Atypical Cogan's Syndrome by João Queirós, Sofia Maia, Mariana Seca, António Friande, Maria Araújo, Angelina Meireles

“…Cogan’s syndrome is a very rare disease with no specific biological tests for the diagnosis. The diagnostic exams are mostly important to exclude other etiologies. …”
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Spontaneous Ruptured Pyomyoma in a Nulligravid Female: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by S. Read, J. Mullins

“…Pyomyoma should be considered as a diagnosis in patients with sepsis, history of fibroids, and no other identifiable source of infection.…”
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Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A presenting as short stature and congenital hypothyroidism by Ragini Kondetimmanahalli, Jane Lynch, Gary Francis, Heather Gardner, Radhika Pillai

“…Short stature is a common complaint among pediatric visits and the differential diagnosis is extensive. Although some variations in growth are normal, deviation from normal growth is often the first symptom of chronic disease in children. …”
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Daptomycin-Induced Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia: Late Onset and Quick Recovery by Mohamad Rachid, Khansa Ahmad, Meghan Saunders-Kurban, Aelia Fatima, Aditya Shah, Anas Nahhas

“…Obtaining bronchoalveolar lavage or lung biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis. Timing of the drug use and clinical presentation is crucial in the diagnosis of drug-induced AEP. …”
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Gastric Linitis Plastica and Peritoneal Carcinomatosis as First Manifestations of Occult Breast Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review by Mara Mantiero, Giovanni Faggioni, Alice Menichetti, Matteo Fassan, Valentina Guarneri, Pierfranco Conte

“…The histological evaluation excluded the diagnosis of a primary gastric neoplasia. The IHC profile was consistent with the diagnosis of metastases from the breast cancer. …”
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Early Stroke Prediction Methods for Prevention of Strokes by Mandeep Kaur, Sachin R. Sakhare, Kirti Wanjale, Farzana Akter

“…Most of the literature work is based on the MRI and CT scan images for classifying the cardiovascular diseases including a stroke which is an expensive approach for diagnosis of early strokes. In India where cases of strokes are rising, there is a need to explore noninvasive cheap methods for the diagnosis of early strokes. …”
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Diagnostic utility of special stains in defining the spectrum of maxillofacial pathologies by Akshay Gupta, Ankita Tandon, Saurabh Juneja, Nikita Gulati, Devi Charan Shetty

“…The cytopathological diagnosis was compared with histopathological diagnosis based on H and E stained sections obtained from paraffin-embedded formalin-fixed biopsy specimen of benign and malignant neoplasms. …”
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When herpes zoster is not herpes: A case of statin-induced myopathy complicated by drug allergies by Hira Khalid Kareem, Muhammad Fawad Ashraf, Muhammad Shehryar, Hafsa Fayyaz, Shreyas Patil

“…The patient had a significant history of drug allergies, complicating the diagnosis, particularly following recent clindamycin treatment for a dental issue. …”
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Pituitary Stalk Germ Cell Tumors: Retrospective Case Series and Literature Review by Han Chen, Ming Ni, Yun Xu, Li-Yong Zhong

“…The causes of the delayed diagnosis of previous studies were mainly negative tumor markers and the initial pathological diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. …”
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Optic Nerve Sonography in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Pseudopapilledema and Raised Intracranial Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Study by Masoud Mehrpour, Fatemeh Oliaee Torshizi, Shooka Esmaeeli, Salameh Taghipour, Sahar Abdollahi

“…This was a cross-sectional study in which patients with optic nerve head swelling were referred for LP exam after optic nerve head swelling diagnosis confirmation and having normal brain imaging (CT scan). …”
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Factors in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Predicting the Needs for Insulin Therapy by Ya Zhang, Jiashen Shao, Feifei Li, Xianming Xu

“…The probability of insulin therapy can be estimated in pregnant women with GDM based on fasting and 2 h glucose values during OGTT and HbA1c value at diagnosis of GDM.…”
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Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Arising in Struma Ovarii by Surapan Khunamornpong, Jongkolnee Settakorn, Kornkanok Sukpan, Prapaporn Suprasert, Sumalee Siriaunkgul

“…The tumor showed a predominantly tubular pattern which raised a differential diagnosis between endometrioid adenocarcinoma and Sertoli cell tumor. …”
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Characterization of the geriatric patient with thyroid nodules by Jessica González Manreza, Gloría María Monné Rodríguez, Carlos Gaspar de Zayas Galván, Ángela Ramírez Torres, Erifran Hidalgo Garcés

“…Asthenia prevailed within the clinical manifestations. In the ultrasound diagnosis, level I prevailed, according to the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System.…”
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Hybrid deep learning approach for brain tumor classification using EfficientNetB0 and novel quantum genetic algorithm by Kerem Gencer, Gülcan Gencer

“…One of the most complex and life-threatening pathologies of the central nervous system is brain tumors. Correct diagnosis of these tumors plays an important role in determining the treatment plans of patients. …”
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Pilocytic astrocytoma: A rare case report by Harry Galuh Nugraha, PhD, Elsa Yoasta, MD, Mirna Sobana, MD, Hermin Aminah Usman, MD

“…Histopathologic analysis confirmed the diagnosis with the typical features of PA such as Rosenthal fibers and eosinophilic granular bodies. …”
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Primary Cutaneous Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Not Otherwise Specified: A Rapidly Progressive Variant of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma by Kimberly Aderhold, Lisa Carpenter, Krysta Brown, Anthony Donato

“…Multiple biopsies are often necessary to make the diagnosis. Physicians caring for patients with rapidly progressive, nonspecific dermatoses with features described above should keep more uncommon forms of CTCL in mind and refer for early biopsy.…”
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Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma as the Cause of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Celiac Disease: A Rare Malignancy in a Common Disease by Jaleh Fallah, Maxwell Eyram Afari, Alfredo C. Cordova, Adam J. Olszewski, Taro Minami

“…Discussion and Evaluation. Diagnosis of small bowel adenocarcinoma is often delayed because of the need for specialized modalities, which are often deferred in the inpatient setting. …”
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Occult Cranial Cervical Dislocation: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review by Joshua B. Shatsky, Timothy B. Alton, Carlo Bellabarba, Richard J. Bransford

“…Cranial cervical dislocation (CCD) is commonly a devastating injury. Delay in diagnosis has been found to lead to worse outcomes. …”
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Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracies of Various Endoscopic Examination Techniques for Evaluating the Invasion Depth of Colorectal Tumors by Satomi Haruki, Kiyonori Kobayashi, Kaoru Yokoyama, Miwa Sada, Wasaburo Koizumi

“…The accuracy of differential diagnosis was compared among the examination techniques. …”
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A Case of GATA3 Positive Pleomorphic Liposarcoma, Epithelioid Variant: A Diagnostic Pitfall by Makoto Abe, Nobuo Hoshi, Sayuri Hoshi, Kaoru Hirabayashi, Kazutaka Kikuta, Toru Hirozane, Rumi Nakagawa, Tsukasa Mizuno, Hiroshi Nakamura, Koichi Inoue, Takehiko Yamaguchi

“…Immunohistochemical panel is very important for differential diagnosis; however, there is a risk that unexpected staining could lead to misinterpretation. …”
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