Polyphony and politics: Representing and translating culture, race and gender in Puccini’s Turandot by Benang Xuan

“… In the context of a more radical and critical climate of opera performance and audience response, this article investigates the representation and performance of Chinese-related images, characters and themes in various productions of Puccini’s Turandot, mainly those by Franco Zeffirelli, Zhang Yimou, Chen Kaige, Chen Xinyi and Robert Wilson, with particular reference to their English and/or Chinese surtitles. …”
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