Territory and Governance: the Arab Republic of Egypt between Two Historical Political Actors by Sarah Tonsy

“…Following the 2011 uprising in Egypt, problems linked to state centralization and governance have been demonstrated by the renewal of the political rivalry between the Muslim Brotherhood (MB) and Egyptian army. Promises of decentralization made by president Abdel Fatah El-Sissi in 2014 have not yet become part of the state’s political agenda. …”
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Une « Vision Mumbai » pour transformer la ville ou la difficulté à (re)penser la gouvernance métropolitaine by Marie-Hélène Zérah

“…In India, economic liberalization and decentralization create the conditions for the rise of cities. …”
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Design and application of blockchain pattern for credit information industry by Shuohang GUO, Ziqi SONG

“…Based on the current status of Chinese credit information system,expounding the problems arising from the traditional credit information system structure,a credit system structure based on blockchain technology and two data transaction pattern and the technical framework of the credit data trading platform was proposed,It has the characteristics of decentralization,safe and credible,collective maintenance,and untampering.And the process of data transaction were expounded.To explore the advantage of application of blockchain in the credit and information industry:promote credit data sharing,improve the quality of supervision of the credit and information industry,ensure the privacy of the information subject,effectively improve the dimension of credit information.…”
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Basic Views of School-Based Management Theory in Improving Education Quality by Lilik Aminah, Mukarromah

“…This is in line with the decentralization policy which encourages schools to make decisions in a transparent, accountable and participatory manner by involving school members such as principals, teachers, students, parents and the community.…”
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Exploration and Practice of Cloud Platform About Supporting Telecom Operators Intensive Management by Jingwei Yang, Lin Hu, Jinling Li, Zhiyong Liu

“…One solution was presented that telecom operators can achieve whole network resource intensive management by building centralized and unified cloud platform.Some problems were analyzed in detail and further resolved when bringing into and managing resource.The unified management,unified dispatch and unified presentation of resource by decentralization of authority and domain can be achieved,automatic opening of service by means of process connection can be achieved.The usage and use efficiency of monitored resource were also discussed combined with the actual application in cloud computer platform,which can provide evidence for intensive usage of resource.…”
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A Clinical Mentorship and Quality Improvement Program to Support Health Center Nurses Manage Type 2 Diabetes in Rural Rwanda by Aphrodis Ndayisaba, Emmanuel Harerimana, Ryan Borg, Ann C. Miller, Catherine M. Kirk, Katrina Hann, Lisa R. Hirschhorn, Anatole Manzi, Gedeon Ngoga, Symaque Dusabeyezu, Cadet Mutumbira, Tharcisse Mpunga, Patient Ngamije, Fulgence Nkikabahizi, Joel Mubiligi, Simon Pierre Niyonsenga, Charlotte Bavuma, Paul H. Park

“…Interventions are needed to support the decentralization of services to improve and expand access to care. …”
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Survey of Bitcoin de-anonymization technology by CHENG Jie, JIN Wei, XIA Qing, LI Miao, DAI Wei, ZHANG Yafeng, DAI Peng, LI Yucheng

“…The Bitcoin system, based on blockchain technology, features decentralization, borderlessness, and anonymity, drawing widespread attention from academia and industry. …”
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La décentralisation en Afrique de l’Ouest : une révolution dans les gouvernances locales ? by Jérôme Marie, Eric Idelman

“…Although territorial decentralization was already evoked straight after the independences, it was only really implemented in the 1990s, at the request of the peoples and international bodies. …”
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Dijon, « ville sur la Saône ». Frontières urbaines, réseaux d’eau potable et territoires de la ressource en eau by Sandrine Petit, Marie-Hélène Vergote, Emmanuel Dumont

“…Thanks to the hydraulic infrastructures, the city extended its borders and created a sovereignty over the communes of its periphery with which it traded water. Decentralization laws gave it new prerogatives over the sustainable management of watershed resources, a challenge to be met in the context of climate change. …”
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Les élections locales 2013 en Côte d’Ivoire : des malentendus subsistent sur l’exercice de la démocratie by Christian Bouquet, Irène Kassi-Djodjo

“…Fortunately, the issues were minimal due the fact that the decentralization is still largely virtual.…”
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A dinâmica de centralização e descentralização politica e administrativa e a revisão da malha territorial municipal da região norte do Brasil (1988 – 2010) by Gilberto de Miranda Rocha

“…The review of the political loop - administrative city in Brazil, would be related directly to multiple factors, among which include: changes in Brazilian political and institutional order, especially with regard to alternating periods of centralization and decentralization of political administration, the redistribution of population in the territory and the urbanization process. …”
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Methodology of organization and performance of fiscal inspection in Romania by HURLOIU Lăcrămioara, HURLOIU Iulian

“…Fiscal inspection is exercised on the basis of the principles of independence, uniqueness, autonomy, hierarchy, territoriality and decentralization. …”
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Internationalisation de la recherche et développement : quelles stratégies des constructeurs automobiles dans l’espace est-européen et méditerranéen ? by Nathalie Rodet-Kroichvili, Stéphane Heim, Raymond Woessner

“…The analysis shows that R&D remains an often centralized activity which can nevertheless come along with a decentralization of R&D downstream stages mainly in order to meet market needs and for cost considerations within this geographic area. …”
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A framework of trusted services management based on blockchain in social internet of things by Minghui ZHAO, Lu ZHANG, Jin QI

“…To cope with current problems of trusted services management in social internet of things (SIoT),such as high degree of centralization,non-transparent transactions,vulnerability and so on,a framework of trusted services management based on blockchain in SIoT was proposed.This framework established the trusted relationship between service requesters and service providers directly by using decentralization of blockchain,then it produced and managed new transactions through smart contracts to realize transparency and reduce the cost of management.At the same time,the consensus mechanism of blockchain could be used for verifying transactions and preventing malicious attacks in order to reduce network attacks and malicious node spoofing.Finally,the main challenges which the framework would face in actual constructions were analyzed.…”
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Survey on privacy preserving techniques for blockchain by Zonghui WANG, Shengli ZHANG, Shi JIN, Hui WANG

“…Blockchain is a kind of distributed ledger technology with the characteristics of decentralization,security reliability,tamper-proof and programmable.The open and transparent feature of the blockchain system has seriously threatened the transaction privacy of users,and the corresponding privacy problem solution is designed for different application scenarios.Firstly,the basic working principle of block chain technology was introduced,and typical privacy issues was introduced in blockchain,such as transaction privacy and account privacy.Secondly,the existing typical blockchain privacy protection schemes were divided into three types:mixed-coin technology,cryptography technology and secure channel technology,and presents a comprehensive and comprehensive introduction to this three privacy protection schemes; Finally,the blockchain data privacy protection technology was analyzed,the application and development on IoT security were prospeted.…”
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The impact of digital transformation on organizational structure and decision-making processes by Dabetić Arsenije

“…The main hypothesis is that digital transformation leads to the decentralization of decision-making and more agile organizational structures. …”
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FEATURES OF TAX SYSTEM IN CANADA by L. D. Efanova, T. A. Sukhacheva

“…Canada, unlike other developed countries, has a higher degree of decentralization, when, with a significant impact of federal authorities, the provinces play a significant role in the formation of the concept of the national economy. …”
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6G endogenous security:blockchain technology by Kaijun NIE, Bin CAO, Mugen PENG

“…With the development of mobile communication technology towards marginalization and distributed structure,the traditional network security method of external border protection will be faced with more and more challenges.The emerging network security accidents also show that it is necessary to grow self-adaptive,independent and self-growing security capabilities from the information system,that is,endogenous security.Blockchain,as a de-centralized shared ledger and database,has the characteristics of decentralization,immutability,leaving traces throughout,traceability,collective maintenance,openness and transparency,etc.…”
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Improved PSO algorithm based on swarm prematurely degree and nonlinear periodic oscillating strategy by Xi-hua ZHU, Ying-hui LI, Ning LI, Bing-kui FAN

“…The inertia weights were adjusted adaptively according to the swarm's premature convergence degree and the particles' fitnesses, and the nonlinear periodic oscillating strategy was used for the learning coefficients, which simulates the decentralization and regroup of the birds when they were foraging. …”
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Território e federação: a dimensão institucional da política regional da saúde no Rio Grande do Norte by Luciana da Costa Feitosa, Aldo Dantas

“…Although regionalization has been considered as the structuring axis of SUS since the 1988 Constitution, the vertical normative propositions of the national federated entity and its weak management consolidation in the state federal entity are reflections of the complex organizational structure of the Brazilian federation, which "empties" the locus of regional power while it oscillates between the centralization of the national scale and the decentralization of the municipal scale, generating obstacles for the execution of a territorial pact of health policy.…”
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