Migration, Proliferation, and Differentiation of Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Treated with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Valproic Acid by Leah A. Marquez-Curtis, Yuanyuan Qiu, April Xu, Anna Janowska-Wieczorek

“…We found that in MSC, VPA increased (i) the gene and total protein expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7 and primed migration towards a low gradient of SDF-1, (ii) the gene expression of MMP-2 and secretion and activation of proMMP-2, (iii) the proliferation and gene expression of pluripotency markers SOX2 and Oct-4, and exposure to lower concentrations of VPA (≤5 mM) had no effect on their differentiation to osteocytes and chondrocytes. Thus, our study indicates that VPA enhances the migration of CB MSC towards SDF-1 by increasing the expression of CXCR4, CXCR7, and MMP-2. …”
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Therapeutic Effects of the Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic Compound Me2DO2A on Experimental Articular Pain in Rats by Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli, Daniele Bani, Andrea Bencini, Maria Luisa Brandi, Laura Calosi, Miriam Cantore, Anna Maria Carossino, Carla Ghelardini, Barbara Valtancoli, Paola Failli

“…MnL4 (10−7 M) prevented the lipid peroxidation of isolated human chondrocytes when was produced by RAW 264.7. MnL4 behaves as a potent pain reliever in acute inflammatory and chronic articular pain, being its efficacy related to antioxidant property. …”
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Physical and Biological Characterizations of Injectable Thermosensitive Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide)-Collagen I Hydrogels Intended for Meniscus Repair by Chunhai Ke, Xuanyuan Lu, Jiahua Ni, Ruicong Li, Qi Chen, Zhaoxiang Peng

“…Cell proliferation tests and high-density culture also revealed that collagen I promoted bioactivity of the hydrogels and induced fibrochondrocyte phenotype of the chondrocytes. The expressions of collagen I protein and collagen I a1 gene in the PNIPAm-0.5Coll group were 3.50-fold and 3.64-fold of those in the PNIPAm group. …”
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SHOX and sex difference in height: a hypothesis by Tsutomu Ogata, Atsushi Hattori, Maki Fukami

“…In this regard, previous studies have revealed that (1) distribution of the mean adult heights in subjects with disorders accompanied by discordance between sex chromosome complement and bioactive sex steroids and in control subjects (the British height standards) indicates that, of the ~12.5 cm of sex difference in the mean adult height, ~9 cm is accounted for by the difference in the sex chromosome complement and the remaining ~3.5 cm is explained by the dimorphism in sex steroids (primarily due to the growth-promoting effect of gonadal androgens); (2) according to the infancy-childhood-puberty growth model, the sex difference in the childhood growth function produces height differences of ~1 cm in childhood and 8–10 cm at 18–20 years of age, whereas the sex difference in the pubertal growth function yields height difference of ~4.5 cm at 18–20 years of age; and (3) SHOX expression and methylation analyses using knee cartilage tissues and cultured chondrocytes have shown lower SHOX expression levels in female samples than in male samples and methylation patterns consistent with partial spreading of X-inactivation affecting SHOX in female samples. …”
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Metformin Facilitates Osteoblastic Differentiation and M2 Macrophage Polarization by PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Min Shen, Huihui Yu, Yunfeng Jin, Jiahang Mo, Jingni Sui, Xiaohan Qian, Tong Chen

“…Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most promising multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. This cellular flexibility contributes to widespread clinical use of MSCs in tissue repair and regeneration. …”
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Promising horizons in achondroplasia along with the development of new drugs by Keiichi Ozono, Takuo Kubota, Toshimi Michigami

“…The mutant FGFR3 found in ACH is continuously phosphorylated and activates downstream signals, resulting in abnormal proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes in the growth plate and cranial base synchondrosis. …”
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Tabetri™ (Tabebuia avellanedae Ethanol Extract) Ameliorates Osteoarthritis Symptoms Induced by Monoiodoacetate through Its Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Activities by Jae Gwang Park, Young-Su Yi, Yo Han Hong, Sulgi Yoo, Sang Yun Han, Eunji Kim, Seong-Gu Jeong, Adithan Aravinthan, Kwang Soo Baik, Su Young Choi, Young-Jin Son, Jong-Hoon Kim, Jae Youl Cho

“…The anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective activities of Ta-EE were attributed to the targeting of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling pathways in macrophages and chondrocytes.…”
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Synergistic Effects of FGF-18 and TGF-β3 on the Chondrogenesis of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Pellet Culture by Liangjie Huang, Lingxian Yi, Chunli Zhang, Ying He, Liangliang Zhou, Yan Liu, Long Qian, Shuxun Hou, Tujun Weng

“…Compared with a limited source of autologous chondrocytes, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are proposed as an attractive cell source for cartilage regeneration. …”
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Cryopreserved Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Show Comparable Effects to Un-Cryopreserved Cells in Treating Osteoarthritis by Bo Yan, Huixin Chen, Li Yan, Qiang Yuan, Le Guo

“…In vitro, C-CFM and UC-CM promoted the proliferation of chondrocytes, improved the expression of anabolism-related molecules ( Col2 , COL2, and SOX9), and decreased the expression of catabolism-related molecules ( Adamts5 , Mmp13 , Il6 , COL10, and MMP13). …”
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EVALUATION OF POLYMORPHONUCLEAR IMMUNE CELLS IN BIOCOMPATIBILITY TEST DFLP SPONGE CARTILAGE SCAFFOLD, ADIPOSE-DERIVED MSC AND SECRETOME WITH CARTILAGE INJECTION MODEL by Brilliant Citra Wirashada, Dwikora Novemberi Utomo, Lukas Widhiyanto

“…This study aims to determine the biocompatibility of scaffold without involving implantation which provides clinical reports as expected through the evaluation of post-implantation chondrocytes regeneration, biocompatibility markers of the scaffold, and biocompatibility of sponge cartilage scaffold involving cartilage defects New Zealand White Rabbit. …”
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Constructing an Isogenic 3D Human Nephrogenic Progenitor Cell Model Composed of Endothelial, Mesenchymal, and SIX2-Positive Renal Progenitor Cells by Lisa Nguyen, Lucas-Sebastian Spitzhorn, James Adjaye

“…Characterization of the generated mesenchymal stem cells revealed plastic adherent growth and a trilineage differentiation potential to adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. Furthermore, these cells express the typical MSC markers CD73, CD90, and CD105. …”
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MEST Regulates the Stemness of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Daigaku Hasegawa, Kana Hasegawa, Hiroshi Kaneko, Shinichiro Yoshida, Hiromi Mitarai, Mai Arima, Atsushi Tomokiyo, Sayuri Hamano, Hideki Sugii, Naohisa Wada, Tamotsu Kiyoshima, Hidefumi Maeda

“…Knockdown of MEST by siRNA in 2-23 cells inhibited the expression of stem cell markers, such as CD105, CD146, p75NTR, N-cadherin, and NANOG; the proliferative potential; and multidifferentiation capacity for osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. On the other hand, overexpression of MEST in 2-52 cells enhanced the expression of stem cell markers and PDL-related markers and the multidifferentiation capacity. …”
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Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transfected with miR-7704 Improved Damaged Cartilage and Reduced Matrix Metallopeptidase 13 by Kun-Chi Wu, Hui-I Yang, Yu-Hsun Chang, Raymond Yuh-Shyan Chiang, Dah-Ching Ding

“…The EVs were characterized to confirm their suitability for therapeutic use. IL-1beta-treated chondrocytes increased type II collagen and decreased MMP13 after treatment with miR-7704-overexpressed EVs. …”
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Small Extracellular Vesicles from Inflamed Adipose Derived Stromal Cells Enhance the NF-κB-Dependent Inflammatory/Catabolic Environment of Osteoarthritis by Carola Cavallo, Giulia Merli, Nicoletta Zini, Stefania D’Adamo, Luca Cattini, Michele Guescini, Brunella Grigolo, Alessandro Di Martino, Spartaco Santi, Rosa Maria Borzì, Giuseppe Filardo

“…To mimic this condition, we exposed ADSC to IL-1β, and then we investigated the effects of the isolated sEVs on chondrocytes and synoviocytes, either cultured separately or in co-culture, to tease out the effects of these “IL-1β primed sEVs” on gene and protein expression of major inflammatory and catabolic OA markers. …”
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A ROS-responsive hydrogel encapsulated with matrix metalloproteinase-13 siRNA nanocarriers to attenuate osteoarthritis progression by Qiuyang Wang, Kai Feng, Guangsheng Wan, Wei Liao, Jing Jin, Peng Wang, Xiaolian Sun, Weijun Wang, Qing Jiang

“…This study reveals that si-Fe-HPP, with its ROS-responsive and RNAi abilities, can significantly protect chondrocytes and attenuate OA progression, providing novel insights and directions for the development of therapeutic materials for OA treatment. …”
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miR-223 promotes cartilage differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and protects against osteoarthritis by suppressing NLRP-3 expression by Nan Min, Jie Ma, Lei Shi, Lin Wang, Chi Liu, Yaonan Zhang, Qingyun Xue

“…Material and methods Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from rats and cultured in chondrogenic medium to stimulate the differentiation of chondrocytes. Alcian blue staining was performed to determine the chondrogenic differentiation and expression of miR-223 in the BMSCs. …”
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Comparison between Intra-Articular Injection of Infrapatellar Fat Pad (IPFP) Cell Concentrates and IPFP-Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) for Cartilage Defect Repair of the Knee Joint... by Yaguang Han, Haobo Li, Rong Zhou, Jun Wu, Ziye Liu, Huan Wang, Jiahua Shao, Yi Chen, Jun Zhu, Qiwei Fu, Qirong Qian, Yiqin Zhou

“…IPFP-MSCs sprouting from the IPFP cell concentrates were characterized via flow cytometry as well as based on their potential for differentiation into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. In the rabbit model, cartilage defects were created on the trochlear groove, followed by treatment with IPFP cell concentrates, IPFP-MSCs, or normal saline IA injection. …”
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Induced mesenchymal stem cells generated from periodontal ligament fibroblast for regenerative therapy by Hemanathan Vembuli, Sheeja Rajasingh, Patrick Nabholz, Jefferson Guenther, Brian R. Morrow, Margaret M. Taylor, Marziyeh Aghazadeh, Vinoth Sigamani, Johnson Rajasingh, Johnson Rajasingh, Johnson Rajasingh

“…These iMSCs demonstrated trilineage differentiation potential, giving rise to osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. The iMSC-derived osteocytes (iOSTs) were homogeneous, patient-specific and showed excellent attachment and growth on commercial collagen-based membranes, highlighting their suitability for bone tissue regeneration applications. …”
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Polydatin retards the progression of osteoarthritis by maintaining bone metabolicbalance and inhibiting macrophage polarization by Qi Sun, Xin-Yu Nan, Hui Wang, Shuo Pan, Gang Ji, Ya-Feng Guo, Ya-Heng Zhao, Gao-Cen Li, Shao-Shi Guo, Lu-Feng Lin, Yu-Jie Jin, Xue Li Zhang, Chang-Cheng Liu, Guo-Bin Liu

“…In vitro models were established by isolating mouse articular chondrocytes, which were subsequently treated with lipopolysaccharide or IL-1β for 24 h for subsequent experiments. …”
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Generation of Inducible CRISPRi and CRISPRa Human Stromal/Stem Cell Lines for Controlled Target Gene Transcription during Lineage Differentiation by Li Chen, Kaikai Shi, Weimin Qiu, Lars Aagaard, Moustapha Kassem

“…Human bone marrow stromal/stem cells (hMSCs, also known as the skeletal stem cells or mesenchymal stem cells) are being employed to study lineage fate determination to osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. However, mechanistic studies employing hMSC have been hampered by the difficulty of deriving genetically modified cell lines due to the low and unstable transfection efficiency. …”
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