Linking Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease by Géraldine Gelders, Veerle Baekelandt, Anke Van der Perren

“…Recently, it has been postulated that neuroinflammatory processes might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PD. Numerous postmortem, brain imaging, epidemiological, and animal studies have documented the involvement of the innate and adaptive immunity in neurodegeneration. …”
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Multiple Extracranial Metastases from Primary Gliosarcoma in a Patient with Two Previous Different Primary Cancers by T. Capion, J. Hauerberg, H. Broholm, A. Muhic

“…Gliosarcoma (GS) constitutes a minor fraction of primary glioblastoma (GBM), which is the most frequent malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite the fact that malignant gliomas are highly invasive, extracranial metastases are very rarely seen, and the mechanisms behind extracranial dissemination are still unclarified. …”
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Postdural Puncture Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis in a Juvenile Case of Clinically Isolated Syndrome by Miriam Michel, Edda Haberlandt, Matthias Baumann, Andreas Entenmann, Michaela Wagner, Kevin Rostasy

“…A persistent headache with change in the headache pattern and loss of a postural component might be a sign for CVT, requiring emergency imaging of the brain.…”
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Clumsiness and Disturbed Cerebellar Development: Insights From Animal Experiments by Albert Gramsbergen

“…In rats, the effects of undernutrition during the brain growth spurt were investigated as well as those of corticosteroids administered in a period that is analogous to the 7th to 8th month of pregnancy in the human. …”
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Angiogenesis Regulated by Electroacupuncture Combined with Rehabilitation Training in Cerebral Ischemia Involved in PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway by Wenchao YAO, Mengxing LI, Qing LIU, Mingyue TONG, Peng HE, Wei TANG

“…The relative expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), PI3K and Akt were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively.Results:(1) The neurons in the ischemic area of the model group were irregular in morphology, vacuolation, reduction of glycosomes and autophagic vesicles in the cytoplasm, swelling of mitochondria and pyknosis of nucleus; Compared with the model group, on day 3, 7 and 14 of treatment, the neuron cell membrane of the combined acupuncture group showed a tendency to repair, and the structure of organelles and the degree of vacuolation were significantly improved.(2) On day 3, 7 and 14 of treatment, the MVD count of cerebral ischemia area was statistically significant in different groups (<italic>F</italic>_Intergroup=141.762, <italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.001), the MVD count of the combined acupuncture group was higher than that of the other two groups, the difference was statistically significant respectively (<italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.01); On day 3, 7 and 14 of treatment, there was significant difference in the change trend of different time points respectively (<italic>F</italic>_Time=81.920, <italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.001), the combined acupuncture group increased significantly on the 14th day of treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (<italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.01); MVD count had group×time obvious interaction (<italic>F</italic>_Interaction=44.960, <italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.001). (3) The variance analysis of repeated measurements of VEGF, BDNF, PI3K, Akt proteins in the brain tissue of the ischemic area showed that the variables were statistically significant among different groups respectively (<italic>F</italic>_Intergroup=398.772, 903.082, 2 312.264, and 1 581.880, <italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.001). …”
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Adherent junctions: Physiology, role in hydrocephalus and potential therapeutic targets by Zhiye Chen, Jian He, Yating Guo, Yue Hao, Wentao Lv, Zexin Chen, Junqiang Wang, Yijian Yang, Kaiyue Wang, Zhikun Liu, Qian Ouyang, Zhangjie Su, Pingsheng Hu, Gelei Xiao

“…In addition, the damage of the brain barrier can lead to brain edema and aggravate the symptoms. …”
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Early precursor-derived pituitary gland tissue-resident macrophages play a pivotal role in modulating hormonal balance by Henna Lehtonen, Heli Jokela, Julian Hofmann, Lauriina Tola, Arfa Mehmood, Florent Ginhoux, Burkhard Becher, Melanie Greter, Gennady G. Yegutkin, Marko Salmi, Heidi Gerke, Pia Rantakari

“…The physical location of the pituitary gland at the base of the brain, though outside the protective blood-brain barrier, leads to an unexplored special immune environment. …”
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Does semaglutide reduce alcohol intake in Danish patients with alcohol use disorder and comorbid obesity? Trial protocol of a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinica... by Jens Juul Holst, Tina Vilsbøll, Claus Thorn Ekstrøm, Helene Benveniste, Nora D Volkow, Anders Fink-Jensen, Gitte M Knudsen, Mette Kruse Klausen, Tugba Kuzey, Julie Niemann Pedersen, Signe Keller Justesen, Line Rasmussen, Ulla B Knorr, Graeme Mason, George Koob

“…A subgroup of the patients will have structural, functional and neurochemical brain imaging performed at baseline and after 26 weeks of treatment. …”
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The polarity of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation affects the planning and execution of movement sequences by Jake J. Son, Tara D. Erker, Thomas W. Ward, Yasra Arif, Peihan J. Huang, Jason A. John, Kellen M. McDonald, Nathan M. Petro, Grant M. Garrison, Hannah J. Okelberry, Kennedy A. Kress, Giorgia Picci, Elizabeth Heinrichs-Graham, Tony W. Wilson

“…Noninvasive brain stimulation of the primary motor cortex has been shown to alter therapeutic outcomes in stroke and other neurological conditions, but the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. …”
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A novel way to use cross-validation to measure connectivity by machine learning allows epilepsy surgery outcome prediction by Karla Ivankovic, Alessandro Principe, Justo Montoya-Gálvez, Linus Manubens-Gil, Riccardo Zucca, Pablo Villoslada, Mara Dierssen, Rodrigo Rocamora

“…Without relying on specific connectivity variables, we focused on a general hypothesis that the EN undergoes the greatest magnitude of connectivity change during seizure generation, compared to other brain networks. To test this hypothesis, we developed a novel method for quantifying connectivity change between network states and applied it to identify surgical resection areas.A network state was represented by random snapshots of connectivity within a defined time interval of an intracranial EEG recording. …”
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Multimodal Imaging of Patients With Gliomas Confirms C-MET PET as a Complementary Marker to MRI for Noninvasive Tumor Grading and Intraindividual Follow-Up After Therapy by Kai R. Laukamp MD, Florian Lindemann PhD, Matthias Weckesser MD, Volker Hesselmann MD, Sandra Ligges PhD, Johannes Wölfer MD, Astrid Jeibmann MD, Bastian Zinnhardt PhD, Thomas Viel PhD, Michael Schäfers MD, Werner Paulus MD, Walter Stummer MD, Otmar Schober PhD, MD, Andreas H. Jacobs MD

“…The value of combined L-( methyl -[ 11 C]) methionine positron-emitting tomography (MET-PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with regard to tumor extent, entity prediction, and therapy effects in clinical routine in patients with suspicion of a brain tumor was investigated. In n = 65 patients with histologically verified brain lesions n = 70 MET-PET and MRI (T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced [T1w-Gd] and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery or T2-weighted [FLAIR/T2w]) examinations were performed. …”
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Investigating the neuroprotective effects of Dracocephalum moldavica extract and its effect on metabolomic profile of rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease by Marjan Talebi, Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi, Mohammad Ali As’Habi, Farzad Kobarfard, Mona Khoramjouy, Farzaneh Niki Boroujeni, Mehrdad Faizi, Alireza Ghassempour

“…After treatment with DM extract, 10 metabolites from the 32 identified ones were altered in the brain tissue of a rat model of sAD, most commonly at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. …”
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Serum neuritin as a predictive biomarker of early neurological deterioration and poor prognosis after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a prospective cohort study by Yanwen Xu, Hanyu Zhu, Yuqi Su, Zhizhi Chen, Chuanliu Wang, Ming Yang, Feifei Jiang, Yunping Li, Yongming Xu

“…Neuritin, significantly expressed in injured brain tissues, is implicated in the molecular mechanisms underlying acute brain injury. …”
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Deficiency of FABP7 Triggers Premature Neural Differentiation in Idiopathic Normocephalic Autism Organoids by Xiao Han, Yuanlin He, Yuanhao Wang, Wenzhu Hu, Chu Chu, Lei Huang, Yuan Hong, Lu Han, Xu Zhang, Yao Gao, Yuan Lin, Hongxia Ma, Hongbing Shen, Xiaoyan Ke, Yan Liu, Zhibin Hu

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Genome-wide association analysis of composite sleep health scores in 413,904 individuals by Matthew O. Goodman, Tariq Faquih, Valentina Paz, Pavithra Nagarajan, Jacqueline M. Lane, Brian Spitzer, Matthew Maher, Joon Chung, Brian E. Cade, Shaun M. Purcell, Xiaofeng Zhu, Raymond Noordam, Andrew J. K. Phillips, Simon D. Kyle, Kai Spiegelhalder, Michael N. Weedon, Deborah A. Lawlor, Jerome I. Rotter, Kent D. Taylor, Carmen R. Isasi, Tamar Sofer, Hassan S. Dashti, Martin K. Rutter, Susan Redline, Richa Saxena, Heming Wang

“…Significant loci enrich in multiple brain tissues and in metabolic and neuronal pathways. …”
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Developmental dysfunction in a preclinical model of Kcnq2 developmental and epileptic encephalopathy by Miaomiao Mao, Nikola Jancovski, Yafit Kushner, Lucas Teasdale, Phan Truong, Kun Zhou, Samuel Reid, Linghan Jia, Ye Htet Aung, Melody Li, Christopher A. Reid, Sean Byars, Ingrid Scheffer, Steven Petrou, Snezana Maljevic

“…Whole-brain RNA sequencing revealed numerous differentially expressed genes and biological pathways pointing at dysregulation of early developmental processes. …”
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Blood-based epigenome-wide association study and prediction of alcohol consumption by Elena Bernabeu, Aleksandra D. Chybowska, Jacob K. Kresovich, Matthew Suderman, Daniel L. McCartney, Robert F. Hillary, Janie Corley, Maria Del C. Valdés-Hernández, Susana Muñoz Maniega, Mark E. Bastin, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Zongli Xu, Dale P. Sandler, Archie Campbell, Sarah E. Harris, Andrew M. McIntosh, Jack A. Taylor, Paul Yousefi, Simon R. Cox, Kathryn L. Evans, Matthew R. Robinson, Catalina A. Vallejos, Riccardo E. Marioni

“…In LBC1936, higher EpiScore levels had significant associations with poorer global brain imaging metrics, whereas self-reported alcohol consumption did not. …”
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Maternal Diet Supplementation with n-6/n-3 Essential Fatty Acids in a 1.2 : 1.0 Ratio Attenuates Metabolic Dysfunction in MSG-Induced Obese Mice by Josiane Morais Martin, Rosiane Aparecida Miranda, Luiz Felipe Barella, Kesia Palma-Rigo, Vander Silva Alves, Gabriel Sergio Fabricio, Audrei Pavanello, Claudinéia Conationi da Silva Franco, Tatiane Aparecida Ribeiro, Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer, Elton Guntendeorfer Banafé, Clayton Antunes Martin, Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias, Júlio Cezar de Oliveira

“…Maternal flaxseed diet-supplementation decreased n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio in the brain and pancreas and blocked glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, GIIS impairment, and obesity development. …”
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The phytohormone abscisic acid enhances remyelination in mouse models of multiple sclerosis by Femke Van Gaever, Femke Van Gaever, Fleur Mingneau, Fleur Mingneau, Sam Vanherle, Sam Vanherle, Yasmine Driege, Yasmine Driege, Mira Haegman, Mira Haegman, Elien Van Wonterghem, Elien Van Wonterghem, Junhua Xie, Junhua Xie, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Jerome J. A. Hendriks, Jerome J. A. Hendriks, Rudi Beyaert, Rudi Beyaert, Jens Staal, Jens Staal, Jens Staal

“…ABA, which is abundant in fruits such as figs, apricots and bilberries, is known to cross the blood-brain barrier and has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in conditions like depression and Alzheimer's disease.MethodsIn this study, we investigated whether ABA supplementation enhances remyelination in both ex vivo and in vivo mouse models.ResultsOur results indicated that ABA enhanced remyelination and that this enhanced remyelination is associated with increased lipid droplet load, reduced levels of degraded myelin, and a higher abundance of F4/80+ cells in the demyelinated brain of mice treated with ABA. …”
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Observational cohort study of a group-based VR program to improve mental health and wellbeing in people with life-threatening illnesses by Hannes Kettner, Hannes Kettner, David R. Glowacki, David R. Glowacki, Justin Wall, Justin Wall, Justin Wall, Robin L. Carhart-Harris, Robin L. Carhart-Harris, Leor Roseman, Leor Roseman, Joseph L. Hardy, Joseph L. Hardy

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