Selection of the appropriate design in biomedical research: foundations and considerations for evidence-based practice. Part I by Raúl Aguilera Eguía, Ángel Roco Videla, Olga Patricia López Soto, Brenda Herrera Serna, Georgiy Polevoy Polevoy, Héctor Fuentes Barria

“…Research designs can be classified as primary, such as randomized clinical trials, or secondary, such as reviews. They are also divided into experimental, which evaluate interventions, and observational, which simply observe without intervening. …”
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Efficacy of the herbal preparation STW 5 in multi-target therapy of functional dyspepsia by A. A. Sheptulin, V. O. Kaybysheva

“…Mechanism of action includes effect on motility of the stomach and intestine, visceral sensitivity along with anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects. Controlled clinical trials have confirmed high efficacy of Iberogast® at treatment of FD (including pediatric practice) as well as good tolerability of the drug.Conclusion. …”
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New Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis may Rise from the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway and Antinociceptive Pathway by Xiao Hua Pan, Jianxin Zhang, Xiaowei Yu, Ling Qin, Ligeng Kang, Peng Zhang

“…More preclinical experiments and clinical trials are required to confirm our viewpoint.…”
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Pharmacological class effects of anticancer drugs: opportunities for decreasing healthcare spending by Gregory R Pond, Ian F Tannock, Daniel A Goldstein, Leonard B Saltz

“…Here, we review evidence from clinical trials that supports the existence of class effects for several types of anticancer drugs. …”
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Prevention and Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Transplant Recipients by Jutta K Preiksatis

“…Strategies for preventing CMV infection, including donorrecipient matching, the use of CMV 'safe' cellular blood products, passive and active immunization, and prophylactic antiviral drugs are discussed. Clinical trials of antiviral drugs alone. or in combination with immunoglobulin for the treatment of CMV disease are reviewed.…”
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Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease: Navigating the Evidence by F. M. Tedla, A. Brar, R. Browne, C. Brown

“…Evidence from numerous clinical trials has demonstrated the benefit of blood pressure control. …”
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Transfusion Thresholds, Quality of Life, and Current Approaches in Myelodysplastic Syndromes by Ioannis Koutsavlis

“…Fatigue is the main reported symptom in this group of patients and current clinical trials are looking for a more liberal approach of red cell transfusion and the effect on quality of life as opposed to the restrictive strategy used in the critical care setting. …”
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New specific migraine prevention: monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide and its receptor by K. Ryliškienė, D. Jatužis, A. Vaitkus

“…During the last decade, blocking calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has emerged as a possible mechanism for preventing migraine attacks, and monoclonal antibodies against CGRP and its receptor for the specific migraine prophylaxis have been developed. Results of clinical trials, safety and tolerability of the new class of drugs as well as guidelines for their use for the prevention of migraine are presented in this review article. …”
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Qualitative evaluation of the Rehabilitation Exercise and psycholoGical support After COVID-19 InfectioN (REGAIN) randomised controlled trial (RCT): ‘you are not alone’ by Gordon McGregor, Susanne Finnegan, Martin Underwood, Joyce Yeung, James Mason, Peter Heine, Nigel Edwards, Julie Bruce, Kate Seers, Harbinder Kaur Sandhu, Helen Atherton, Sharisse Alleyne, Katie Booth, Ranjit Lall, Vivien P Nichols, Stuart Ennis, Scott McGuire, Rachel Potter, Jessica Smith, Chen Ji, Shilpa Patel, Henry Nwankwo, Kate Evans, Susie Hennings, Alastair Canaway, Grace Lobley, David Mcwilliams, Christina Jones, Emma Padfield, David Montgomery, Beatriz Lara, Becky Haley, Francesca Denton, Bartholomew Sheehan, Mariam Ratna, Elaine Fairbrother, Zoe Noakes, Bogdan Zutic, Lee Austin, Tom Forsyth, Anne Bush, Alan Bush, Patrick Sawdon, Jonathon Prosser, Lee Tompkins, Jonathon Guck, Danielle Hale, Juwairia Said, Georgie Ray, Rowena Williams, Gail Evans, Thillini Hettiarachchi, Abeesh Panicker

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Duration of External Neck Stabilisation (DENS) following odontoid fracture in older or frail adults: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of collar versus no collar by John Norrie, Julie Woodfield, David J Lowe, Paul M Brennan, Catriona Keerie, Julia Lawton, Matthew J Reed, Andrew Stoddart, Julia Boyd, Helen Eborall, Gina Cranswick, James Tomlinson, Polly L Black, Sadaquate Khan, Patrick Statham, Ellie Edlmann, Phillip Correia Copley, Angela Niven, Susan Deborah Shenkin

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Multicentre adaptive randomised trial of GvHD prophylaxis following unrelated donor stem cell transplantation comparing Thymoglobulin versus calcineurin inhibitor-based or sirolimu... by Simon Gates, Matthew Collin, Victoria Potter, Rebecca Bishop, Ronjon Chakraverty, Kavita Raj, Adrian Bloor, Andrea Hodgkinson, Jeff Davies, Emma Kempshall, Fiona Dignan, Ram Malladi, Siobhan Smith, Charlotte Gaskell, Gabrielle Smith

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Antenatal pelvic floor muscle exercise intervention led by midwives in England to reduce postnatal urinary incontinence: APPEAL feasibility and pilot randomised controlled cluster... by Karla Hemming, Jonathan Bishop, Sarah Dean, Jean Hay-Smith, Tim Coleman, Elizabeth Edwards, Christine MacArthur, Debra Bick, Mark Pearson, Rohini Terry, Eivor Oborn, Sara Webb, Eleni Gkini, Victoria Salmon, Ellie Jones, Helena Frawley

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Erratum to “Unexpected High Response Rate to Traditional Therapy after Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine in Advanced Melanoma: Update of Clinical Outcome and Subgroup Analysis” by Laura Ridolfi, Massimiliano Petrini, Laura Fiammenghi, Anna Maria Granato, Valentina Ancarani, Elena Pancisi, Emanuela Scarpi, Massimo Guidoboni, Giuseppe Migliori, Stefano Sanna, Francesca Tauceri, Giorgio Maria Verdecchia, Angela Riccobon, Linda Valmorri, Ruggero Ridolfi

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A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of Medications in the Treatment of Chronic Idiopathic Constipation in Japan by Atsushi Nakajima, Ayako Shoji, Kinya Kokubo, Ataru Igarashi

“…The present systematic review and meta-analyses included 1460 patients in 6 randomized clinical trials: 2 on linaclotide, 3 on elobixibat, 2 on lubiprostone, and 1 on lactulose. …”
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Saudi urologists’ treatment pattern for high-risk Bacillus Calmette–Guérin naïve and Bacillus Calmette–Guérin unresponsive nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer by Mohammad Alghafees, Mohamad Abou Chakra, Abdullah Alkhayal, Mohamad Moussa, Mohammad Alkhamees, Bader Alsaikhan, Ahmed Alasker, Abdulrahman Alsayyari, Abdullah Alsaghyir, Ali Alkahtani, Michael A. O'Donnell

“…To properly select treatment for this condition, there is an urgent need to implement initiatives to open clinical trials and provide guideline-based protocols to Saudi Arabia and throughout the Arab world.…”
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Physical activity for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis by Ole Jakob Storebø, Marie-Louise Jensen, Merete Bender Bjerrum, Marianne Vamosi

“…These reviews, for example, included both randomised and non-randomised clinical trials or had restrictions regarding the frequency and intensity of the physical activity interventions they included. …”
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Exploring the development, evaluation and implementation of complex health interventions to prevent early childhood caries in preschool children: A scoping review protocol. by Peggy C J M van Spreuwel, Milou L C Munk-Overkamp, Linda C Smit, Kirsten A Ziesemer, Cor van Loveren, Geert J M G van der Heijden, Josef J M Bruers, Katarina Jerković-Ćosić

“…<h4>Inclusion criteria</h4>This scoping review will consider clinical trials reporting CHI's to prevent ECC that starts during pregnancy or in the first year of life. …”
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Effect of Statins on Serum level of hs-CRP and CRP in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials by Tahmineh Kandelouei, Mitra Abbasifard, Danyal Imani, Saeed Aslani, Bahman Razi, Mahdieh Fasihi, Sajad Shafiekhani, Keyhan Mohammadi, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Željko Reiner, Amirhossein Sahebkar

“…Nevertheless, results of clinical trials concerning the effect of statins on the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) have been inconsistent. …”
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Preoperative smoking cessation interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Mohammed Alsanad, Mohammed Aljanoubi, Faraj K. Alenezi, Amanda Farley, Babu Naidu, Joyce Yeung

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A comprehensive review of remimazolam for sedation by Nazir Noor, Rhorer Legendre, Alexandra Cloutet, Ahish Chitneni, Giustino Varrassi, Alan D. Kaye

“…However, further large clinical trials will provide us with a better understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of remimazolam.…”
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