Regulatory roles of RNA binding proteins in the Hippo pathway by Shuchang Peng, Chenglin Li, Yanwen He, Lei Xue, Xiaowei Guo

“…Overall, this review provides mechanistic insights into the roles of eukaryotic RBP proteins in the regulation of crucial signaling cascades.…”
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Centromere positioning orchestrates telomere bouquet formation and the initiation of meiotic differentiation by Alberto Jiménez-Martín, Alberto Pineda-Santaella, Rebeca Martín-García, Rodrigo Esteban-Villafañe, Alix Matarrese, Jesús Pinto-Cruz, Sergio Camacho-Cabañas, Daniel León-Periñán, Antonia Terrizzano, Rafael R. Daga, Sigurd Braun, Alfonso Fernández-Álvarez

“…This discovery highlights the finely tuned control exerted over long-distance heterochromatic regions and underscores a pivotal step in the mechanism of eukaryotic telomere bouquet formation and meiotic transcriptional rewiring.…”
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RNA structure in alternative splicing regulation: from mechanism to therapy by Bao Nengcheng, Wang Zhechao, Fu Jiayan, Dong Haiyang, Jin Yongfeng

“…Alternative splicing is a highly intricate process that plays a crucial role in post-transcriptional regulation and significantly expands the functional proteome of a limited number of coding genes in eukaryotes. Its regulation is multifactorial, with RNA structure exerting a significant impact. …”
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Small RNA Expression Profiling by High-Throughput Sequencing: Implications of Enzymatic Manipulation by Fanglei Zhuang, Ryan T. Fuchs, G. Brett Robb

“…Eukaryotic regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs) play significant roles in many fundamental cellular processes. …”
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The ABC transporter Opp imports reduced glutathione, while Gsi imports glutathione disulfide in Escherichia coli by Lisa R. Knoke, Maik Muskietorz, Lena Kühn, Lars I. Leichert

“…Glutathione is the major thiol-based antioxidant in a wide variety of biological systems, ranging from bacteria to eukaryotes. As a redox couple, consisting of reduced glutathione (GSH) and its oxidized form, glutathione disulfide (GSSG), it is crucial for the maintenance of the cellular redox balance. …”
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Effect of Phosphate Starvation on Gene Expression in <i>Komagataella phaffii</i> Cells by Valeria V. Ishtuganova, Anton V. Sidorin, Anastasiya S. Makeeva, Marina V. Padkina, Andrey M. Rumyantsev

“…The study of phosphate metabolism and its regulation is important for understanding the evolutionary processes of regulatory systems in eukaryotic cells. The methylotrophic yeast <i>Komagataella phaffii</i> is an efficient producer organism, and it is actively used in biotechnological production. …”
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Control of virulence by small RNAs in Streptococcus pneumoniae. by Beth Mann, Tim van Opijnen, Jianmin Wang, Caroline Obert, Yong-Dong Wang, Robert Carter, Daniel J McGoldrick, Granger Ridout, Andrew Camilli, Elaine I Tuomanen, Jason W Rosch

“…Small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) play important roles in gene regulation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Thus far, no sRNA has been assigned a definitive role in virulence in the major human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. …”
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ADATs: roles in tRNA editing and relevance to disease by Mao Xue-Ling, Eriani Gilbert, Zhou Xiao-Long

“…The most studied example is the TadA- or ADAT2/3-mediated A-to-I conversion of the tRNA wobble position in the anticodon of prokaryotic or eukaryotic tRNAs, respectively. This review provides detailed information on A-to-I and C-to-U editing of tRNAs in different domains of life, presents recent new findings on ADATs for DNA editing, and finally comments on the association of mutations in the ADAT3 gene with intellectual disability.…”
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Possible Mechanisms of Relations between the Thermal Neutrons Field and Biosphere by Anton V. Syroeshkin, Irina V. Tarabrina, Mariya A. Morozova, Alla V. Marukhlenko, Igor A. Zlatskiy, Mariya P. Makarova

“…This paper proposes some results concerning the interaction of living matter of different organization levels (prokaryotes and eukaryotes) with the flux of thermal neutrons. The phenomenon of the virtual neutron trap was tested during the passage of thermalized neutrons from the Pu-Be couple through a flat layer of E. coli suspension. …”
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Intestinal Epithelial Cell Function and Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Katherine Luo, Stewart Siyan Cao

“…In eukaryotic cells, perturbation of protein folding homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causes accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in the ER lumen, which activates intracellular signaling pathways termed the unfolded protein response (UPR). …”
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Evolutionary origins and functional diversification of Auxin Response Factors by Jorge Hernández-García, Vanessa Polet Carrillo-Carrasco, Juriaan Rienstra, Keita Tanaka, Martijn de Roij, Melissa Dipp-Álvarez, Alejandra Freire-Ríos, Isidro Crespo, Roeland Boer, Willy A. M. van den Berg, Simon Lindhoud, Dolf Weijers

“…We reveal the shared origin of ARFs from preexisting domains, uncovering a protein fold homologous to the ARF DNA-binding fold in a conserved eukaryotic chromatin regulator. Building on this, we reconstruct the complete evolutionary history of ARFs, including the divergence events leading to the appearance of the ARF classes and defining the main molecular targets for their functional diversification. …”
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A relay race of ESCRT-III paralogs drives cell division in a hyperthermophilic archaeon by Junfeng Liu, Mickaël Lelek, Yunfeng Yang, Audrey Salles, Christophe Zimmer, Yulong Shen, Mart Krupovic

“…Archaea of the order Sulfolobales divide using a simpler version of the eukaryotic endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) machinery, composed of three ESCRT-III homologs (ESCRT-III, -III-1, and -III-2), AAA+ ATPase Vps4 and an archaea-specific component CdvA. …”
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Metagenomics approaches for studying the human microbiome by Biniam Moges, Degisew Yinur Mengistu

“…The human body harbors an extremely complex and dynamic microbial community (10-100 trillion) of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and eukaryotes. The human microbiota plays a crucial role in the environment and human health under normal circumstances; nonetheless, dysfunction of the human microbiome has been associated with illnesses ranging from inflammatory bowel disease to multidrug-resistant infections. …”
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Different Levels of Autophagy Activity in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Involved in the Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Hongxia Tao, Qin Lv, Jing Zhang, Lijuan Chen, Yang Yang, Wei Sun

“…Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent pathway that mediates the degradation and recycling of intracellular material and is an efficient way to renew the nonnuclear (cytoplasmic) part of eukaryotic cells, which is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and is a potential target for regulating MSCs function. …”
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Cloning a Chloroplast Genome in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli by Emma Walker, Bogumil Karas

“…Chloroplast genomes present an alternative strategy for large-scale engineering of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Prior to our work, the chloroplast genomes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (204 kb) and Zea mays (140 kb) had been cloned using bacterial and yeast artificial chromosome (BAC/YAC) libraries, respectively. …”
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DNA spontaneously wrapping around a histone core prefers negative supercoiling: A Brownian dynamics study. by Chunhong Long, Hongqiong Liang, Biao Wan

“…In eukaryotes, DNA achieves a highly compact structure primarily due to its winding around the histone cores. …”
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When HSFs bring the heat—mapping the transcriptional circuitries of HSF-type regulators in Candida albicans by Sadri Znaidi

“…ABSTRACT Heat shock factor (HSF)-type regulators are stress-responsive transcription factors widely distributed among eukaryotes, including fungi. They carry a four-stranded winged helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domain considered as the signature domain for HSFs. …”
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The expanded genome of Hexamita inflata, a free-living diplomonad by Zeynep Akdeniz, Michal Havelka, Michal Stoklasa, Alejandro Jiménez-González, Vojtěch Žárský, Feifei Xu, Courtney W. Stairs, Jon Jerlström-Hultqvist, Martin Kolísko, Jan Provazník, Staffan Svärd, Jan O. Andersson, Jan Tachezy

“…Abstract Diplomonads are anaerobic, flagellated protists, being part of the Metamonada group of Eukaryotes. Diplomonads either live as endobionts (parasites and commensals) of animals or free-living in low-oxygen environments. …”
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Autophagy-associated signal pathways of functional foods for chronic diseases by Jinfeng Xie, Jiling Liang, Ning Chen

“…Autophagy is one of the highly conserved cellular processes for the clearance of aberrant components in eukaryotic cells, and plays an essential role in health promotion and prevention and treatment of a series of chronic diseases. …”
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A conserved class of viral RNA structures regulates translation reinitiation through dynamic ribosome interactions by Madeline E. Sherlock, Conner J. Langeberg, Katherine E. Segar, Jeffrey S. Kieft

“…Evaluating the conserved features and constraints of this entire RNA class within the context of the cryo-EM reconstruction provides insight into mechanisms enabling reinitiation, a translation regulation strategy employed by many other viral and eukaryotic systems.…”
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