Are adverse childhood experiences scores associated with heroism or villainy? A quantitative observational study of Marvel and DC Cinematic Universe characters. by Julia Wigmore, Bilal Ahmed, Gabriel Joaquino, Elke Jaibeeh Barah, Zahra Upal, Teressa Boring, Marika Lee, Eron Muel, Samantha Perry, Sandra Davidson, Carla Ginn, Carla Ferreira, Twyla Ens, Jennifer Jackson

“…ACEs scores were evenly distributed across heroes/villains (U = 88, z = -.465, p = .642), Marvel/DC universes (U = 95.5, z = -0116, p = .907), and gender (U = 61, z = -.979, p = .328). …”
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