A Family History of Diabetes Modifies the Association between Elevated Urine Albumin Concentration and Hyperglycemia in Nondiabetic Mexican Adolescents by Aida Jiménez-Corona, Antonio Ávila-Hermosillo, Robert G. Nelson, Guadalupe Ramírez-López

“…MetS was defined using International Diabetes Federation criteria. Fasting insulin, insulin resistance, and lipids were evaluated. …”
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Moderate Weight Reduction in an Outpatient Obesity Intervention Program Significantly Reduces Insulin Resistance and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Severely Obese Adole... by J. Grulich-Henn, S. Lichtenstein, F. Hörster, G. F. Hoffmann, P. P. Nawroth, A. Hamann

“…Metabolic parameters were measured in the fasting state, insulin resistance was evaluated in an oral glucose tolerance test. …”
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Radix Astragali Improves Dysregulated Triglyceride Metabolism and Attenuates Macrophage Infiltration in Adipose Tissue in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Male Rats through Activating m... by Yang Long, Xiang-Xun Zhang, Tao Chen, Yun Gao, Hao-Ming Tian

“…RA treatment resulted in decreased fasting triglyceride levels, FFA concentrations, and adipocyte size. …”
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The global, regional burden of pancreatic cancer and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021 by Weidong Yu, Danyi Zhou, Fanhao Meng, Jinjing Wang, Bo Wang, Jianling Qiang, Lijun Shen, Maofeng Wang, Hezhi Fang

“…In addition, these indicators in the high SDI (Sociodemographic index) region were higher than the global mean. To date, the high fasting plasma glucose remained the major risk factor that influenced the incidence, mortality, DALYs, and prevalence of pancreatic cancer, followed by tobacco and high body mass index (BMI). …”
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Association between Glucose Levels and Intraocular Pressure: Pre- and Postprandial Analysis in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients by Luis Guilherme Milesi Pimentel, Carolina P. B. Gracitelli, Leticia Sant’Ana Cardoso da Silva, Aline Katia Siqueira Souza, Tiago Santos Prata

“…Seventeen nondiabetic and 20 diabetic subjects underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, capillary glucose testing, and applanation tonometry in two distinct situations: first, fasting for at least 8 hours and, second, postprandial measurements. …”
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HOMA-AD in Assessing Insulin Resistance in Lean Noncirrhotic HCV Outpatients by Matheus Truccolo Michalczuk, Camila Rippol Kappel, Oscar Birkhan, Ana Carolina Bragança, Mário Reis Álvares-da-Silva

“…Ninety-four HCV outpatients aged <60 years who met the criteria of nondiabetic, nonobese, noncirrhotic, and nonalcohol abusers were included and compared to 29 controls. Fasting glucose, insulin, adiponectin, and lipid profiles were determined. …”
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Circulating T Cells Exhibit Different TIM3/Galectin-9 Expression in Patients with Obesity and Obesity-Related Diabetes by Lili Sun, Shengyi Zou, Sisi Ding, Xuan Du, Yu Shen, Cuiping Liu, Bimin Shi, Xueguang Zhang

“…Moreover, the level of galectin-9 of the OD group was positively correlated with fasting insulin and C-peptide, which were two clinical features that represented pancreatic islet function in T2DM. …”
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Dairy Foods in a Moderate Energy Restricted Diet Do Not Enhance Central Fat, Weight, and Intra-Abdominal Adipose Tissue Losses nor Reduce Adipocyte Size or Inflammatory Markers in... by Marta D. Van Loan, Nancy L. Keim, Sean H. Adams, Elaine Souza, Leslie R. Woodhouse, Anthony Thomas, Megan Witbracht, Erik R. Gertz, Brian Piccolo, Andrew A. Bremer, Michael Spurlock

“…No diet differences were observed in weight, fat, or IAAT loss; nor SAT mRNA expression of inflammation, circulating cytokines, fasting lipids, glucose, or insulin. There was a significant increase (P=0.02) in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the AD group. …”
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Plasma C1q/TNF-Related Protein-9 Levels Are Associated with Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes without Renal Dysfunction by Mariko Asada, Tomoaki Morioka, Yuko Yamazaki, Yoshinori Kakutani, Reina Kawarabayashi, Koka Motoyama, Katsuhito Mori, Shinya Fukumoto, Atsushi Shioi, Tetsuo Shoji, Masanori Emoto, Masaaki Inaba

“…We included 419 patients with type 2 diabetes, 161 of whom had chronic kidney disease (CKD). Fasting plasma CTRP9 and total adiponectin levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. …”
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Changes in Glucose Metabolism and Atherogenic Risk Factors in Diabetic Patients’ First-degree Relatives by María Teresa González Pedroso, Elizabeth Remis Rodríguez, Marlene Ferrer Arrocha, Marisela Nuez Villar, Ingrid Rodríguez Crespo, Héctor Pérez Assef

“…Alterations in glucose metabolism occurred in 74,6 % of the patients, with a predominance of altered fasting glycemia in 30,3 % and 11,5 % diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. …”
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The First Step of Health Policy-Making for Lifestyle Modifications at Middle Age: Problem Identification in 40- to 60-Year-Old Population, Northern Iran by Simin Mouodi, Seyed Reza Hosseini, Reza Ghadimi, Ali Bijani, Robert Graham Cumming, Hassan Ashrafian Amiri, Fatemeh Bayani, Shima Sum

“…Also, anthropometric variables, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and serum lipids profile were examined. …”
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Altered Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Contributes to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Leptin-Deficient Ob/Ob Mice by James W. Perfield, Laura C. Ortinau, R. Taylor Pickering, Meghan L. Ruebel, Grace M. Meers, R. Scott Rector

“…Obese Ob/Ob mice had increased fasting glucose, insulin, and calculated HOMA-IR as compared with lean wild-type (WT) mice. …”
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Effects of 6 Months of Active Commuting and Leisure-Time Exercise on Fibrin Turnover in Sedentary Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial by Anne Sofie Gram, Martin Bæk Petersen, Jonas Salling Quist, Mads Rosenkilde, Bente Stallknecht, Else-Marie Bladbjerg

“…Ninety younger (20–40 years), sedentary, healthy women and men who are overweight and obese (BMI: 25–35 kg/m2) were randomised to 6 months of habitual lifestyle (CON, n=16), active commuting (BIKE, n=19), or leisure-time exercise of moderate (MOD, ∼50% VO2peak reserve, n=31) or vigorous intensity (VIG, ∼70% VO2peak reserve, n=24). Fasting blood samples (baseline and 3 and 6 months) were analysed for cholesterols and triglycerides, thrombin generation, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, D-dimer, fibrin clot properties, and fibrinolytic activity. …”
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Foxtail millet supplementation improves glucose metabolism and gut microbiota in rats with high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetes by Xin Ren, Linxuan Wang, Zenglong Chen, Min Zhang, Dianzhi Hou, Yong Xue, Xianmin Diao, Ruihai Liu, Qun Shen

“…Results showed that both 30% and 48% FM supplementation significantly decreased concentrations of fasting blood glucose, 60-min blood glucose, and blood triglycerides (P < 0.05); additionally, 48% FM supplementation significantly improved blood glucose tolerance and insulin resistance (P < 0.05). …”
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FFAR4 (GPR120) Signaling Is Not Required for Anti-Inflammatory and Insulin-Sensitizing Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids by Simone Isling Pærregaard, Marianne Agerholm, Annette Karen Serup, Tao Ma, Bente Kiens, Lise Madsen, Karsten Kristiansen, Benjamin Anderschou Holbech Jensen

“…Moreover, ω3-PUFA fed mice had increased circulating protein levels of the anti-inflammatory adipokine, adiponectin, decreased fasting insulin levels, and decreased mRNA expression of several proinflammatory molecules within visceral adipose tissue. …”
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Effects of Age and Sex on Estimated Diabetes Prevalence Using Different Diagnostic Criteria: The Tromsø OGTT Study by Moira Strand Hutchinson, Ragnar Martin Joakimsen, Inger Njølstad, Henrik Schirmer, Yngve Figenschau, Johan Svartberg, Rolf Jorde

“…Subjects were recruited among participants in the longitudinal population-based Tromsø Study. HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, and 2-hour plasma glucose were measured in 3,476 subjects. …”
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Relationships between Composition of Major Fatty Acids and Fat Distribution and Insulin Resistance in Japanese by Chikako Fujii, Toshihide Kawai, Koichiro Azuma, Yuko Oguma, Fuminori Katsukawa, Hiroshi Hirose, Kumiko Tanaka, Shu Meguro, Hideo Matsumoto, Hiroshi Itoh

“…The percentage of linoleic acid (C18:2), the greatest constituent among FFAs, was negatively correlated with visceral fat area (r=−0.411, p<0.0001), fasting glucose (r=−0.330, p<0.0001), HbA1c (r=−0.231, p=0.0146), and systolic blood pressure (r=−0.224, p=0.0184). …”
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Diabetes Mellitus, Extreme Insulin Resistance, and Hypothalamic-Pituitary Langerhans Cells Histiocytosis by Mathilde Sollier, Marine Halbron, Jean Donadieu, Ahmed Idbaih, Fleur Cohen Aubart, Corinne Vigouroux, Martine Auclair, Olivier Bourron, Marie Bastin, Géraldine Béra, Philippe Touraine, Jacques Young, Héléna Mosbah, Agnès Hartemann, Fabrizio Andreelli, Chloé Amouyal

“…A 20-year-old patient was admitted for the evaluation of growth delay and hyperphagia. HbA1c level and fasting blood glucose were in the normal range. The diagnosis of hypothalamopituitary histiocytosis was based on histological features after biopsy of a large suprachiasmatic lesion identified on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). …”
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The Role of Lifestyle in the Prevention and Treatment of Insulin Resistance: A Review of Clinical and Intervention Studies by Daria Rybak, Olga Krupa, Kinga Furtak, Zofia Martyna Wójcik, Kuba Borys Romańczuk, Szymon Przemysław Stolarczyk, Paulina Dorota Pietrukaniec, Bartosz Omasta, Katarzyna Kamińska-Omasta, Magdalena Agata Czerska

“…The analysis included studies evaluating the impact of specific lifestyle interventions on markers of insulin resistance (IR), such as fasting insulin levels, HOMA-IR indices and glucose tolerance. …”
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A randomised controlled trial to compare the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in early versus conventional feeding in children undergoing daycare surgery under gener... by Ranju Singh, H Santoshkumar Huligeri, Pooja Singh

“…No specific evidence suggests that the usual practice of postoperative fasting of 4–6 h to reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is beneficial. …”
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