Corps embryoïdes : biologie moléculaire et cellules vivantes by Noémie Merleau-Ponty

“…The human embryo must first be inserted into a kinship—then detached from that kinship: one begins humanising it, then halts the humanising process to metamorphose it in a lineage of human embryonic stem cells. Embryoid bodies are constructed laboratory materials that are also steeped in emotions and profit margins, pasts and futures, in the recesses of which beats the organic pulse of the living.…”
Get full text

Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Cell Pluripotency, Differentiation, and Reprogramming by Androniki Kretsovali, Christiana Hadjimichael, Nikolaos Charmpilas

“…Under distinct developmental conditions, they can promote either self-renewal or differentiation of embryonic stem cells. In addition, they can promote directed differentiation of embryonic and tissue-specific stem cells along the neuronal, cardiomyocytic, and hepatic lineages. …”
Get full text

Bone Marrow Stem Cell as a Potential Treatment for Diabetes by Ming Li, Susumu Ikehara

“…Recently, research has focused on stem cells which can be classified into embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and tissue stem cells (TSCs) to generate functional β cells. …”
Get full text

Parthenogenesis and Human Assisted Reproduction by Adriana Bos-Mikich, Fabiana F. Bressan, Rafael R. Ruggeri, Yeda Watanabe, Flávio V. Meirelles

“…Parthenogenetic activation of human oocytes obtained from infertility treatments has gained new interest in recent years as an alternative approach to create embryos with no reproductive purpose for research in areas such as assisted reproduction technologies itself, somatic cell, and nuclear transfer experiments and for derivation of clinical grade pluripotent embryonic stem cells for regenerative medicine. Different activating methods have been tested on human and nonhuman oocytes, with varying degrees of success in terms of parthenote generation rates, embryo development stem cell derivation rates. …”
Get full text

Current Bioengineering Methods for Whole Kidney Regeneration by Shuichiro Yamanaka, Takashi Yokoo

“…Here, we review recent advances in the field of kidney regeneration, including (i) the directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells/embryonic stem cells into kidney cells; (ii) blastocyst decomplementation; (iii) use of a decellularized cadaveric scaffold; (iv) embryonic organ transplantation; and (v) use of a nephrogenic niche for growing xenoembryos for de novo kidney regeneration from stem cells. …”
Get full text

Cell Transplantation for Spinal Cord Injury: Tumorigenicity of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells by Junhao Deng, Yiling Zhang, Yong Xie, Licheng Zhang, Peifu Tang

“…Neural stem/progenitor cell (NS/PC) transplantation derived from fetal tissues or embryonic stem cells (ESCs) has demonstrated therapeutic effects via replacement of lost neurons and severed axons and creation of permissive microenvironment to promote repair of spinal cord and axon regeneration but causes ethnical concerns and immunological rejections as well. …”
Get full text

Discovery of a Novel Long Noncoding RNA Lx8-SINE B2 as a Marker of Pluripotency by Fuquan Chen, Miao Zhang, Xiao Feng, Xiaomin Li, Haotian Sun, Xinyi Lu

“…Pluripotency and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are marked by core transcription regulators such as Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog. …”
Get full text

Human epicardial organoids from pluripotent stem cells resemble fetal stage with potential cardiomyocyte- transdifferentiation by Fanwen Wang, Xinle Zou, Huilin Zheng, Tianci Kong, Duanqing Pei

“…Here we use a three-step manipulation of WNT signalling entwined with BMP and RA signalling for generating a self-organized epicardial organoid that highly express with epicardium makers WT1 and TCF21 from human embryonic stem cells. After 8-days treatment of TGF-beta following by bFGF, cells enter into epithelium-mesenchymal transition and give rise to smooth muscle cells. …”
Get full text

Mesenchymal Stem and Progenitor Cells in Regeneration: Tissue Specificity and Regenerative Potential by Rokhsareh Rohban, Thomas Rudolf Pieber

“…The potential use of embryonic stem cells and invention of induced pluripotent stem cells raised hope for clinical regenerative purposes; however, the use of these interventions for regenerative therapy showed its dark side, as many health concerns and ethical issues arose in terms of using these cells in clinical applications. …”
Get full text

Long Noncoding RNA Regulation of Pluripotency by Alessandro Rosa, Monica Ballarino

“…As such, human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs) and human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs) provide a unique opportunity for studying the earliest steps of human embryogenesis and, at the same time, are of great therapeutic interest. …”
Get full text

Reprogramming of Mouse Calvarial Osteoblasts into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Yinxiang Wang, Jessica Aijia Liu, Keith K. H. Leung, Mai Har Sham, Danny Chan, Kathryn S. E. Cheah, Martin Cheung

“…These osteoblast-derived iPS cells exhibited gene expression profiles akin to embryonic stem cells and were pluripotent as demonstrated by their ability to form teratomas comprising tissues from all germ layers and also contribute to tail tissue in chimera embryos. …”
Get full text

Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine: Myth or Reality of the 21th Century by J.-F. Stoltz, N. de Isla, Y. P. Li, D. Bensoussan, L. Zhang, C. Huselstein, Y. Chen, V. Decot, J. Magdalou, N. Li, L. Reppel, Y. He

“…Despite the promise of embryonic stem cells, in many cases, adult or even fetal stem cells provide a more interesting approach for clinical applications. …”
Get full text

miR-375 Promotes Pancreatic Differentiation In Vitro by Affecting Different Target Genes at Different Stages by Zhenyu Lu, Jing Wang, Xu Wang, Zhiying Li, Dan Niu, Min Wang, Jinzhu Xiang, Yongli Yue, Yajuan Xia, Xueling Li

“…Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) possess the ability to differentiate into insulin-producing cells (IPCs), which can be used to treat type I diabetes. miR-375 is an essential transcriptional regulator in the development and maturation of the pancreas. …”
Get full text

Prospect of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Crest Stem Cells in Clinical Application by Qian Zhu, Qiqi Lu, Rong Gao, Tong Cao

“…As human pluripotent stem cells including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can serve as an unlimited cell source to generate NCSCs, hESC/hiPSC-derived NCSCs can be a valuable tool to study the underlying mechanisms of NCSC-associated diseases, which paves the way for future therapies for these abnormalities. …”
Get full text

A biallelically active embryonic enhancer dictates GNAS imprinting through allele-specific conformations by Yorihiro Iwasaki, Monica Reyes, Harald Jüppner, Murat Bastepe

“…Here, we show that the STX16-ICR forms different chromatin conformations with each GNAS parental allele and enhances two GNAS promoters in human embryonic stem cells. When these cells differentiate toward proximal renal tubule cells, STX16-ICR loses its effect, accompanied by a transition to a somatic cell-specific GNAS imprinting status. …”
Get full text

Biological Effects of Culture Substrates on Human Pluripotent Stem Cells by Yohei Hayashi, Miho Kusuda Furue

“…Also, since naïve pluripotency has been widely recognized as an alternative pluripotent state of hPSCs, we discuss the possible effects of culture substrates and integrin signaling on naïve hPSCs based on the studies of mouse embryonic stem cells. Understanding the role of culture substrates in hPSC self-renewal and differentiation enables us to control hPSC behavior precisely and to establish scalable or microfabricated culture technologies for regenerative medicine and drug development.…”
Get full text

SHP2-Mediated Signal Networks in Stem Cell Homeostasis and Dysfunction by Chen Kan, Fan Yang, Siying Wang

“…Stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and adult stem cells, play a central role in mammal organism development and homeostasis. …”
Get full text

The Potential for Cellular Therapy Combined with Growth Factors in Spinal Cord Injury by Jack Rosner, Pablo Avalos, Frank Acosta, John Liu, Doniel Drazin

“…Research is being conducted in the following areas: pathophysiology, cellular therapies (Schwann cells, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, olfactory ensheathing cells), growth factors (BDNF), inhibitory molecules (NG2, myelin protein), and combination therapies (cell grafts and neurotrophins, cotransplantation). …”
Get full text

BRD8 Guards the Pluripotent State by Sensing and Maintaining Histone Acetylation by Li Sun, Xiuling Fu, Zhen Xiao, Gang Ma, Yibin Zhou, Haoqing Hu, Liyang Shi, Dongwei Li, Ralf Jauch, Andrew Paul Hutchins

“…Here, it is shown that the histone acetyltransferase reader protein BRD8 impairs the conversion of primed mouse EpiSCs (epiblast stem cells) to naive mouse ESCs (embryonic stem cells). BRD8 works by maintaining histone acetylation on promoters and transcribed gene bodies. …”
Get full text

Hair Follicle Dermal Cells Support Expansion of Murine and Human Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Promote Haematopoiesis in Mouse Cultures by Jun Liu, Claire A. Higgins, Jenna C. Whitehouse, Susan J. Harris, Heather Crawford, Angela M. Christiano, Majlinda Lako, Nicholas Hole, Colin A. B. Jahoda

“…In view of their regulatory properties, in this study, we investigated the interaction between hair follicle dermal cells (DP and DS) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs); induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); and haematopoietic stem cells. …”
Get full text