Duration of External Neck Stabilisation (DENS) following odontoid fracture in older or frail adults: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of collar versus no collar by John Norrie, Julie Woodfield, David J Lowe, Paul M Brennan, Catriona Keerie, Julia Lawton, Matthew J Reed, Andrew Stoddart, Julia Boyd, Helen Eborall, Gina Cranswick, James Tomlinson, Polly L Black, Sadaquate Khan, Patrick Statham, Ellie Edlmann, Phillip Correia Copley, Angela Niven, Susan Deborah Shenkin

“…The DENS trial received a favourable ethical opinion from the Scotland A Research Ethics Committee (21/SS/0036) and the Leeds West Research Ethics Committee (21/YH/0141).Trial registration number NCT04895644.…”
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Self-reported determinants for subjective financial distress: a qualitative interview study with German cancer patients by Eva Winkler, Katja Mehlis, Bastian Surmann, Wolfgang Greiner, Andrea Züger, Viktoria Mathies, Sophie Pauge, Luise Richter, Thomas Ernst, Natalja Menold

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Effectiveness of case-area targeted interventions including vaccination on the control of epidemic cholera: protocol for a prospective observational study by Lauren D'Mello-Guyett, Ruwan Ratnayake, Andrew S Azman, Yap Boum, Francesco Checchi, W John Edmunds, Placide Okitayemba Welo, Nicolas Peyraud, Iza Ciglenecki, Etienne Gignoux, Maria Lightowler, Primitive Gakima, Jean Patrick Ouamba, Joseph Amadomon Sagara, Rollin Ndombe, Nana Mimbu, Alexandra Ascorra, Elisabeth Mukamba Musenga, Berthe Miwanda, Francisco Luquero, Klaudia Porten, Flavio Finger, Miriam Alia, Bachir Assao, Catherine Bachy, Rob D'hondt, Karl Njuwa Fai, Caroline Henry-Ostian, Abdoul-Moumouni Issa-Soumana, Danish Malik, Herbert Mutubuki, Rodrigue Ntone, Isabella Panunzi, Issaka Soumana, Oumar Touré, Mamady Traore

“…Cohort studies will measure effects on reducing incidence among household contacts and changes in antimicrobial resistance.Ethics and dissemination The ethics review boards of MSF and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine have approved a generic protocol. …”
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Mass rabies exposure of veterinary health care workers in Germany: Management, immune response, and tolerability of post exposure-prophylaxis by Lennart Lemmermann, Jonathan Remppis, Sabine Bélard, Florian Steiner

“…Data was collected from patient records and for follow-up by phone using standardized case record forms, entered into an Excel database, and analyzed descriptively. Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the University of Tübingen (8452022BO2). …”
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Expanding the role of non-physician medical staff in primary care in Germany: protocol for a mixed-methods study exploring the perspectives of physicians in rural practices by Joachim E Fischer, Heiner Averbeck, David Litaker

“…Perspectives towards delegation will be maximised by comparing data emerging in either part of the study, seeking confirmation, disagreement or further details.Ethics and dissemination The Ethics Committee of Heidelberg University approved this study (approval number: 2021–530). …”
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Resurgence of blackwater fever among children in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review protocol by Julian Abeso, Francis Okello, Peter Olupot-Olupot, George Paasi, Carolyne Ndila, Florence Alaroker, Glorias Asiimwe

“…Bibliographic data and abstract content will be collected and analysed using a data-charting tool developed iteratively by the research team.Ethics and dissemination This scoping review being a secondary analysis does not require ethics approval. …”
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Gambaran Penerapan Kode Etik Kedokteran Indonesia pada Dokter Umum di Puskesmas di Kota Padang by Rieke Arya Putri, Rahmatina B. Herman, Yulistini .

“…This study used quantitative descriptive design using a questionnaire of Indonesian Reflection Code of Ethics to general practitioner in community health centers in Padang. …”
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“It was a foregone conclusion”: a qualitative study of women’s experiences and meaning-making of later-in-life abortion in Belgium by Kato Verghote, Nathalie Neeser, Tenzin Wangmo, Guido Pennings, Veerle Provoost

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Making space for patients’ preferences in precision medicine: a qualitative study exploring perspectives of patients with rheumatoid arthritis by Bente Appel Esbensen, Karin Schölin Bywall, Jennifer Viberg Johansson, Inger Erlandsson, Marie Heidenvall, Marta Lason

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The Taking Charge After Stroke (TaCAS) study protocol: a multicentre, investigator-blinded, randomised controlled trial comparing the effect of a single Take Charge session, two Ta... by Mark Weatherall, Harry McNaughton, Vivian Wai Yin Fu

“…All analyses will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis.Ethics and dissemination The TaCAS study is funded by a Health Research Council of New Zealand grant. …”
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Effect of intermittent urethral catheter clamping combined with active urination training (ICCAUT) strategy on postoperative urinary dysfunction after radical rectal cancer surgery... by Yuchen Guo, Quan Wang, Tingting He, Sen Liang, Yunan Guan, Jianan Sun, Haiyan Hu

“…Secondary end points include urinary tract infection, time to first urination after catheter removal, catheter-related bladder discomfort syndrome, postoperative morbidity and mortality and urinary function within 30 days.Ethics and dissemination This trial was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the First Hospital of Jilin University (24K047-001). …”
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IoC2 monitoring versus standard practice in reducing opioid consumption in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a study protocol for a randomised controlled... by Zhe Li, Jing Zhao, Xiaowen Liu, Huamei Cai, Yun Yan

“…The primary outcome will be to compare intraoperative sufentanil consumption between the two groups to assess the potential role of IoC2 in optimising perioperative analgesia in elderly patients.Ethics and dissemination This study has been approved by the ethics committee of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (2024-KY-148-3) and registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400089115). …”
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Efficacy of a guided internet-based intervention (iSOMA) for somatic symptoms and related distress in university students: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial by Harald Baumeister, Michael Witthöft, Eileen Bendig, Severin Hennemann, Katja Böhme, Maria Kleinstäuber, David Daniel Ebert

“…Secondary outcomes include depression, (health) anxiety, disability, intervention satisfaction and adherence.Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval has been granted. …”
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Whole-body photobiomodulation therapy for chronic pain: a protocol for a feasibility trial by Nicola R Heneghan, Andrew Soundy, Bethany Fitzmaurice, Asius Rayen

“…Exploratory outcomes (participant-reported and performance-based measures) will be analysed according to data distribution.Ethics and dissemination The study has received ethical approval from the Leicester Central Research and Ethics Committee. …”
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Development and validation of machine-learning models for predicting the risk of hypertriglyceridemia in critically ill patients receiving propofol sedation using retrospective dat... by Jiawen Deng, Hemang Yadav, Kiyan Heybati

“…The proposed study has received ethics approval from the Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board (IRB #23–0 07 416).…”
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Coproducing healthcare service improvement for people with common mental health disorders including psychotic experiences: a study protocol of a multiperspective qualitative study by Alexandros Georgiadis, Robbie Duschinsky, Jesus Perez, Peter B Jones, Debra Russo, Clare Knight, Emma Soneson, Mary Dixon-Woods

“…Data analysis will be based on the constant comparative method.Ethics and dissemination The study has been approved by the London Harrow Research Ethics Committee (reference: 18/LO/0642), and all National Health Service Trusts have granted permissions to conduct the study. …”
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Current knowledge on spinal meningiomas: a systematic review protocol by Erik Edström, Adrian Elmi-Terander, Gustav Burström, Victor Gabriel El-Hajj, Jenny Pettersson Segerlind

“…For clinicians, the systematic collection and grading of available evidence may aid in decision making and for those seeking to further the scientific field, this review may help to identify areas where knowledge is currently lacking.Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was not required for our systematic review as it is based on existing publications. …”
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Effectiveness of interventions for dry eye: a protocol for an overview of systematic reviews by Tianjing Li, Paul McCann, Riaz Qureshi, Zanna Kruoch

“…The anticipated start and completion dates for this overview are 1 May 2021 and 30 April 2022, respectively.Ethics and dissemination This overview will not require the approval of an Ethics Committee because it will use published studies. …”
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Physical activity for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis by Ole Jakob Storebø, Marie-Louise Jensen, Merete Bender Bjerrum, Marianne Vamosi

“…Furthermore, it will be the first review in the field to include QoL as an outcome and to apply trial sequential analysis as part of the meta-analysis.Ethics and dissemination As the systematic review is a secondary analysis of data from primary trials, approval from an ethics committee is not required. …”
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Sleep behaviour and cardiorespiratory fitness in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention during cardiac rehabilitation: protocol for a longitudinal study by Jie Zhou, Jing Wu, Lan Huang, Yiyan Wang, Husheng Li, Xubo Wu

“…The generalised estimating equation will be used to examine the associations between sleep and CRF during CR.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval for this observational longitudinal study was granted by the Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Ethics Committee on 23 April 2021 (2021-7th-HIRB-012). …”
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