Primary Hyperparathyroidism: An Overview by Jessica MacKenzie-Feder, Sandra Sirrs, Donald Anderson, Jibran Sharif, Aneal Khan

“…In this paper we will review the basic physiology of calcium homeostasis and then consider genetic associations as well as common etiologies and presentations of primary hyperparathyroidism. …”
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Tumour necrosis factor-α polymorphism as one of the complex inherited factors in pemphigus by Jolanta Dorota Torzecka, Joanna Narbutt, Anna Sysa-jedrzejowska, Maciej Borowiec, Anetta Ptasinska, Grzegorz Woszczek, Marek L. Kowalski

“…The aim of our study was to analyse a significance of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α promoter gene polymorphisms in relation to the HLA-DR locus in genetic predisposition to pemphigus. TNF-α gene polymorphisms in position -238 and -308 were identified using a modified polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method in 53 patients with pemphigus (38 with pemphigus vulgaris, 15 with pemphigus foliaceus) and 87 healthy controls. …”
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Embryologic Association of Tornwaldt's Cyst with Cerebral Artery Abnormalities and Infarction: A Case Report by Michael F. Osborn, Benjamin K. Buchanan, Nassim Akle, Ahmed Badr, Jun Zhang

“…We reported a twelve-year-old female stroke patient with Tornwaldt's cysts, whose father also suffered a stroke at age fifty two with the presence of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, suggesting a genetic influence in this case. Conclusions. This paper suggests an etiologic connection between Tornwaldt's cysts and cerebral vasculature abnormalities by way of notochordal dysfunction during development, likely the result of perturbation of notochord-derived molecular cues during development or biogenesis.…”
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Could Ossification of the Achilles Tendon Have a Hereditary Component? by Chawki Cortbaoui, Jihad Matta, Rayan Elkattah

“…To our knowledge, no previous reports suggest any genetic/hereditary predisposition in OAT. We report 3 siblings who have OAT with no history of any of the aforementioned predisposing factors. …”
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Modelling physical processes in higher plants using leaf replicas for space applications by Kuzma, Joanna, Poulet, Lucie, Fontaine, Jean-Pierre, Dussap, Claude-Gilles

“…This enables the study of physical phenomena at the leaf surface, without biochemical or biological interactions nor genetic variability. To assess the influence of gravity, it is a necessary step to develop precise mechanistic models of plant behaviour in space. …”
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Lactose Intolerance: What Consumers Need to Know by Matt Krug, Amarat Simonne

“…Lactose intolerance is often related to our age and genetic origin and the majority of the world’s population with Asian or African origins is lactose intolerant.Managing lactose intolerance and malabsorption depends on the intensity and severity of symptoms. …”
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RUSSIAN RURAL SOCIOLOGY: ITS SOCIAL SPACE, SUBJECT SPECIFICITY AND GENESIS by V. Novikov

“…The social space of rural sociology is dichotomous urban, the opposite and at the same time ontologically similar to it by virtue of genetic relations, the social sphere of the village.…”
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Adult-onset Still's disease: A great masquerader triggered by hepatitis A infection by Jhasaketan Meher, Keshao B Nagpure, Md Sabah Siddiqui, A M Vishnu Dev

“…Various infectious triggers in a genetically susceptible host have been described in literature. …”
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L’innovation et les marchés financiers aux États-Unis depuis les années 1970 : une approche contrastée by Christine Zumello

“…Financial innovation is analysed through the lens of a genetic mutation which turns an existing financial product into a mutant under certain conditions [Merton Miller's 'seed beneath the snow']. …”
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A Comprehensive Review and Update on the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Qingdong Guan

“…In this review, we have systemically reviewed the pathogenesis of IBD and highlighted recent advances in host genetic factors, gut microbiota, and environmental factors and, especially, in abnormal innate and adaptive immune responses and their interactions, which may hold the keys to identify novel predictive or prognostic biomarkers and develop new therapies.…”
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Safe Skin Management during Open Hepatectomy in a Patient with Recessive Dystrophic Congenital Epidermolysis Bullosa by Ikuo Watanobe, Hiroko Kida, Yuuki Sekine, Masaya Kawai, Shozo Miyano, Michio Machida, Toshiaki Kitabatake, Hiroyuki Sugo, Yoshifumi Lee, Kuniaki Kojima

“…Congenital epidermolysis bullosa is a rare, genetic condition in which even slight stimulation can cause blistering of the skin or mucosa. …”
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Autoimmune Chronic Active Hepatitis (Lupoid Hepatitis) and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Two Young Adult Females by Gerald Y. Minuk, Lloyd R. Sutherland, S. Chris Pappas, James K. Kelly, Sue E. Martin

“…Autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) arc chronic diseases of the hepatobiliary system that have many clinical, immunologic and genetic features in common. Despite these similarities, there are few reports of the two diseases coexisting. …”
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ROUTE FIRST-CLUSTER SECOND METHOD FOR PERSONAL SERVICE ROUTING PROBLEM by MELİKE KÜBRA EKİZ, MUHAMMET BOZDEMİR, BURCU ÖZCAN TÜRKKAN

“…In this context, we first assigned the employees to the stations, and then we reached a solution using the route first-cluster second heuristic method. We used the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to improve the route and compared the results by creating different scenarios in clustering methods. …”
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Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita: Multiple Congenital Joint Contractures by Hamza Sucuoglu, Nurettin Irem Ornek, Cagkan Caglar

“…The etiology of disease is multifactorial; it is most commonly suspected from absent fetal movements and genetic defects. AMC affects mainly limbs; also it might present with other organs involvement. …”
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Biodiversity by Center for Natural Resources

“…There are three levels of biodiversity: habitat or ecosystem diversity, genetic diversity, and species diversity. This publication was produced by the Center for Natural Resources at the University of Florida. …”
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Detection of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Stroke/Tia Patients by Muhib Khan, Daniel J. Miller

“…This paper provides an overview of current advances in the detection of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, the clinical and genetic factors predictive of arrhythmia detection, and the therapeutic dilemma concerning this approach.…”
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Musculoskeletal Manifestations of Sickle Cell Anaemia: A Pictorial Review by A. Ganguly, W. Boswell, H. Aniq

“…Sickle cell anaemia is an autosomal recessive genetic condition producing abnormal haemoglobin HbS molecules that result in stiff and sticky red blood cells leading to unpredictable episodes of microvascular occlusions. …”
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Secondary Hemophagocytic Syndrome: The Importance of Clinical Suspicion by Cristina Oliveira, Sérgio Chacim, Isabel Ferreira, Nelson Domingues, José Mário Mariz

“…Hemophagocytic syndrome is a rare and potentially fatal disorder characterized by pathological immune activation associated with a primary familial disorder, genetic mutations, or occurring as a sporadic condition. …”
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Application of Chaos and Neural Network in Power Load Forecasting by Li Li, Liu Chong-xin

“…Improved back propagation (BP) algorithm based on genetic algorithm (GA) is used to train and forecast. …”
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The Mitochondrial Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases: Genes and Syndromes by Daria Diodato, Daniele Ghezzi, Valeria Tiranti

“…Mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) disorders are a group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous diseases. This is because protein components of the RC are encoded by both mitochondrial and nuclear genomes and are essential in all cells. …”
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