Modeling and analysis of the San Francisco City Clinic Cohort (SFCCC) HIV-epidemic including treatment by Brandy Rapatski, Juan Tolosa

“…We investigate two HIV/AIDS epidemic models.The first model represents the early San Franciscomen having sex with men (MSM) epidemic.We use data from the San Francisco City Clinic Cohort Study (SFCCC), documentingthe onset of HIV in San Francisco (1978-1984).The second model is a ``what-if'' scenario model includingtesting and treatment in the SFCCC epidemic.We use compartmental, population-level models,described by systems ofordinary differential equations.We find the basic reproductive number $R_0$ for each system,and we prove that if $R_0<1 the="" system="" has="" only="" the="" disease-free="" equilibrium="" dfe="" which="" is="" locally="" and="" globally="" stable="" whereas="" if="" r_0="">1$, the DFE is unstable.In addition, when $R_0>1$, both systems have a unique endemic equilibrium (EE).We show that treatment alone would not have stopped the San Francisco MSM epidemic,but would have significantly reduced its impact.…”
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Tuberculous Panophthalmitis with Lymphadenitis and Central Nervous System Tuberculoma by Sirawat Srichatrapimuk, Duangkamon Wattanatranon, Somnuek Sungkanuparph

“…Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of TB in the differential diagnosis of endophthalmitis and panophthalmitis, especially in regions where TB is endemic.…”
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The History of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Brazil by Mariana Moreira Andrade, Wilson Barros Luiz, Rayane da Silva Oliveira Souza, Jaime Henrique Amorim

“…In Brazil, the first MRSA isolates were reported in the late 1980s, and since then different genetic profiles, such as the Brazilian epidemic clone (BEC) and other clones considered a pandemic, became endemic in the Brazilian population. Additionally, Brazil’s MRSA clones were shown to be able to transfer genes involved in multidrug resistance and enhanced pathogenic properties. …”
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Trachoma and Ocular Chlamydial Infection in the Era of Genomics by Tamsyn Derrick, Chrissy h. Roberts, Anna R. Last, Sarah E. Burr, Martin J. Holland

“…Trachoma is a blinding disease usually caused by infection with Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) serovars A, B, and C in the upper tarsal conjunctiva. Individuals in endemic regions are repeatedly infected with Ct throughout childhood. …”
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Larvicidal Effects of Nanoliposomes Containing Clove and Cinnamon Essential Oils, Eugenol, and Cinnamaldehyde against the Main Malaria Vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston by Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi, Roghayeh Heiran, Ghazaal Roozitalab, Narges Elahi, Mahmoud Osanloo

“…The use of larvicides, especially in endemic regions, is recommended for malaria control. …”
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Applicability of the Filter Paper Technique for Detection of AntifilarialIgG4 Antibodies Using the Bm14 Filariasis CELISA by Hayley M. Joseph, Wayne Melrose

“…Demonstration of successful elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) in endemic countries requires sensitive diagnostics for accurate definitions of endpoints and future surveillance. …”
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Mathematical model for managing vector-borne pathogen outbreaks in chickens using impulsive vaccination and drug treatment by Kamonchat Trachoo, Din Prathumwan, Darunee Padasee, Supatcha Paopan, Inthira Chaiya

“…We determine the basic reproduction number of disease transmission and analyze the stability conditions of the proposed model for both disease-free and endemic equilibria, addressing both local and global stability. …”
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A Periodic West Nile Virus Transmission Model with Stage-Structured Host Population by Junli Liu, Tailei Zhang, Qiaoling Chen

“…In the case where all coefficients are constants, for a special case, we obtain the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium, the uniqueness of the endemic equilibrium, and the permanence of the disease in terms of the basic reproduction number R0. …”
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Chagas Disease, a Triatomine Bug-Transmitted Protozoan Infection by Bethany R. Eutsey, Cameron J. Jack, Shelley A. Whitehead, Eva A. Buckner

“…Disease transmitted by triatomine bugs generally occurs in rural areas of Mexico, Central America, and South America, but it is becoming more prevalent in non-endemic areas like the US as asymptomatic infected people move from rural to urban areas of Latin America and other regions.  …”
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Shared Bacterial and Viral Respiratory Agents in Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis), Domestic Sheep (Ovis aries), and Goats (Capra hircus) in Montana by David S. Miller, Glen C. Weiser, Keith Aune, Brent Roeder, Mark Atkinson, Neil Anderson, Thomas J. Roffe, Kim A. Keating, Phillip L. Chapman, Cleon Kimberling, Jack Rhyan, P. Ryan Clarke

“…These results may be the result of historic cross-species transmission of agents that has resulted in a mosaic of endemic and exotic agents. Future work using longitudinal and multiple population comparisons is needed to rigorously establish the risk of outbreaks from cross-species transmission of infectious agents.…”
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Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil from Leaves of Zanthoxylum kleinii (R.S. Cowan) P.G. Waterman (Rutaceae) by Karine Amorim Fladzinski, Monica Surek, Renan Reisdörfer Schorr, Francisco de Assis Marques, Cintia Aparecida dos Anjos, Elisiane de Bona Sartor, Juliana de Fátima Garcia, Obdulio Gomes Miguel, Marilis Dallarmi Miguel, Luciane Dalarmi, Deise Prehs Montrucchio, Josiane de Fátima Gaspari Dias

“…Abstract Z. kleinii is an endemic species in Brazil. No reports of popular use, regarding its chemical composition or biological activities were reported to date. …”
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Observed Baseline and Future Projection of Royal Belum State Park by Zin Zafirah Husna Mohd, Ju Neng Liew, Kumaran Jayaraj Vijaya, Leong Marieanne Christie

“…RBSP is notably rich in biodiversity and is home to endemic species for various flora and fauna that are susceptible to climate change. …”
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A Novel Strain of <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i> Detected from Chiggers (Acari: Trombiculidae) on Wild Rodents by Hak Seon Lee, Seong Yoon Kim, Hee Il Lee

“…Scrub typhus is caused by intracellular bacteria belonging to the genus <i>Orientia</i>. Until 2010, the endemic region was thought to be restricted to the Asia–Pacific region. …”
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Hepatitis C Virus in Arab World: A State of Concern by Mohamed A. Daw, Aghnaya A. Dau

“…Hepatitis C virus was found to be endemic in Arabia. The serostatus of such virus was found to be variable among these countries with uniform patterns of genotypes. …”
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Dynamical analysis and optimal control of an multi-age-structured vector-borne disease model with multiple transmission pathways by Huihui Liu, Yaping Wang, Linfei Nie

“…Further, we deduce that the disease-free steady state $ \mathcal{E}^0 $ is globally asymptotically stable for $ \mathcal{R}_0 < 1 $, the endemic steady state $ \mathcal{E}^* $ exists and the disease is persistent for $ \mathcal{R}_0 > 1 $. …”
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Contribution to the knowledge of Pyraloid moths (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea) from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India by B. Sumit Kumar Rao, Chandrakasan Sivaperuman

“…The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a biodiversity hotspot in India, hosts a diverse array of insect species, many of which are endemic to the region. The present work focuses on the pyraloid moth diversity in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and significantly expands the knowledge of the known pyraloid moth fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, reporting new distributional records for 19 species. …”
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Aquatic insects (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Diptera: Tipuloidea) from the upper Neretva in Bosnia-Herzegovina by Wolfram Graf, Ernst Bauernfeind, Marija Ivković, Levente-Péter Kolcsár

“…In total, 59 Trichoptera species, ten Plecoptera species, 19 Ephemeroptera and 16 Diptera (Tipuloidea) species were collected, of which Baeoura sp. is new to science. 35 species are endemics of the Balkans, most species are rheobiontic and need high water current. …”
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Primary Nasal Tuberculosis by Varun Jerath, Bipin Kishore Prasad, Yamuna Ranganathan, Sunil Goyal

“…One should have a high index of suspicion in patients living in endemic areas not responding to routine treatment and presenting with nasal mass and crusting …”
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Immunosuppression with Antitumour Necrosis Factor Therapy Leading to Strongyloides Hyperinfection Syndrome by Muhammad Farhan Khaliq, Rayan E. Ihle, James Perry

“…Strongyloides stercoralis is an endemic parasitic infection that can remain asymptomatic for years, but it can cause death in immunosuppressed individuals. …”
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Mathematical Model For Transmission and Control of Covid-19 In Human Population. by Marahi, Brian

“…We show that at a particular point in time, if the product of the population growth rate r - "and the sum of the natural death rate and the number of infected people (weighted by the exposure rate) is greater than the product of the basic reproduction number and the number of susceptible individuals, then the endemic equilibrium point will be stable and the disease will persist in the population that is if,((µ+ {JI*)> RoS *). …”
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