Ensemble estimates of global wetland methane emissions over 2000–2020 by Z. Zhang, B. Poulter, J. R. Melton, W. J. Riley, G. H. Allen, D. J. Beerling, P. Bousquet, J. G. Canadell, E. Fluet-Chouinard, P. Ciais, N. Gedney, P. O. Hopcroft, A. Ito, R. B. Jackson, A. K. Jain, K. Jensen, F. Joos, T. Kleinen, S. H. Knox, S. H. Knox, T. Li, X. Li, X. Liu, K. McDonald, G. McNicol, P. A. Miller, J. Müller, P. K. Patra, P. K. Patra, C. Peng, S. Peng, Z. Qin, R. M. Riggs, M. Saunois, Q. Sun, H. Tian, X. Xu, Y. Yao, Y. Xi, W. Zhang, W. Zhang, Q. Zhu, Q. Zhu, Q. Zhuang

“…Our results estimated global average wetland CH<span class="inline-formula">₄</span> emissions at 158 <span class="inline-formula">±</span> 24 (mean <span class="inline-formula">±</span> 1<span class="inline-formula"><i>σ</i></span>) Tg CH<span class="inline-formula">₄</span> yr<span class="inline-formula">⁻¹</span> over a total annual average wetland area of 8.0 <span class="inline-formula">±</span> <span class="inline-formula">2.0×10⁶</span> km<span class="inline-formula">²</span> for the period 2010–2020, with an average increase of 6–7 Tg CH<span class="inline-formula">₄</span> yr<span class="inline-formula">⁻¹</span> in 2010–2019 compared to the average for 2000–2009. …”
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Simulation of the heat mitigation potential of unsealing measures in cities by parameterizing grass grid pavers for urban microclimate modelling with ENVI-met (V5) by N. Eingrüber, A. Domm, W. Korres, K. Schneider

“…On spatial average, a decrease of up to <span class="inline-formula">−11.1</span> K for surface temperature and up to <span class="inline-formula">−2.9</span> K for air temperature was determined. …”
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Elliptic and Quadrangular Flow of Protons in the High-Baryon-Density Region by Shaowei Lan, Zuowen Liu, Like Liu, Shusu Shi

“…In addition to comparing the transverse momentum (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>), rapidity, and centrality dependence of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>/</mo><msubsup><mi>v</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> between HADES data and model calculations, we also explore its time evolution and energy dependence across <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> 2.4 to 4.5 GeV. While the ratio <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>/</mo><msubsup><mi>v</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for high-<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> particles approaches 0.5, which aligns with expectations from hydrodynamic behavior, we emphasize that this result primarily reflects agreement with the HADES measurements rather than a definitive indication of ideal fluid behavior. …”
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Accurate space-based NO_<i>x</i> emission estimates with the flux divergence approach require fine-scale model information on local oxidation chemistry and profile shapes by F. Cifuentes, F. Cifuentes, H. Eskes, E. Dammers, E. Dammers, C. Bryan, F. Boersma, F. Boersma

“…Here we test the capability of the FDA to reproduce known <span class="inline-formula">NO_<i>x</i></span> emissions from synthetic <span class="inline-formula">NO₂</span> column retrievals generated with the LOTOS-EUROS chemistry transport model over the Netherlands at high spatial resolution of about <span class="inline-formula">2×2</span> <span class="inline-formula">km</span> during summer. …”
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The high-resolution global shipping emission inventory by the Shipping Emission Inventory Model (SEIM) by W. Yi, X. Wang, T. He, H. Liu, Z. Luo, Z. Lv, K. He

“…Concerning the major air pollutants and greenhouse gases, global ships emitted <span class="inline-formula">847.2×10⁶</span> t of CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span>, <span class="inline-formula">2.3×10⁶</span> t of SO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span>, <span class="inline-formula">16.1×10⁶</span> t of NO<span class="inline-formula">_<i>x</i></span>, 791.2 kt of CO, 737.3 kt of HC (hydrocarbon), 415.5 kt of primary PM<span class="inline-formula">_2.5</span>, 61.6 kt of BC (black carbon), 210.3 kt of CH<span class="inline-formula">₄</span>, and 45.1 kt of N<span class="inline-formula">₂</span>O in 2021, accounting for 3.2 % of SO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span>, 14.2 % of NO<span class="inline-formula">_<i>x</i></span>, and 2.3 % of CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> emissions from all global anthropogenic sources, based on the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS). …”
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Soil smoldering in temperate forests: a neglected contributor to fire carbon emissions revealed by atmospheric mixing ratios by L. Vallet, L. Vallet, C. Abdallah, T. Lauvaux, L. Joly, M. Ramonet, P. Ciais, M. Lopez, I. Xueref-Remy, F. Mouillot

“…Our estimates revealed that 6.15 Mt <span class="inline-formula">CO₂</span> (<span class="inline-formula">±2.65</span>) was emitted, with belowground stock accounting for 51.75 % (<span class="inline-formula">±16.05</span>). …”
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A sub-fossil coral Sr∕Ca record documents northward shifts of the Tropical Convergence Zone in the eastern Indian Ocean by M. Pfeiffer, H. Takayanagi, H. Takayanagi, L. Reuning, T. K. Watanabe, T. K. Watanabe, S. Ito, D. Garbe-Schönberg, T. Watanabe, T. Watanabe, T. Watanabe, C.-C. Wu, C.-C. Shen, C.-C. Shen, J. Zinke, G.-J. A. Brummer, S. Y. Cahyarini

“…U<span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mo>/</mo></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="8pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="57ee8123d9c9aefcf23d9c7f6463c158"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="cp-21-211-2025-ie00005.svg" width="8pt" height="14pt" src="cp-21-211-2025-ie00005.png"/></svg:svg></span></span>Th dating shows that the <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mrow class="chem"><mi mathvariant="normal">Sr</mi></mrow><mo>/</mo><mrow class="chem"><mi mathvariant="normal">Ca</mi></mrow></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="33pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="90dc7a8a55bd37b8673bdad01c3cf421"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="cp-21-211-2025-ie00006.svg" width="33pt" height="14pt" src="cp-21-211-2025-ie00006.png"/></svg:svg></span></span>-based SST record extends from 1869–1918 and from 1824–1862 with a relative age uncertainty of <span class="inline-formula">±3</span> years (<span class="inline-formula">2<i>σ</i></span>). At Enggano Island, coastal upwelling and cooling in austral spring impact SST seasonality and are coupled to the latitudinal position of the TCZ. …”
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Effect of Lymphatic Drainage Manipulation on Knee Joint Swelling after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction by MENG Cong, BAO Yong, ZHANG Weiming

“…></graphic></alternatives></inline-formula>=-2.800, -1.760, -0.890 respectively, with <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001, indicating a reduction of knee joint swelling in the observation group at 1, 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively compared to the postoperative day. …”
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Co-Secure Domination Number in Some Graphs by Jiatong Cui, Tianhao Li, Jiayuan Zhang, Xiaodong Chen, Liming Xiong

“…Arumugam et al. proposed two questions: (1) Characterize a graph <i>G</i> with <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>γ</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mi>α</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>,</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> where <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> is the independence number of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>G</mi><mo>;</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> (2) Characterize a graph <i>G</i> with <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>γ</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>γ</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>.…”
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