Case Reports of a New Method for Differential Diagnosis of Calcified Carotid Artery Atheroma by Guilherme Augusto Alves de Oliveira, Cleiterson Rezende de Sá, Omar Ribeiro Santos Junior, Rafael Pereira da Mata Santos, Flávio Ricardo Manzi

“…Early diagnosis of calcified atheromas may decrease morbidity and mortality caused by brain and cardiovascular diseases, in which atherosclerosis is the main etiological factor of these pathologies. …”
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Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis in X-Linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease with Central Nervous System Involvement by Georgios Koutsis, Georgia Karadima, Paraskewi Floroskoufi, Maria Raftopoulou, Marios Panas

“…This is the third case report of a patient with CMTX developing MS, but it is unique in the fact that other family members carrying the same mutation were found to have asymptomatic central nervous system (CNS) involvement (diffuse white matter hyperintensity on brain MRI and extensor plantars). Although this may be a chance association, the increasing number of cases with CMTX and MS, especially with mutations involving the CNS, may imply some causative effect and provide insights into MS pathogenesis.…”
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Prevalence and control of hypertension in COVID-19 positive cases by Mohamed O. Elamin, Sufian Khalid, Amjed A. Ali, Sara O. Elamin, Wahaj A. Khan, Hatim M. Badri, Hatim A. Natto, Abdulrahman A. Almehmadi, Abdullah Alhazmi, Ahmed Alkathiri, Mohamed Alharbi

“…Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 experience several complications including hypertension or elevated blood pressure which is a serious medical condition that significantly increases the risks of heart, brain, and kidney diseases. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and control of hypertension in COVID-19 patients. …”
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Glioma Stem Cells: Signaling, Microenvironment, and Therapy by Brandon D. Liebelt, Takashi Shingu, Xin Zhou, Jiangong Ren, Seul A. Shin, Jian Hu

“…Glioblastoma remains the most common and devastating primary brain tumor despite maximal therapy with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. …”
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Unveiling the Complexity of Medical Imaging through Deep Learning Approaches by Javaid Iqbal Bhat, Novsheena Rasool

“…Encompassing a range of diseases, including Alzheimer’s, breast cancer, brain tumors, glaucoma, heart murmurs, retinal microaneurysms, colorectal liver metastases, and more, the analysis emphasizes contributions succinctly summarized in a tabular form.The table provides an overview of various deep learning approaches applied to different diseases, incorporating methodologies, datasets, and outcomes for each condition.Notably, performance metrics such as accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and other crucial measures underscore the achieved results. …”
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Effectiveness of the tetrapeptide HAEE: an innovative approach to Alzheimer's treatment in experimentation by Evgenii A. Patrakhanov

“…Subsequently, at point 1 of the experiment, half of the group (n=5) was selected for further histological analysis of the brain. The remaining half did not receive any treatments for one month before undergoing histological examination. …”
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Long-Term Isoflurane Therapy for Refractory Bronchospasm Associated with Herpes Simplex Pneumonia in a Heart Transplant Patient by C. Hornuss, M. Firsching, M. Dolch, A. Martignoni, A. Peraud, J. Briegel

“…A 47-year-old man with a history of heart transplant was admitted after severe traumatic brain injury and seizures. During mechanical ventilation, the patient developed bronchospasm that severely compromised respiratory function that led to cardiac arrest. …”
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Diagnosis and treatment of nervous system diseases at the beginning of the 19th century in Vilnius university clinics by E. Sakalauskaitė-Juodeikienė, G. Motiejūnas, D. Jatužis

“…In Vilnius, as in other European clinics, the causes of the diseases were sought in the internal organs (the influence of the solidism theory), but autopsy findings usually revealed the brain and spinal cord congestion with blood, confirming the inflammation of the nervous system (or humoralism) theory. …”
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Perspectives in Molecular Imaging Using Staging Biomarkers and Immunotherapies in Alzheimer’s Disease by Benoît Leclerc, Abedelnasser Abulrob

“…The complexity in nature increases when taken together the genetic/immune tolerance with the patient’s brain reserve and with neuropathological evolution from early till advance AD clinical stages. …”
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Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma Mimicking Temporal Arteritis by Ifeyinwa Emmanuela Obiorah, Metin Ozdemirli

“…On autopsy, there was disseminated intravascular lymphoma involving predominantly vessels within the heart, kidneys, liver, stomach, lungs, adrenal glands, small intestine, bladder, thyroid, and brain. Interestingly, there was also partial involvement of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes which is an unusual presentation in this disorder. …”
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Developmental Changes in Sleep Oscillations during Early Childhood by Eckehard Olbrich, Thomas Rusterholz, Monique K. LeBourgeois, Peter Achermann

“…Although quantitative analysis of the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) has uncovered important aspects of brain activity during sleep in adolescents and adults, similar findings from preschool-age children remain scarce. …”
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Unveiling Cathepsin B inhibition with repurposed drugs for anticancer and anti-Alzheimer's drug discovery. by Mohammed Alrouji, Sabina Yasmin, Mohammed S Alshammari, Fahad A Alhumaydhi, Sharaf E Sharaf, Moyad Shahwan, Anas Shamsi

“…Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides and the formation of plaques in the brain, primarily derived from the proteolytic degradation of amyloid precursor protein (APP). …”
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An Unexpected Presentation of Serotonin Syndrome in a Patient Receiving ECT by Shahzaib Khan, Breanna Wennberg, Malgorzata Witkowska, Jacob Rattin, Raunak Khisty

“…ECT is a neuromodulatory procedure approved for treatment-resistant depression and schizophrenia that involves electrically stimulating the brain with electrodes on the scalp to induce a seizure. …”
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Application value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in soft tissue metastasis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a case report and literature review by Siwen Liu, Xiaohui Sun, Yu Liu, Ning Shi, Xiaoli Zhang, Yuechao Yu

“…In advanced stages, distant metastases to the lungs, bones, and brain are common, but distant soft tissue (subcutaneous and skeletal muscle) and breast metastases are rare, and simultaneous metastases to all three rare sites had not been reported. …”
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Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Sleep EEG Characteristics in Patients with Primary Central Sleep Apnea Syndrome by Cheng Zhang, Kun Chen, Guangfa Wang, Jue Zhang, Jing Ma

“…FD may be used as a new biomarker of EEG stability and improvement in brain function after CPAP treatment for primary CSAS.…”
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Neurotrophic Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (NTRK2) Alterations in Low-Grade Gliomas: Report of a Novel Gene Fusion Partner in a Pilocytic Astrocytoma and Review of the Literature by Siobhan S. Pattwell, Eric Q. Konnick, Yajuan J. Liu, Rebecca A. Yoda, Laligam N. Sekhar, Patrick J. Cimino

“…NTRK2 encodes for the protein tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), which is a neurotrophin receptor with high affinity for Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), and plays a role in several physiological functions of neurons, including cell survival and differentiation. …”
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Cognitive and Neural Differences in Exact and Approximate Arithmetic Using the Production Paradigm: An fNIRS Study by Tianqi Yue, Buxuan Guan, Yan Wu

“…Additionally, larger operands registered more brain activities in the R-DLPFC (right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, CH4), R-SFG (right superior frontal gyrus, CH2), and PMC and SMA (pre- and supplementary motor cortexes, CH3) compared to smaller operands in approximate arithmetic. …”
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CRMP2 and CRMP4 Are Differentially Required for Axon Guidance and Growth in Zebrafish Retinal Neurons by Zhi-Zhi Liu, Jian Zhu, Chang-Ling Wang, Xin Wang, Ying-Ying Han, Ling-Yan Liu, Hong A. Xu

“…Knocking down CRMP2 causes reduced elongation and premature termination of the retinal axons, while knocking down CRMP4 results in ipsilateral misprojections of retinal axons that would normally project to the contralateral brain. Furthermore, CRMP4 synchronizes with neuropilin 1 in retinal axon guidance, suggesting that CRMP4 might mediate the semaphorin/neuropilin signaling pathway. …”
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Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Function in Type 1 Gaucher's Disease by Mirta Koželj, Samo Zver, Vesna Zadnik

“…The obtained data was correlated with the levels of NT-proBNP (brain natriuretic peptide). None of the GD patients had clinical signs of heart disease. …”
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Multiple-System Atrophy with Cerebellar Predominance Presenting as Respiratory Insufficiency and Vocal Cords Paralysis by Ramon Andrade Bezerra de Mello, Diana Ferreira, José Manuel Dias da Costa, Maria José Rosas, João Manuel Quinaz

“…A laryngoscopy revealed vocal cord paralysis in midline position and tracheostomy was performed. The Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging revealed atrophy of middle cerebellar peduncles and pons with the “hot cross bun sign.” …”
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