The Grass is Always Greener on the Other Side, or Else Austria Through the Eyes of European Rural Developers by Katalin Mezei, Szabolcs Troján, Nóra Lipcseiné Takács

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Pricing Decisions and Online Channel Selection Strategies in Dual-Channel Supply Chains considering Block Chain by Qiang Li, Huanling Li

“…In this paper, we consider two different types of dual-channel supply chain sales models, namely, an online direct + online distribution sales model consisting of an online direct sales channel and online distribution sales channel and an online direct + delegation sales model consisting of an online direct sales channel and an online delegation sales channel. …”
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Price and Service Competition in a Dual-Channel Supply Chain with Product Customization by Jian Wang, Huijuan Jiang

“…One manufacturer and one retailer are involved. The online direct sales channel sells standard and customized products, and the offline retail channel sells standard products. …”
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Traditional online and live-streaming dual-channel strategies and pricing policies. by Yue Yu, Songshi Shao, Mingli Yuan, Minghe Sun

“…., traditional retail channel only, opening a traditional direct online channel and opening a live-streaming direct sales channel, to consider. The manufacturer and the retailer play a Stackelberg game wherein the manufacturer has the first mover advantage. …”
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Internationalization strategy and foreign distribution channels: analysis of the brazilian cosmetics company Natura by Silvia Novaes Zilbe, Carlos Henrique Mora Júnior, Francisco Lourenço da Silva

“…The results indicate that the company's internationalization process has followed the model of the Uppsala school (learning) and that the company has maintained the same distribution strategy (direct sales) in markets with similar cultures (Latin America), but for the European market (Paris) it preferred to establish a physical store because of the cultural differences of that market. …”
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Les halles à marée françaises au temps du confinement en 2020 by Frédérique Alban, Sophie Léonardi, Pascal le Floc’h

“…The second is the question of the potential threat of direct sales to fish markets.…”
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Complementary Product Pricing and Service Cooperation Strategy in a Dual-Channel Supply Chain by Minglun Ren, Jiqiong Liu, Shuai Feng, Aifeng Yang

“…One manufacturer sells products simultaneously through its own online channel and the traditional retailer, and the manufacturer delivers the product’s service to the retailer in its network direct sales channel by cooperating with the retailer in the form of service cost sharing. …”
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Local Food Systems Supported by Communities Nationally and Internationally by Izabella Mária Bakos

“…Within this type of alternative local food systems, farmers and their buyers form a community based on social capital (co-operation, mutual trust and mutual responsibility), a direct sales channel, in such a way that cooperation is also beneficial to the producer and the consumer. …”
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What place for pastoral activities in the economic transformation of Vicdessos (Ariège Pyrenees)? by Pierre Dérioz, Maud Loireau, Philippe Bachimon, Églantine Cancel, David Clément

“…In addition, the increased direct sales of their products and the events they organize to enlighten people of their activities (fairs, transhumance celebrations) highlight their role – material as well as symbolic – in the territory’s development. …”
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Technology license agreements as public–private partnerships for economic development: evaluations using surveys, input–output modeling, and regression analysis by Eric D. Raile, Eric K. Austin, Michael P. Wallner, Jeffrey Peterson, Brian Lewandowski, Derek Kapps, Bridger Sellegren, Joe Hutton

“…We tallied approximately $32 billion in direct sales across 590 license agreements. While the majority of license agreements with sales belong to smaller companies (which often attract additional investment), some large companies generate higher revenues. …”
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Hervé Lanotte, Investissements publicitaires et choix contractuels d’approvisionnement : les clés d’une gouvernance « coopérative » dans la filière des vins de Champagne by Hervé Lanotte

“…We show that the grape growers’ restricted bargaining power and the limited residual effect of advertising on the market of grape growers' direct sales of champagne wine could lead them to put into question these long-term supply contracts.…”
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Marketing of Direct Selling of Agricultural Products by Zdenka Kádeková, Anton Kretter

“…Direct selling is more intensive in the companies selling fruit and vegetables, where the volume of direct sales reaches 10% to 15% share of sales. Although direct selling is the just additional distribution way, it is appropriate to choose a strategy that respects the manufacturing offer of the company and the economy of the sales. …”
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Leveraging ICT to Enable Value Addition and Comprehensive Value Chain Participation for Smallholder Farmers in Kigezi Region: A Case Study of Potato Growers by Byamukama Mpora, Eliab, Sunday,Arthur, Mugalul,George, Turyahebwa,Abanis, Kaaya, Siraj, Turyasingura, Benson, Nakero, Sarah

“…The findings reveal varying levels of ICT adoption across the Kigezi region and on value adding the study revealed increasing engagement in direct sales, which could foster stronger market linkages and improve profitability. …”
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Principles, barriers and enablers to agroecological animal production systems: a qualitative approach based on five case studies by B. Dumont, C. Barlagne, P. Cassart, J.E. Duval, A. Fanchone, J-L. Gourdine, O. Huguenin-Elie, Y. Kazakova, J. Klötzli, A. Lüscher, E. Oteros-Rozas, D. Pomies, M.G. Rivera Ferre, W.A.H. Rossing, V. Stefanova, A. Swartebroeckx, C. Zagaria

“…Market as an enabler was linked to direct sales and short distribution circuits, generating added value to the benefit of local communities. …”
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Comprehensive Evaluation of Chestnut Quality Based on Principal Component and Cluster Analysis by Yanqi YU, Mingyuan YANG, Chunmao LÜ, Shaoci BAI, Qunfang ZHANG, Chenyang ZOU, Han JIANG

“…The third group served as a high-quality food ingredient and the fourth group was best for frying and as a direct-sale nut. This study provides valuable insights for selecting superior resources and breeding high-quality chestnut varieties, while also laying a theoretical foundation for the comprehensive utilization of each type of chestnut.…”
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Microbiological Analysis Conducted on Raw Milk Collected During Official Sampling in Liguria (North-West Italy) over a Ten-Year Period (2014–2023) by Sara Antonia Chiarlone, Andrea Gori, Serena Ravetta, Andrea Armani, Lisa Guardone, Francesca Pedonese, Salvatore Bavetta, Caterina Fiannacca, Nicola Pussini, Cristiana Maurella, Elisabetta Razzuoli

“…In Italy, the sale of raw milk is allowed exclusively through direct sale from the producing farm to the final consumer, either at the producing farm itself or through vending machines. …”
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