A Critical Review of the Roles and Functions of Traditional Leaders by Nkareng Klaas-Makolomakwe, Tanusha Raniga

“… The epitome of pre-colonial African history and culture is embedded within the institution of traditional leadership. …”
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Nationalité, internationalisme et visée coloniale dans les mandats français (1920-1946) by Philippe Bourmaud

“…Indeed, mandate national status came gradually to be seen by colonial subjects as a fig leaves for demographic experiments under League of Nations cover.…”
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The Subaltern and Failed Existential Resistance in Idrus’s Short Story “Kisah Sebuah Celana Pendek” by Isnan Waluyo, Muhammad Rizal, David D. Perrodin

“…The findings of this analysis reveal that there is resistance against colonial hegemonic power, as represented by Kusno, who stands as a figure of the subaltern. …”
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Functions and roles of representative bodies in the state administration system (critical analysis of the journey of democracy in Indonesia) by Firman Freaddy Busroh

“…The DPR has existed since the Dutch colonial era, although it was abolished during the Japanese colonial period. …”
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Multi-constraints QoS routing optimization based on improved immune clonal shuffled frog leaping algorithm by Yi LU, Mengying XU, Jie ZHOU

“…Aiming at the multi-constraint routing problem,a mathematical model was designed,and an improved immune clonal shuffled frog leaping algorithm (IICSFLA) was proposed,which combined immune operator with traditional SFLA.Under the constraints of bandwidth,delay,packet loss rate,delay jitter and energy cost,total energy cost from the source node to the terminal node was computed.The proposed algorithm was used to find an optimal route with minimum energy cost.In the simulation,the performance of IICSFLA with adaptive genetic algorithm and adaptive ant colony optimization algorithm was compared.Experimental results show that IICSFLA solves the problem of multi-constraints QoS unicast routing optimization.The proposed algorithm avoids local optimum and effectively reduces energy loss of data on the transmission path in comparison with adaptive genetic algorithm and adaptive ant colony optimization algorithm.…”
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A Mathematical Modeling and an Optimization Algorithm for Marine Ship Route Planning by Lili Huang

“…Based on the mathematical model, the ant colony algorithm is used to optimize the initial route of the ship. …”
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Visages du Brésil méridional : l´immigration polonaise et italienne au Paraná entre la fin du XIXe et le début du XXe siècle by Márcio de Oliveira

“…The variety was such that creating a colony of the Republic of Poland in Paraná was even considered and discussed about. …”
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Maître ou esclave ? Jazz, ragtime et cake walk en Allemagne avant et après la Première Guerre mondiale by Pascale Cohen-Avenel

“…The novelty is rather geopolitical: in 1903, Wilhelm II’s Reich is a major colonial power, whose economic domination is about to outgrow the British Empire. …”
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From Stone to Seed: Objects and Counter-memory Activism in Brazil amidst Anticolonial Demonumentalizations by Lilian Gomes

“…Initially, it focuses on statues symbolizing colonial and traumatic pasts, notably the Borba Gato statue in São Paulo, dedicated to a colonial explorer. …”
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Teaching how to critically read Indo-Caribbean bodies in nineteenth-century postcards by Rupa Pillai

“…From learning the history of indenture in the Caribbean to looking at similar colonial representations from the South Asian subcontinent, the students better appreciate how colonial ideologies of race, gender and progress are produced and reinforced through the visual.…”
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Design of automatic routing algorithm based on overlapping hierarchical induction by Jianhong ZHENG, Heyun CHEN, Pengguang ZHOU, Hao XU

“…Aiming at the problem of impulse noise with large amplitude fluctuation and strong time-varying characteristics,which seriously affected the communication performance of power carrier network,the power line network topology and the classical routing algorithm of power line carrier communication were analyzed,and on this basis,an algorithm of overlapping hierarchical induction algorithm (OHIA) was proposed,which proved the feasibility of the algorithm and gave the inductive factor transfer algorithm,route addressing process and forecast based route maintenance strategy.Through the NS-3 simulation platform to establish the PLC model,respectively,ant colony algorithm and overlapping layer induced PLC automatic routing algorithm were simulated.The simulation results show that compared with the ant colony algorithm,the proposed algorithm improves the success rate of the first communication in the strong time-varying channel environment,and makes great progress in the large-scale networking of PLC.…”
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The critique of Gikuyu religion and culture in S.N. Ngubiah's A Curse from God by F. Hale

“… The relationship between missionary Christianity and traditional African cultures was a prominent theme in post-colonial literature during and for many years after the era of decolonisation. …”
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Le Guyana: "Land of Six Peoples" ou "One People, One Nation" ? by Léna Loza

“…Indians and Blacks, who were both subject to colonial power, have indeed developed antagonistic relationships. …”
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El saqueo a la historia by Horacio Caride Bartrons

“… Sir Banister Fletcher: pillar to post-colonial readings. McKean, John. The Journal of Architecture, 11(2), Londres, Gran Bretaña: Routledge, the Royal Institute of British Architects, 2006, pp. 187-201. …”
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Promotive effect of cancer-testis antigen CT57 on proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of liver cancer cells by LUO Lange, ZHENG Chao, LEI Ming

“…CCK-8 cell proliferation assay, soft agar colony formation assay and cell cycle experiment were used to detect the effect of CT57 on the proliferation and colony formation ability of liver cancer cells. …”
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Evaluating the Impact of Commonly Used Pesticides on Honeybees (Apis mellifera) in North Gonder of Amhara Region, Ethiopia by Zewdie Abay, Amssalu Bezabeh, Alemayehu Gela, Asaminew Tassew

“…Global honeybee losses and colony decline are becoming continuous threat to the apicultural industry, as well as, for food security and environmental stability. …”
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Black Orpheus by Hlonipha Mokoena

“…It is therefore timely that we excavate the archives of anti-colonial art and literary movements and journals whose sole impetus for existence was to ensure that the ideals of African Nationalism and Pan-Africanism would be realised in the world of cultural production. …”
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Research on the related between microstructures and impact toughness of Ti80 alloy by Bin Hu, Jinyang Ge, Junyang He, Bin Kong, Xiaoyong Zhang, Kechao Zhou

“…Note that the interstitial β-phase in the αl colony in ECL offered new α/β interfaces and prevented dislocation mobility to a certain extent. …”
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Crimean-Ottoman Factor in the Socio-Cultural System of Russia in Early Modern Times by T. V. Chernikova

“…At the same time, it not only did not share the fate of many eastern powers with a traditional way, which turned into the 17th-19th centuries in the colony and semi-colony, but also, on the contrary, it led a successful colonial expansion and demonstrated externally the almost synchronous trends in state building that were inherent in the Western European countries.The author believes that the patrimonial structure of the sociocultural system of the Russian state in the 15-17 centuries contributed to the mobilization of internal material and human resources, coupled with an early superficial “Europeanization” (regular borrowing the military, technical, and cultural experience of modernizing Western Europe), ensured Russia's competitiveness in the world. …”
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Pyrogallol acts as a novel anticancer factor to enhance the sensitivity to cisplatin in ovarian cancer cells through inducing miR-15a upregulation by Azin Shirani, Razieh Mirabbasi, Leila Shabani, Somayeh Reiisi

“…The effects of the compounds in inhibiting colony formation and migration were measured by colony formation and scratch methods. …”
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