Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome: A Case and Literature Review by Anuja Choure, MD, Leena Shahla, MD

“…The magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed an ectopic posterior pituitary with a partially empty sella, absence of the pituitary stalk, and a small anterior pituitary. …”
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X-Linked Autism Type 9 Caused by a Hemizygote Pathogenic Variant in the TMLHE Gene: Etiological Diagnosis in an Adult Male with Moderate Intellectual Disability by Verhoeven WM, Pfundt R, Engelke UF, Kluijtmans LA, Egger JI

“…Willem MA Verhoeven,1– 3 Rolph Pfundt,4,5 Udo FH Engelke,6 Leo AJ Kluijtmans,6 Jos IM Egger3– 5 1Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; 2Centre for Consultation and Expertise, Utrecht, The Netherlands; 3Vincent van Gogh Centre of Excellence for Neuropsychiatry, Venray, The Netherlands; 4Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; 5Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; 6Department of Human Genetics, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsCorrespondence: Willem MA Verhoeven, Email wmaverhoeven@planet.nlIntroduction: Levocarnitine is essential for brain functioning and fatty acid metabolism and stems largely from dietary sources. …”
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EEG-based multivariate and univariate analyses reveal the mechanisms underlying the recognition-based production effect: evidence from mixed-list design by Bohua Zhang, Bohua Zhang, Alhassan Abdullah, Minmin Yan, Yongqing Hou, Antao Chen, Helen McLaren

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The Development and Applications of a Dual Optical Imaging System for Studying Glioma Stem Cells by Po-An Tai MD, PhD, Yen-Lin Liu MD, PhD, Ya-Ting Wen MD, Chien-Min Lin MD, PhD, Thanh-Tuan Huynh MD, PhD, Michael Hsiao DVM, PhD, Alexander T. H. Wu PhD, Li Wei MD, PhD

“…Glioblastoma multiforme represents one of the deadliest brain tumor types, manifested by a high rate of recurrence and poor prognosis. …”
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Pooled screening for CAR function identifies novel IL-13Rα2-targeted CARs for treatment of glioblastoma by Douglas A Lauffenburger, Khloe S Gordon, Caleb R Perez, Andrea Garmilla, Maxine S Y Lam, Joey J Y Aw, Anisha Datta, Andrea Pavesi, Michael E Birnbaum

“…Nonetheless, they are of particular interest for the treatment of glioblastoma, which is an aggressive form of brain cancer with few effective therapeutic options, due to their ability to cross the highly selective blood-brain barrier.Methods Here, we use our pooled screening platform, CARPOOL, to expedite the discovery of CARs with antitumor functions necessary for solid tumor efficacy. …”
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Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives by Virendra Kumar Yadav, Seshathiri Dhanasekaran, Nisha Choudhary, Deepak Nathiya, Vishal Thakur, Rachna Gupta, Sheersha Pramanik, Pankaj Kumar, Nishant Gupta, Ashish Patel

“…Nanomedicine utilizes nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery, leveraging their small size and high surface area to volume ratio to cross the blood-brain barrier and deliver therapeutic agents directly to affected brain regions. …”
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Alterations of Dopamine-Related Transcripts in A11 Diencephalospinal Pathways after Spinal Cord Injury by Shunyi Zhao, Jaclyn H. DeFinis, Shaoping Hou

“…Meanwhile, A11 neurons in the brain were explicitly isolated by laser capture microdissection, and single-cell qPCR was employed to evaluate mRNA levels in the soma. …”
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Relationship between Memory Load and Listening Demands in Age-Related Hearing Impairment by Julia Pauquet, Christiane M. Thiel, Christian Mathys, Stephanie Rosemann

“…Age-related hearing loss has been associated with increased recruitment of frontal brain areas during speech perception to compensate for the decline in auditory input. …”
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Alzheimer’s Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: A Particular Association by Giacomo Tini, Riccardo Scagliola, Fiammetta Monacelli, Giovanni La Malfa, Italo Porto, Claudio Brunelli, Gian Marco Rosa

“…It may be hypothesized that there are various mechanisms underlying the association between AD and CVD, the main ones being hypoperfusion and emboli, atherosclerosis, and the fact that, in both the heart and brain of AD patients, amyloid deposits may be present, thus causing damage to these organs. …”
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NRBF2 plays a crucial role in the acquisition process of learning and memory, independent of the Vps34 complex by Songfen Wu, Songfen Wu, Songfen Wu, Haicai Zhuang, Haicai Zhuang, Haicai Zhuang, Xidan Zhou, Kuan Li, Kuan Li, Kuan Li

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Feasibility and Efficiency of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Culture with Allogeneic Platelet Lysate-Supplementation for Cell Therapy against Stroke by Chengbo Tan, Hideo Shichinohe, Zifeng Wang, Shuji Hamauchi, Takeo Abumiya, Naoki Nakayama, Ken Kazumata, Tsuneo Ito, Kohsuke Kudo, Shigeru Takamoto, Kiyohiro Houkin

“…The cells were incubated with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) agents and injected into a pig brain. MRI and histological analysis were performed. …”
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Remote Limb Ischemic Postconditioning Protects against Ischemic Stroke via Modulating Microglia/Macrophage Polarization in Mice by Dong Han, Jue Wang, Lulu Wen, Miao Sun, Hang Liu, Yan Gao

“…Ly6Chi monocytes were quantified in the blood and brain by flow cytometry. Real-time PCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence were utilized to detect phenotype of proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 microglia/macrophage. …”
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Diagnostic Validation for Participants in the Washington State Parkinson Disease Registry by Hojoong M. Kim, James B. Leverenz, Daniel J. Burdick, Sindhu Srivatsal, Jennifer Pate, Shu-Ching Hu, Steven P. Millard, Marie Y. Davis, Ali Samii, Cyrus P. Zabetian

“…A diagnosis was considered “validated” if the individual met UK Parkinson’s Disease Society Brain Bank (UKBB) clinical diagnostic criteria for PD. …”
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Cardiac hydatid cyst: case series and review of the literature by Jingjie Wang, Xing Liu, Yierzhati Aizezi, Wenzhe Li, Jingnan Xu, Yi Wang, Xiangyou Yu

“…Chest pain (6 patients) was a common symptom if the cyst was in the heart, dyspnea, or cough (3 patients) if it was in the lungs, and epilepsy (1 patient) if it was in the brain. Diagnosis of this condition necessitates the performance of both laboratory tests and imaging procedures. …”
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Consequences of early life exposure to the 1983–1985 Ethiopian Great Famine on cognitive function in adults: a historical cohort study by Mubarek Abera, Getachew Arage, Tefera Belachew, Fedilu Abdulhay, Misra Abdulahi, Kalkidan Hassen Abate

“…While the overall findings highlight the importance of optimal nutrition in early life for brain growth and development, the association observed between postnatal famine exposure and adult cognitive function may indicate the relative importance of learning and experience during early childhood for optimal brain development after birth. …”
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Executive function deficit in patients with long COVID syndrome: A systematic review by Siti Maisarah Nasir, Noorazrul Yahya, Kah Hui Yap, Hanani Abdul Manan

“…This consistent disturbance also emphasised the correlation between EF deficits and brain alterations in patients with long COVID. Conclusion: The present study highlights the importance of evaluating EF deficits in long COVID patients. …”
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Pathomorphology of severe Grade 3-4 hepatic encephalopathy in decompensated cirrhosis patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure by T.V. Shulyatnikova, V.O. Tumanskiy, L.M. Tumanska

“…The above-mentioned changes confirm that the loss of consciousness and other psychoneurological manifestations of severe HE Grade 3-4 are due to compound am­monia-associated changes in the components of the glioneuronal complex, namely: adaptive remodeling and dystro­phic changes in astrocytes, reduced synaptic transmission and apoptotic neuronal death, reactive changes in microglia with a small proportion of microgliocytes involved in phagocytosis, cytotoxic brain edema and dysfunction of the glymphatic system…”
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Reorganization of gray matter networks in patients with Moyamoya disease by Huan Zhu, Peijiong Wang, Wenjie Li, Qihang Zhang, Chenyu Zhu, Tong Liu, Tao Yu, Xingju Liu, Qian Zhang, Jizong Zhao, Yan Zhang

“…Abstract Patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD) exhibit significant alterations in brain structure and function, but knowledge regarding gray matter networks is limited. …”
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Multi-dimensional evidence from the UK Biobank shows the impact of diet and macronutrient intake on aging by Chen Zhu, Youfa Wang, Xiaosong Yang, Qiran Zhao, Wenyan Xu, Xiaolu Wang, Yanjun Liang, Qihui Chen, Shenggen Fan

“…MVMR results confirm the causal benefits of carbohydrate intake, including reductions in phenotypic age (β = −0.0025; 95% CI = [−0.0047, −0.0003]; p = 0.0253) and increases in whole-brain grey matter volume (β = 0.0262; 95% CI = [0.007, 0.046]; p = 0.0087). …”
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Ultrahigh-field imaging (7 Tesla) in DNET: Unmasking microstructural imaging characteristics – A case report by Marta Calvo-Imirizaldu, Daniele Botta, Margitta Seeck, Jan Novy, Jose Federico Ojeda Esparza, Aikaterini Fitsiori, Corrado Santarosa, Kevin Battistini, Karl-Olof Lövblad, Felix T. Kurz

“…Commercial ultrahigh-field 7 Tesla (T) MRI has been approved for clinical brain imaging, including applications in epilepsy and brain tumors. …”
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