropy Weighted-TOPSIS model, Dagum’s Gini Coefficient, and the Markov chain, the study quantifies the HQAD in Heilongjiang from 2013 to 2022, examining regional disparities and development dynamics. …”
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Decade-Long Changes in Disparity and Distribution of Transit Opportunity in Shenzhen China: A Transportation Equity Perspective by Qingfeng Zhou, Donghui Dai, Yaowu Wang, Jianshuang Fan

“…Third, we used the Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition and kernel density estimation method to explore the fair distribution of transit opportunity among groups and districts from 2011 to 2020. …”
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Prediction of High-Tech Talents Flow Impact on Labor Income Share: Based on DEA and Fractional Hausdorff Grey Model by Wei Cui, Anwei Wan, Yongbo Yang

“…Finally, this paper predicts the change in labor income share from 2018 to 2027 by the fractional Hausdorff grey model, and the results show that it is an increasing trend. However, the Gini coefficient whose change trend is opposite to the labor income share remains high in the past two years, indicating that there are other factors affecting the income gap, such as the urbanization rate and the transportation convenience. …”
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EXPORT SPECIALIZATION OF SOUTH EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES IN THEIR TRADE WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION by Muamer Halilbašić, Snježana Brkić

“…Following empirical trade literature, the research employs several different indicators: indicator of export composition and revealed comparative advantage (Balassa RCA index), indicator of dynamics of trade specialization (Michaely index, the Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient), indicator of export diversification (Herfindahl-Hirschman index of sectoral export concentration), and export quality indicator (export product classification by technology level). …”
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EXPORT SPECIALIZATION OF SOUTH EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES IN THEIR TRADE WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION by Muamer Halilbašić, Snježana Brkić

“…Following empirical trade literature, the research employs several different indicators: indicator of export composition and revealed comparative advantage (Balassa RCA index), indicator of dynamics of trade specialization (Michaely index, the Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient), indicator of export diversification (Herfindahl-Hirschman index of sectoral export concentration), and export quality indicator (export product classification by technology level). …”
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New Approaches to Developing the Integral Indicator Methodology for Estimating the Financial Efficiency of Agricultural Entities in Poland, the Republic of Moldova, and EU Countrie... by Mariusz Trojak, Barbara Kiełbasa, Daniela Popa, Aliona Sargo

“…Original studies in Moldova and Poland regarding farm concentration in terms of Gini Coefficient, Gini Index and Concentration Index of the utilized agricultural area. …”
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Static and dynamic assessments of park accessibility and equity across different living circles in shenzhen’s core area by Zhongshan Huang, Qiyue Jia, Shixian Luo, Zhigang Tu, Lei Zhao, Siyuan Li, Zhengyan Lu

“…Within the 5 min living circle, the Gini coefficient for the static population is 0.952 but reaches as high as 0.971 for the dynamic population, indicating extreme inequity in park distribution within short walking distances. …”
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The Chinese State, Incomplete Proletarianization and Structures of Inequality in Two Epochs by Wu Jieh-min, Mark Selden

“…This can be clearly observed in the changing Gini coefficient and other measures of class and spatial divergence.4 But exploration of the nature of citizenship provides an important vehicle for examining broader ramifications of structures of inequality. …”
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Global, regional, and national trends in drug use disorder mortality rates across 73 countries from 1990 to 2021, with projections up to 2040: a global time-series analysis and mod... by Soeun Kim, Hayeon Lee, Selin Woo, Hyeri Lee, Jaeyu Park, Tae Kim, Guillaume Fond, Laurent Boyer, Masoud Rahmati, Lee Smith, Guillermo F. López Sánchez, Elena Dragioti, Christa J. Nehs, Jinseok Lee, Hyeon Jin Kim, Jiseung Kang, Dong Keon Yon

“…Our analysis also identified associations between DUD mortality rates and several log-transformed parameters, including Human Development Index (β, 14.92; p < 0.0001), Socio-demographic Index (β, 11.80; p < 0.0001), reverse Gender Gap Index (β, −12.02; p < 0.0001), and Gini coefficient (β, −1.84; p < 0.0001). From 1990 to 2021, the increase in the number of DUD deaths globally can be attributed to two prominent factors: epidemiological change and population growth. …”
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