Familial Multiple Sclerosis with Repetitive Relapses of Manic Psychosis in Two Patients (Mother and Daughter) by Pedro J. Modrego, Jaime Ferrández

“…In both cases we found multiple hypersignal lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially in the right frontal lobe where we observed signs of activity. …”
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Tribute to Roger Guillemin, a pioneer in neuroendocrinology (1924–2024), Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine by Mougin, Christiane, Rossier, Jean, Bloch, Bertrand

“…He consequently demonstrated that these brain peptides regulate a large number of major body activities through neuroendocrine mechanisms. …”
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Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome and Cerebellar Herniation with Successful Reversal Using Mannitol by Anna Curtis, Christian Lamb, Hussain Rao, Andrew Williams, Amit Patel

“…Feared sequalae of this diagnosis are brain herniation and death. This report presents a patient who was diagnosed with DDS with subsequent tonsillar herniation shown on imaging with complete resolution of clinical signs and symptoms, as well as imaging findings of herniation after prompt initiation of intravenous mannitol. …”
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The Impact of Diabetes on Vascular Disease: Progress from the Perspective of Epidemics and Treatments by Runyang Liu, Lihua Li, Chen Shao, Honghua Cai, Zhongqun Wang

“…Metabolic disorders caused by diabetes can lead to secondary vascular complications, which have long-term malignant effects on the heart, kidneys, brain, and other vital organs of patients. Adequate primary prevention measures are needed to reduce the incidence of diabetic vascular complications, and more attention should be given to treatment after the disease. …”
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A Novel Mutation in TSC2 Gene: A 34-Year-Old Female with Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis with Concomitant Hepatic Lesions by Mehdi Nadiri, Mortaza Raeisi, Seyed Ali Mousavi Aghdas

“…TSC is associated with the formation of hamartomas in the brain, heart, eyes, skin, kidneys, and lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) of the lungs. …”
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Comparing P300 flashing paradigms in online typing with language models. by Nand Chandravadia, Shrita Pendekanti, Dustin Roberts, Robert Tran, Saarang Panchavati, Corey Arnold, Nader Pouratian, William Speier

“…The P300 Speller is a brain-computer interface system that allows victims of motor neuron diseases to regain the ability to communicate by typing characters into a computer by thought. …”
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Optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis association by L. Matukynaitė, G. Repšytė, R. Liutkevičienė, R. Balnytė

“…Typical ON is often associated with MS due to the predominant inflammation and demyelination processes in the brain leading to axonal loss. The close relation between these two conditions in etiology and pathogenesis is a key to finding the earliest and the most accurate diagnostic possibilities, which is linked to a better understanding of the ongoing mechanisms. …”
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Mechanisms of Alcohol-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Organ Injuries by Cheng Ji

“…ER stress, a condition under which unfolded/misfolded protein accumulates in the ER, contributes to alcoholic disorders of major organs such as liver, pancreas, heart, and brain. Potential mechanisms that trigger the alcoholic ER stress response are directly or indirectly related to alcohol metabolism, which includes toxic acetaldehyde and homocysteine, oxidative stress, perturbations of calcium or iron homeostasis, alterations of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio, and abnormal epigenetic modifications. …”
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Global Information Management Model and Identification Method Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning by RuiLe Lan, XiJia He

“…It develops and utilizes information and provides new knowledge based on the information processing capabilities of the human brain. Its essence lies in understanding the inner connection of things and thinking about problems by obtaining relevant data, so as to achieve the learning goal. …”
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Chronic Migraine: Diagnosis, Characteristics, Lifestyle Modification, Trigger Reduction and Treatment by Roshan Kumar Jha, Ranjit Ambad, Dhruba Hari Chandi, Obaid Noman

“…The most prevalent brain condition that impairs function is migraine. …”
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Combined Awake Craniotomy with Endoscopic Port Surgery for Resection of a Deep-Seated Temporal Lobe Glioma: A Case Report by Lance Bodily, Arlan H. Mintz, Johnathan Engh

“…Combined minimally invasive techniques such as these may facilitate deep tumor resection within eloquent regions of the brain, allowing minimum white matter dissection. …”
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An unusual case of vomiting and arthritis: A diagnostic enigma by Shivraj Padiyar, Daisy Doley, Ramesh Babu, John Mathew

“…Magnetic resonance imaging brain showed infiltrative disease involving the pituitary stalk. …”
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Chaos in Physiological Control Systems: Health or Disease? by Olfa Boubaker

“…This is for example the case of human brain behavior. As the boundary between health and disease is not always clear-cut in chaotic systems in physiology, some conditions may involve transitions between ordered and chaotic states. …”
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A Rare Case of Nevus Spilus Type of Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevus with Classic Proliferative Nodules, Intraparenchymal Melanosis, and Seizures by Pankaj Das, Biju Vasudevan, Ahmed Waheed Kashif, Lekshmi Priya Krishnan, Anand Mannu, Abhinav Kumar Verma, Shweta Pandey

“…We present a rare case of a nevus spilus type of GCMN with classic proliferative nodules associated with intraparenchymal melanosis in brain, leading to seizures.…”
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Suppression of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms after Head Trauma by Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini, Paria Azari, Roohollah Abdi, Reza Alizadeh-Navaei

“…Obsessive-compulsive symptom due to brain lesions is not rare, but suppression of these symptoms after head trauma is very rare and we found only 3 cases in review of literatures from 1966 to 2001. …”
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Sinonasal mucormycosis with an unusual involvement of palate by Santosh Kumar Swain

“…The most common variant of the mucormycosis is rhinocerebral type which may spread to the orbit and brain. The identification of mucormycosis in the palatal region is often rare and late occurrence. …”
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Real and Presumed Categories: A Formal Approach by Juan Uriagereka

“…Substantive, for beings with a neuro-physiological nature, boils down to how we happen to be “wired” or how our brain “works”, whatever that means. Formal ought to be grounded on some abstract system, of the sort that logic and arithmetic represent — given “the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics”. …”
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Reordering for Improved Constrained Reconstruction from Undersampled k-Space Data by Ganesh Adluru, Edward V. R. DiBella

“…Theory and example applications of the method for accelerating myocardial perfusion imaging with respiratory motion and brain diffusion tensor imaging are presented.…”
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Lymphoma Presenting as Acute-Onset Dysphagia by Daniel B. Simmons, Andrew W. Bursaw

“…CSF analysis showed elevated protein and a normal cell count; contrast-enhanced MRI of the brain was normal. He was treated with IVIG for a presumed bulbar-variant AIDP and gradually improved. …”
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Convergence of Synapses, Endosomes, and Prions in the Biology of Neurodegenerative Diseases by Gunnar K. Gouras

“…Age-related misfolding and aggregation of disease-linked proteins in selective brain regions is a characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. …”
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