Effect of Different Warm Dense-sparse Waves on Cartilage Pathological Changes of Knee Osteoarthritis by Munan LIN, Xihai LI, Yanhong LIN, Yeqing LIN, Qinghong LIU, Jie GAO, Dehua ZENG, Dongzhong KE

“…The pathological changes of cartilage cell morphology and cell organelles in microwave control group, the dense-sparse waves 1∶1 mode group, and the dense-sparse waves 2∶1 pattern group were better than that in the model group (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01), but worse than that in the dense-sparse waves 1∶2 model group (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05).Conclusion:Warm dense-sparse waves of different wave band can delay the degeneration of knee osteoarthritis chondrocytes and cartilage matrix, and the dense-sparse waves 1∶2 pattern has more obvious effect.…”
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Current Perspectives in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies for Osteoarthritis by Baldur Kristjánsson, Sittisak Honsawek

“…MSCs are capable of differentiating into osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. Autologous MSCs can be easily harvested and applied in treatment, but allogenic cells can also be employed. …”
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The Holy Grail of Orthopedic Surgery: Mesenchymal Stem Cells—Their Current Uses and Potential Applications by Roberto Berebichez-Fridman, Ricardo Gómez-García, Julio Granados-Montiel, Enrique Berebichez-Fastlicht, Anell Olivos-Meza, Julio Granados, Cristina Velasquillo, Clemente Ibarra

“…They can differentiate into multiple cell types of the mesenchyme, for example, endothelial cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, tenocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, and sarcomere muscular cells. …”
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Genetic Manipulation of Calcium Release-Activated Calcium Channel 1 Modulates the Multipotency of Human Cartilage-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Shuang Liu, Minae Takahashi, Takeshi Kiyoi, Kensuke Toyama, Masaki Mogi

“…CRAC-modified MSCs had distinct differentiation fates to adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. To aid in the clinical implementation of tissue engineering strategies for joint regeneration, these data may allow us to identify prospective factors for effective treatments and could maximize the therapeutic potential of MSC-based transplantation.…”
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Osteoarthritis-like changes in rat temporomandibular joint induced by unilateral anterior large overjet treatment by Xinru Xie, Rui Chao, Yi Mao, Tianhao Wan, Yexin Wang, Yan Zhu, Weifeng Xu, Xuzhuo Chen, Yong Wang, Zhigui Ma, Shanyong Zhang

“…Furthermore, RNA sequencing of condylar cartilages revealed that the oxidative stress of chondrocytes was elevated under the UALO-triggered abnormal mechanical stress. …”
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Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate-Enhanced Marrow Stimulation of Chondral Defects by Henning Madry, Liang Gao, Hermann Eichler, Patrick Orth, Magali Cucchiarini

“…Mobilized pluripotent MSCs from the subchondral bone migrate into the defect filled with the clot, differentiate into chondrocytes and osteoblasts, and form a repair tissue over time. …”
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Renal Fibrosis: The Flame of Cytotherapy by Quan Zhuang, Ruoyu Ma, Yanshuang Yin, Tianhao Lan, Meng Yu, Yingzi Ming

“…MSCs are pluripotent adult stem cells that can differentiate into various types of tissue lineages, such as the cartilage (chondrocytes), bone (osteoblasts), fat (adipocytes), and muscle (myocytes). …”
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Combating Osteoarthritis through Stem Cell Therapies by Rejuvenating Cartilage: A Review by Navneet Kumar Dubey, Viraj Krishna Mishra, Rajni Dubey, Shabbir Syed-Abdul, Joseph R. Wang, Peter D. Wang, Win-Ping Deng

“…The poor self-healing ability of articular cartilage due to limited regeneration in chondrocytes further adversely affects the osteoarthritic microenvironment. …”
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Stem Cells for Cartilage Repair: Preclinical Studies and Insights in Translational Animal Models and Outcome Measures by Melissa Lo Monaco, Greet Merckx, Jessica Ratajczak, Pascal Gervois, Petra Hilkens, Peter Clegg, Annelies Bronckaers, Jean-Michel Vandeweerd, Ivo Lambrichts

“…Due to the restricted intrinsic capacity of resident chondrocytes to regenerate the lost cartilage postinjury, stem cell-based therapies have been proposed as a novel therapeutic approach for cartilage repair. …”
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Articular Cartilage Repair Using Marrow Stimulation Augmented with a Viable Chondral Allograft: 9-Month Postoperative Histological Evaluation by James K. Hoffman, Sandra Geraghty, Nicole M. Protzman

“…The chondral allograft is comprised of native viable chondrocytes, chondrogenic growth factors, and extracellular matrix proteins within the superficial, transitional, and radial zones of hyaline cartilage. …”
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High paracrine activity of hADSCs cartilage microtissues inhibits extracellular matrix degradation and promotes cartilage regeneration by Wei Liu, Hongyu Jiang, Jiajie Chen, Yue Tian, Ying He, Ying Jiao, Yanjun Guan, Zhibo Jia, Yanbin Wu, Cheng Huang, Yiben Ouyang, Wenjing Xu, Jianhong Qi, Jiang Peng, Aiyuan Wang

“…Finally, the protective effect of microtissues on inflammatory chondrocytes was validated. Overall, the ADSCs-MT constructed in this study achieved excellent cartilage regeneration and could be promising for the autologous application of cartilage microtissues.…”
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A 3D Porous Gelatin-Alginate-Based-IPN Acts as an Efficient Promoter of Chondrogenesis from Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by Sorina Dinescu, Bianca Galateanu, Eugen Radu, Anca Hermenean, Adriana Lungu, Izabela Cristina Stancu, Dana Jianu, Tudorita Tumbar, Marieta Costache

“…These data suggest that our G-A-PAA structural properties and formulation might enable hADSCs conversion towards functional chondrocytes. We conclude that our novel G-A-PAA biomatrix is a good candidate for prospective in vivo CTE applications.…”
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Different Chondrogenic Potential among Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Diverse Origin Primary Cells by Yeri Alice Rim, Yoojun Nam, Narae Park, Hyerin Jung, Yeonsue Jang, Jennifer Lee, Ji Hyeon Ju

“…The differentiation of hiPSCs into chondrocytes may help develop “cartilage in a dish” in the future. …”
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Mechanism of Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction to Promote BMSCs Homing and Protect Articular Cartilage in Mice by the SDF-1/CXCR4 Axis by HUANG Yanfeng, MA Dezun, FU Changlong, YE Jinxia, HUANG Yunmei, LI Xihai

“…The fluorescence intensity of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in each group was observed by confocal laser microscope. mRNA transcription level of homing-related regulatory factors were detected by qPCR.Results(1) In the animal experiment, the joint histomorphologic findings (micro-CT and hematoxylin-eosin staining) showed that compared with the sham group, there was a circular defect between the femoral condyles, with cortical separation and loss of chondrocytes in the model group (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05); compared with the model group, the annular defect between the femoral condyles was improved and the arrangement of chondrocytes was slightly disordered in the BZD group. …”
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Long-Term Cultured Human Term Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Maternal Origin Displays Plasticity by Vikram Sabapathy, Saranya Ravi, Vivi Srivastava, Alok Srivastava, Sanjay Kumar

“…Pluripotency of the cultured MSCs was assessed by in vitro differentiation towards not only intralineage cells like adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes, and myotubules cells but also translineage differentiated towards pancreatic progenitor cells, neural cells, and retinal cells displaying plasticity. …”
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Tendon-Derived Stem Cell Differentiation in the Degenerative Tendon Microenvironment by Chang Liu, Jing-wan Luo, Ke-ke Zhang, Long-xiang Lin, Ting Liang, Zong-ping Luo, Yong-qing Zhuang, Yu-long Sun

“…However, it is uncertain how TDSCs differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, or osteocytes in the degenerative microenvironment of tendinopathy. …”
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Human Amniotic Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Second- and Third-Trimester Amniocentesis: Differentiation Potential, Molecular Signature, and Proteome Analysis by Jurate Savickiene, Grazina Treigyte, Sandra Baronaite, Giedre Valiuliene, Algirdas Kaupinis, Mindaugas Valius, Audrone Arlauskiene, Ruta Navakauskiene

“…AF-MSCs differentiated into adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes, myocytes, and neuronal cells, as determined by morphological changes, cell staining, and RT-qPCR showing the tissue-specific gene presence for differentiated cell lineages. …”
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Research Progress on Stem Cell Therapies for Articular Cartilage Regeneration by Shuangpeng Jiang, Guangzhao Tian, Xu Li, Zhen Yang, Fuxin Wang, Zhuang Tian, Bo Huang, Fu Wei, Kangkang Zha, Zhiqiang Sun, Xiang Sui, Shuyun Liu, Weimin Guo, Quanyi Guo

“…In terms of theories on the mechanism, it was thought that stem cell-mediated articular cartilage regeneration was achieved through the directional differentiation of stem cells into chondrocytes. However, recent evidence has shown that the stem cell secretome plays an important role in biological processes such as the immune response, inflammation regulation, and drug delivery. …”
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Human Suprapatellar Fat Pad-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Chondrogenesis and Cartilage Repair in a Model of Severe Osteoarthritis by Ignacio Muñoz-Criado, Jose Meseguer-Ripolles, Maravillas Mellado-López, Ana Alastrue-Agudo, Richard J Griffeth, Jerónimo Forteza-Vila, Ramón Cugat, Montserrat García, Victoria Moreno-Manzano

“…Both the suprapatellar- and infrapatellar-derived ASC were differentiated in vitro into mature adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. However, the suprapatellar-derived ASC showed higher osteogenic and chondrogenic efficiency. …”
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Digital light processing printing of non-modified protein-only compositions by Ayelet Bunin, Orit Harari-Steinberg, Doron Kam, Tatyana Kuperman, Moran Friedman-Gohas, Bruria Shalmon, Liraz Larush, Shay I. Duvdevani, Shlomo Magdassi

“…The preliminary biological experiments indicate that both the cell-seeding and cell-laden strategies enable making 3D cultures of chondrocytes within the gelatin constructs. The mechanical properties of the gelatin scaffolds have a compressive modulus akin to soft tissues, thus enabling the growth and proliferation of cells, and later degrade as the cells differentiate and form a grown cartilage. …”
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