Sex-based differences in lung cancer susceptibility and molecular genetics in the 2020s by Berta Mosleh, Pavla Sarova, Sonja Zehetmayer, Felicitas Oberndorfer, Joachim Widder, Helmut Prosch, Marco Idzko, Clemens Aigner, Mir Alireza Hoda, Daniela Gompelmann

“…In general, the literature is controversial, and the large majority of the investigations may not provide evidence from the last decade. …”
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Comparison of the Effectiveness of Warmed Versus Room Temperature Intravenous Fluids Administration to Prevent Intraoperative Heat Loss in Anaesthetised Calves Undergoing Umbilical... by Sitkican Okur, Latif Emrah Yanmaz, Mumin Gökhan Senocak, Ayse Golgeli, Ferda Turgut, Omer Tarik Orhun, Yakup Kocaman, Ugur Ersoz

“…ABSTRACT Background Warmed intravenous (IV) fluids administration to prevent hypothermia provide controversial results in humans, cats and dogs, but its effect on calves is unknown. …”
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Prognostic Role of Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Different BCLC Stages: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Wan-fu Lin, Mao-feng Zhong, Yu-ren Zhang, Huan Wang, He-tong Zhao, Bin-bin Cheng, Chang-quan Ling

“…The role of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with different Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the efficacy of PLR on HCC prognosis. …”
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Oral Breathing Effects on Malocclusions and Mandibular Posture: Complex Consequences on Dentofacial Development in Pediatric Orthodontics by Dana Feștilă, Cristina Dora Ciobotaru, Tudor Suciu, Cristian Doru Olteanu, Mircea Ghergie

“…Despite extensive research, the role of oral breathing in the development of malocclusion remains controversial, with debates on whether it is a causative factor or a secondary adaptation to existing craniofacial issues. …”
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Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) Fatty Rat, a Novel Animal Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Shows Blunted Circadian Rhythms and Melatonin Secretion by Katsuya Sakimura, Tatsuya Maekawa, Shin-ichi Kume, Takeshi Ohta

“…However, the changes in the circadian rhythms of plasma soluble substances, including melatonin, in diabetic animals are controversial. In the present study, we investigated the circadian rhythms of spontaneous locomotor activity, metabolic parameters (plasma glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol), and plasma melatonin concentrations in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats, a novel animal model of type 2 DM. …”
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Can Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Microvessel Density Be Used as Prognostic Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Yibaina Wang, Xiaoping Yao, Jie Ge, Fulan Hu, Yashuang Zhao

“…Whether they can be used as prognostic indicators of colorectal cancer (CRC) is still controversial. Methods. The authors performed a meta-analysis using the results of a literature search of databases of PubMed and EMBASE, and the references of articles included in the analysis. …”
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TREM2 promotes the formation of a tumor-supportive microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma by Hanrui Guo, Meiling Wang, Caiya Ni, Chun Yang, Chunxue Fu, Xiaoman Zhang, Xueling Chen, Xiangwei Wu, Jun Hou, Lianghai Wang

“…However, its function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the role of TREM2 in the tumor microenvironment in the context of HCC progression. …”
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The Dose Makes the Poison: Sugar and Obesity in the United States – a Review by Samir Faruque, Janice Tong, Vuk Lacmanovic, Christiana Agbonghae, Dulce M Minaya, Krzysztof Czaja

“…However, the impact of sugar consumption on weight gain and body fat accumulation remains a controversial topic. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide basic framework information about the prevalence of obesity and sugar consumption in the US over the last five decades. …”
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Timing of Tracheotomy in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Morbidly Obese Patients by Ahmad Alhajhusain, Ailia W. Ali, Asif Najmuddin, Kashif Hussain, Masooma Aqeel, Ali A. El-Solh

“…The optimal timing of tracheotomy and its impact on weaning from mechanical ventilation in critically ill morbidly obese patients remain controversial. Methods. We conducted a retrospective chart review of morbidly obese subjects (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 or BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 and one or more comorbid conditions) who underwent a tracheotomy between July 2008 and June 2013 at a medical intensive care unit (ICU). …”
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The Effect of Combination Therapy with Rituximab and Intravenous Immunoglobulin on the Progression of Chronic Antibody Mediated Rejection in Renal Transplant Recipients by Gun Hee An, Jintak Yun, Yu Ah Hong, Marina Khvan, Byung Ha Chung, Bum Soon Choi, Cheol Whee Park, Yeong Jin Choi, Yong-Soo Kim, Chul Woo Yang

“…The treatment for chronic active antibody-mediated rejection (CAMR) remains controversial. We investigated the efficacy of rituximab (RTX) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for CAMR. …”
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Protective effect of quercetin loaded on bifunctional periodic mesoporous organosilica against damage induced by irradiation on the male reproductive system by S. F. Mirtaheri, S. N. Mousavi, Z. Abdi, E. Hosseini, M. S. Seyed Dorraji, F. Kabiri Esfahani, M. Gholami

“…Supplementation with antioxidants is a controversial issue in this process. Designing a biocompatible delivery system containing hydrophobic antioxidants to release control may solve these disagreements. …”
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State-dependent inter-network functional connectivity development in neonatal brain from the developing human connectome project by Zhiyong Zhao, Ruolin Li, Yihan Wu, Mingyang Li, Dan Wu

“…Although recent studies have consistently reported the emergence of resting-state networks in early infancy, the changes in inter-network functional connectivity with age are controversial and the alterations in its dynamics remain unclear at this stage. …”
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Adjuvant treatments for locally advanced differentiated thyroid cancer: a nationwide survey in Japan by Terufumi Kawamoto, Koichi Yasuda, Yoshinori Ito, Sadamoto Zenda, Katsuyuki Sakanaka, Naoto Shikama, Naoki Nakamura, Takashi Mizowaki

“…The role of adjuvant external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for locally advanced differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is controversial because of the lack of prospective data. …”
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CYP2C19 polymorphism and coronary in-stent restenosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations] by Ivana Purnama Dewi, Irawan Yusuf, Agussalim Bukhari, Muzakkir Amir, Vitriyaturrida ., Yusra Pintaningrum, Idar Mappangara, Hendy Bhaskara Perdana Putra

“…The association between the CYP2C19 loss of function (LOF) gene and the prevalence of ISR after coronary stenting remains controversial. Previous studies have produced conflicting results and have been limited by their small population sizes. …”
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Decreased Frequencies of Th17 and Tc17 Cells in Patients Infected with Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Virus by Jiaqi Bao, Dawei Cui, Xiaochen Wang, Qianda Zou, Dejian Zhao, Shufa Zheng, Fei Yu, Li Huang, Yuejiao Dong, Xianzhi Yang, Guoliang Xie, Weizhen Chen, Yu Chen

“…Although interleukin-17- (IL-17-) secreting CD4+ T (Th17) and CD8+ T (Tc17) cells have been proven to play crucial roles in influenza virus infection, the changes and roles of Th17 and Tc17 cells in immune responses to H7N9 infection remain controversial. In this study, we found that the frequencies of Th17 and Tc17 cells among human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as well as IL-17A protein and mRNA levels were markedly decreased in patients with acute H7N9 virus infection. …”
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Efficacy and safety of topical versus intravenous tranexamic acid in spinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Chengxin Xie, Liwei Zhang, Guoping Cai, Yongwei Su, Peng Wang, Hua Luo

“…Abstract Background The relative efficacies of topical and intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) in spinal surgery remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of topical versus intravenous TXA in spinal surgery, with a particular focus on the impacts on intraoperative blood loss (IBL) and associated outcomes. …”
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Prognostic Value of Invasion, Markers of Proliferation, and Classification of Giant Pituitary Tumors, in a Georeferred Cohort in Brazil of 50 Patients, with a Long-Term Postoperati... by Juliano Coelho de Oliveira Zakir, Luiz Augusto Casulari, José Wilson Corrêa Rosa, João Willy Corrêa Rosa, Paulo Andrade de Mello, Albino Verçosa de Magalhães, Luciana Ansaneli Naves

“…Although some pituitary adenomas may have an aggressive behavior, the vast majority are benign. There are still controversies about predictive factors regarding the biological behavior of these particular tumors. …”
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Activation of MEK1/2/Nrf-2 Signaling Pathway by Epstein-Barr Virus-Latent Membrane Protein 1 Enhances Autophagy and Cisplatin Resistance in T-Cell Lymphoma by Xintao Jia, Qiuyu He, Mei Zeng, Yuhua Chen, Yan Liu

“…Epstein-Barr virus-latent membrane protein 1 (EBV-LMP1) was associated with lymphoma, but its specific mechanism is still controversial. The study is aimed at studying the regulation of lymphoma resistance by EBV-LMP1 through the MEK1/2/Nrf-2 signaling pathway. …”
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HLA-G Expression on Blasts and Tolerogenic Cells in Patients Affected by Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Grazia Locafaro, Giada Amodio, Daniela Tomasoni, Cristina Tresoldi, Fabio Ciceri, Silvia Gregori

“…However, the role of HLA-G expression and functions in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is still controversial. Our group identified a subset of tolerogenic dendritic cells, DC-10 that express HLA-G and secrete IL-10. …”
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Sexual Dimorphism for the Association between Vitamin D and Insulin Resistance in Chinese People by Bing Han, Qin Li, Ningjian Wang, Yi Chen, Chunfang Zhu, Yingchao Chen, Fangzhen Xia, Zhen Cang, Meng Lu, Ying Meng, Chi Chen, Yingli Lu

“…The relationship between vitamin D and insulin resistance is still controversial. Many factors could influence this relationship. …”
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