Micronutrient dose response (MiNDR) study among women of reproductive age and pregnant women in rural Bangladesh: study protocol for double-blind, randomised, controlled trials by Tahmeed Ahmed, Hasmot Ali, Michael Rosenblum, Daniel J Erchick, Towfida Jahan Siddiqua, Rezwanul Haque, Parul Christian, Sarah Baker, Eleonor Zavala, Kerry J Schulze, SM Tafsir Hasan, Khalid Bin Ahsan, Sulagna Bandyopadhyay, Hasan Mahmud Sujan, Md. Hafizur Rahman, Katherine K Stephenson, Ximing Ge, Ethan K Gough, Brooke Langevin, Lee Shu Fune Wu, Brian Dyer, Anjan Kumar Roy, Mohammad Jubair, Amena Al Nishan, Mathangi Gopalakrishnan, Klaus Kraemer

“…Supplement consumption is directly observed by study staff and weekly side effects and adverse events are monitored. Blood and urine are collected at baseline, a midpoint, and at/near the end of supplementation, with a birth visit and postpartum biospecimen collection (post supplementation) for PW. …”
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Paracrine role of endothelial IGF-1 receptor in depot-specific adipose tissue adaptation in male mice by Cheukyau Luk, Katherine I. Bridge, Nele Warmke, Katie J. Simmons, Michael Drozd, Amy Moran, Amanda D. V. MacCannell, Chew W. Cheng, Sam Straw, Jason L. Scragg, Jessica Smith, Claire H. Ozber, Chloe G. Wilkinson, Anna Skromna, Natallia Makava, Hiran A. Prag, T. Simon Futers, Oliver I. Brown, Alexander-Francisco Bruns, Andrew MN Walker, Nicole T. Watt, Romana Mughal, Kathryn J. Griffin, Nadira Y. Yuldasheva, Sunti Limumpornpetch, Hema Viswambharan, Piruthivi Sukumar, David J. Beech, Antonio Vidal-Puig, Klaus K. Witte, Michael P. Murphy, Richard C. Hartley, Stephen B. Wheatcroft, Richard M. Cubbon, Lee D. Roberts, Mark T. Kearney, Natalie J. Haywood

“…The endothelium lines all blood vessels and is close to all cells, including adipocytes. …”
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Radiological abnormalities persist following COVID-19 and correlate with impaired health-related quality of life: a prospective cohort study of hospitalised patients by Rhian M Touyz, Ninian N Lang, Kevin G Blyth, Naveed Sattar, Patrick B Mark, Stefan Siebert, Colin Berry, Iain McInnes, Giles Roditi, Neil Basu, David Corcoran, Kenneth Mangion, Alex McConnachie, David Carrick, Jaclyn Carberry, Stuart Watkins, Paul Welsh, Sabrina Nordin, Katherine Scott, Christian Delles, Bernard Kelly, Fraser Goldie, John GF Cleland, Sharon Kean, Peter Kellman, David J Lowe, Andrew J Morrow, Antonia Ho, Rosemary Woodward, Tracey Hopkins, Ryan Wereski, Massimo Palmarini, Alasdair McIntosh, Campbell Rogers, Ammani Brown, Catherine Bagot, Kathryn Scott, Robert Sykes, Colin Church, Claire Rooney, Nicola Ryan, Clare Orange, Dirk Husmeier, Xiaoyu Luo, PETER W MACFARLANE, Heerajnarain Bulluck, Iain Findlay, Evonne McLennan, Michael Briscoe, Oliver Peck, Alastair J Rankin, Gruschen Veldtman, Varun Sharma, Kathryn McLaren, Elaine Butler, Sarah Mullen, Andrew Morrow, Patrick Mark, Daniel Doherty, Alexander Payne, Jennifer S Lees, Kaitlin J Mayne, Louise Inglis, Anna Kamdar, Hannah Bayes, Vivienne B Gibson, Lynsey Gillespie, Douglas Grieve, Pauline Hall Barrientos, Christopher McGinley, Connor Mckee, Sarah Allwood-Spiers, Sarah Weeden, Laura Knox, Lynn Abel, David Stobo, Andrew Dougherty, Liam Peng, David Barrie Stobo, Sylvia Wright, Stephen Dobbin, Keith Gillis, Sarah A Spiers, Ian Fergus, Kirsty Fallon, Lesley Gilmour, Chloe Cowan, Jurgen Van-Melckebeke, Kim Moran-Jones, Debra Stuart, Maureen Travers, Laura Dymock, Fiona Savage, Nicola Tynan, Sau Lee Chang, Mhairi Dupre, Lindsey Norton, George Bruce, Rosario Gonzalez-Lopez, Rebecca Stace, Dionne Russell, Jean Watt, Shahid Latif, Nick Hill, Amy Collinsworth, Ross McGeoch Vera Lennie, Robin P Weir

“…We present a prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study using multimodality imaging to describe the pulmonary sequelae of patients hospitalised with COVID-19, predictors of persistent abnormal radiology and implications on health status.Methods In survivors of COVID-19, we performed convalescent CT pulmonary angiogram and high-resolution CT imaging as part of the CISCO-19 study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04403607). This included serial blood biomarkers and patient-reported outcomes 28–60 days following discharge from hospital.Results Of the COVID-19 cohort, 88 (56%) patients of the COVID-19 cohort (n = 159; mean age, 55 years; 43% female) had persisting radiological abnormalities at 28–60 days postdischarge. …”
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Treatment failure and drug resistance among the newly reported HIV-infected patients in Taizhou City from 2020 to 2022 by LI Yan, WU Xuanhe, SHI Lu, LI Guixia, WANG Shanling, WANG Yating, CHEN Tailin, WANG Tingting, XIE Yali, SHEN Weiwei, LIN Haijiang, CHEN Xiaoxiao, HE Na

“…ObjectiveTo analyze the failure of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and drug resistance characteristics among the newly reported HIV-infected patients in Taizhou City from 2020 to 2022.MethodsBlood samples, sociodemographic characteristics and ART information of the newly reported HIV-infected patients who received ART for ≥6 months in Taizhou City from 2020 to 2022 were collected for the detection of recent infections and HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance. …”
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Study protocol for an observational cohort study of heat stress impacts in pregnancy in The Gambia, West Africa [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations] by Jane E Hirst, Ana Bonell, Abdul Sesay, Leonidas G. Ioannou, Bubacarr Bah, Kris A. Murray, Andy Haines, Sophie E. Moore, David Jeffries, Neil S Maxwell, Ana Vicero-Cabrera, Apolline Saucy, Cally Tan, Emmanuel Okoh, Dorothy Watters, Bakary Sonko, Williams Oluwatosin Adefila, Yahaya Idris, Mam Leigh-Nabou, Jarra Manneh, Andreas Flouris, Sainabou Bojang, Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri, Andrew Prentice

“…At the end of the week, an ultrasound scan will be performed to evaluate fetal size and placental blood flow. At delivery, birth outcomes will be recorded and maternal, placental and cord samples taken for epigenetic, biochemical and histological evaluation. …”
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Effect of exposure to environmental phenols and parabens on folate concentrations among 3–19 years old children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study in NHANES 2005–2016 by Meng Ni, Zhenying Lin, Ze Chen, Ziwen Xu, Qianqian Zhang, Jiuru Zhao, Wei Li, Yanan Tang, Zelin Cao, Baihe Li, Dongting Yao, Chunyu Cheng, Yi Hu, Xiaorui Liu, Jiji Chen, Zhiwei Liu

“…Since many pollutants are co-exposed congeners, with interactive effects between pollutants, we employed multivariate linear regression model, weighted quantile sum regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to quantify the impact of folate levels in serum and red blood cell (RBC) and the overall effects of combined exposures. …”
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Exploring the effect of cold stress on the semen quality parameters of buffalo bulls by Karpenahalli Ranganatha Sriranga, Pawan Singh, Ravinder Singh, Tejeshwari Satpute, Prince Vivek, Tushar Kumar Mohanty, Pradeep Kumar, Ranjit Singh Kataria, Megha Pande, Manishi Mukesh

“…Semen collection of these bulls was done twice during the peak of winter and spring seasons with overall average ambient temperature (°C) of 12.55±0.22 and 20.21±0.68, respectively, and blood was collected on the same day for biochemical analysis. …”
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Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced severe epidermal necrolysis mediated by macrophage-derived CXCL10 and abated by TNF blockade by Chun-Bing Chen, Shuen-Iu Hung, John Wen-Cheng Chang, Chan-Keng Yang, David Hui-Kang Ma, Yu-Chuan Teng, Chun-Wei Lu, Wei-Ti Chen, Hsiao-Yin Yang, Cheng-Chang Tsai, Chih Liang Wang, Pin-Hsuan Chiang, Jennifer Wu, Ya-Wen Tsai, Lai-Ying Lu, Yang Yu-Wei Lin, Rosaline Chung-Yee Hui, Fu-Mei Hsieh, Chao-Kai Hsu, Chaw-Ning Lee, Yi-Ju Chen, Chih-Chiang Chen, Yilei Cui, Hung-Chih Hsu, Ya-Ching Chang, Chih-Jung Chang, Ho-Chen Lin, Chee Jen Chang, Yu-Jr Lin, Cheng-Lung Ku, Chuang-Wei Wang, Wen-Hung Chung

“…Based on the trajectory analysis, ICI-activated T cells from whole blood are proposed to serve as the initial cells involved in inflammation, that lead to monocytes differentiating into macrophages and increasing their susceptibility to migrate to the lesion sites. …”
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A 5-transcript signature for discriminating viral and bacterial etiology in pediatric pneumonia by Sandra Viz-Lasheras, Alberto Gómez-Carballa, Jacobo Pardo-Seco, Xabier Bello, Irene Rivero-Calle, Ana Isabel Dacosta, Myrsini Kaforou, Dominic Habgood-Coote, Aubrey J. Cunnington, Marieke Emonts, Jethro A. Herberg, Victoria J. Wright, Enitan D. Carrol, Stephane C. Paulus, Werner Zenz, Daniela S. Kohlfürst, Michiel Van der Flier, Ronald de Groot, Luregn J. Schlapbach, Philipp Agyeman, Andrew J. Pollard, Colin Fink, Taco T. Kuijpers, Suzanne Anderson, Cristina Calvo, María del Carmen Martínez-Padilla, Ana Pérez-Aragón, Esteban Gómez-Sánchez, Juan Valencia-Ramos, Francisco Giménez-Sánchez, Paula Alonso-Quintela, Laura Moreno-Galarraga, Ulrich von Both, Marko Pokorn, Dace Zavadska, María Tsolia, Clementien L. Vermont, Henriëtte A. Moll, Michael Levin, Federico Martinón-Torres, Antonio Salas

“…Our research seeks to address this gap by identifying host transcriptomic biomarkers in the blood of children with definitive viral and bacterial pneumonia. …”
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Unveiling neurogenic biomarkers for the differentiation between sepsis patients with or without encephalopathy: an updated meta-analysis by Jiyun Hu, Wenchao Li, Shucai Xie, Ya Liao, Tao Chen, Xinrun Wang, Weiping Xia, Fang Huang, Zhaoxin Qian, Lina Zhang

“…Conclusion The increased serum neurogenic biomarkers may be predictive of SAE and mortality for septic patients, which are expected to be applied as a reliable blood-based diagnostic tool for detection and longitudinal monitoring in SAE patients. …”
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Dynamic retinal vessel analysis: flickering a light into the brain by Anna Peterfi, Anna Peterfi, Anna Peterfi, Ana Clara da C. Pinaffi-Langley, Ana Clara da C. Pinaffi-Langley, Zsofia Szarvas, Zsofia Szarvas, Zsofia Szarvas, Mihaly Muranyi, Mihaly Muranyi, Mihaly Muranyi, Zalan Kaposzta, Zalan Kaposzta, Zalan Kaposzta, Cheryl Adams, Camila Bonin Pinto, Camila Bonin Pinto, Peter Mukli, Peter Mukli, Peter Mukli, Konstantin Kotliar, Andriy Yabluchanskiy, Andriy Yabluchanskiy, Andriy Yabluchanskiy, Andriy Yabluchanskiy

“…There is also evidence for the association between DVA and brain and cognition parameters such as cerebral blood flow velocity, cerebral microvascular diffusivity, and cognitive function score.DiscussionThe reviewed papers on DVA and brain function, despite the mixed results, have demonstrated the relationship between retinal vasoreactivity and cerebrovascular function and cognition. …”
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Non-lethal sonodynamic therapy mitigates hypertensive renal fibrosis through the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1-autophagy pathway by DanDan Liu, Hui Wang, Jialong Li, Siqi Sheng, Shu Wang, Ye Tian

“…NL-SDT inhibited the transition of epithelial cells into myofibroblasts by activating PI3K-AKT-mTORC1-autophagy pathway in TGF-β1-induced NRK-52E cells. (3) The administration of the pathway inhibitors showed a reciprocal effect on NL-SDT-inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (1) NL-SDT reduced blood pressure temporarily in mice model of hypertensive renal fibrosis induced by Ang II. (2) NL-SDT alleviated renal fibrosis in mice model of hypertensive renal fibrosis induced by Ang II. (3) NL-SDT promoted autophagy by inhibiting PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 signaling pathway and alleviated renal fibrosis in mice model of hypertensive renal fibrosis induced by Ang II. …”
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Evaluation of Treatment Outcomes Using dNLR and GNRI in Combination Therapy With Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab for Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Atsushi Naganuma, Satoru Kakizaki, Atsushi Hiraoka, Toshifumi Tada, Takeshi Hatanaka, Kazuya Kariyama, Joji Tani, Masanori Atsukawa, Koichi Takaguchi, Ei Itobayashi, Shinya Fukunishi, Kunihiko Tsuji, Toru Ishikawa, Kazuto Tajiri, Hidenori Toyoda, Chikara Ogawa, Hiroki Nishikawa, Takashi Nishimura, Kazuhito Kawata, Hisashi Kosaka, Masashi Hirooka, Yutaka Yata, Hideko Ohama, Hidekatsu Kuroda, Tomomitsu Matono, Tomoko Aoki, Yuki Kanayama, Kazunari Tanaka, Fujimasa Tada, Kazuhiro Nouso, Asahiro Morishita, Akemi Tsutsui, Takuya Nagano, Norio Itokawa, Tomomi Okubo, Taeang Arai, Michitaka Imai, Shinichiro Nakamura, Hirayuki Enomoto, Masaki Kaibori, Yoichi Hiasa, Masatoshi Kudo, Takashi Kumada

“…The formula for calculating dNLR is: (neutrophil count ÷ [white blood cell count—neutrophil count]), which means it does not require lymphocyte count. …”
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Reproductive hormone profiles and gametogenesis in female of giant gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy) by Gratiana E. Wijayanti, . Soeminto, Sorta B.I. Simanjuntak

“…The remained broodstocks (group B) were used to evaluate gametogenesis.  Blood sample from fish group A were taken on 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks post spawning for measurement of hormone levels.  …”
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Application of a new highly multiplexed amplicon sequencing tool to evaluate Plasmodium falciparum antimalarial resistance and relatedness in individual and pooled samples from Dsc... by Jacob M. Sadler, Alfred Simkin, Valery P. K. Tchuenkam, Isabela Gerdes Gyuricza, Isabela Gerdes Gyuricza, Abebe A. Fola, Kevin Wamae, Ashenafi Assefa, Ashenafi Assefa, Karamoko Niaré, Kyaw Thwai, Samuel J. White, William J. Moss, Rhoel R. Dinglasan, Sandrine Eveline Nsango, Christopher B. Tume, Jonathan B. Parr, Jonathan B. Parr, Jonathan B. Parr, Innocent Mbulli Ali, Jeffrey A. Bailey, Jeffrey A. Bailey, Jonathan J. Juliano, Jonathan J. Juliano, Jonathan J. Juliano, Jonathan J. Juliano

“…This assay uses oligonucleotide primers in two pools and a non-proprietary library and barcoding approach.ResultsWe evaluated Pf-SMARRT using control mocked dried blood spots (DBS) at varying levels of parasitemia and a mixture of 3D7 and Dd2 strains at known frequencies, showing the ability to genotype at low parasite density and recall within-sample allele frequencies. …”
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Nationwide multi-centric prospective study for the identification of biomarkers to predict the treatment responses of nivolumab through comprehensive analyses of pretreatment plasm... by Kuniaki Sato, Satoshi Toh, Taku Murakami, Takafumi Nakano, Takahiro Hongo, Mioko Matsuo, Kazuki Hashimoto, Masashi Sugasawa, Keisuke Yamazaki, Yushi Ueki, Torahiko Nakashima, Hideoki Uryu, Takeharu Ono, Hirohito Umeno, Tsutomu Ueda, Satoshi Kano, Kiyoaki Tsukahara, Akihito Watanabe, Ichiro Ota, Nobuya Monden, Shigemichi Iwae, Takashi Maruo, Yukinori Asada, Nobuhiro Hanai, Daisuke Sano, Hiroyuki Ozawa, Takahiro Asakage, Takahito Fukusumi, Muneyuki Masuda

“…In parallel, paired treatment-naïve tumor and plasma samples (N = 20) were assayed to elucidate biological implications of the PEX mRNA signature.ResultsAssays for pre-treatment blood samples (N = 104) demonstrated that a combination of 6 candidate PEX mRNAs plus neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio precisely distinguished non-survivors from >2-year survivors (2-year OS; 0% vs 57.7%; P = 0.000124) with a high hazard ratio of 2.878 (95% CI 1.639-5.055; P = 0.0002348). …”
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Biomarkers of pembrolizumab efficacy in advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma: analysis of a phase II clinical trial and a cohort of long-term responders by Jeffrey A Meyerhardt, Sunil Kumar, Jessica A Zerillo, Aparna Parikh, James M Cleary, Scott Rodig, Benjamin Schlechter, Kimmie Ng, Stephanie K Dougan, Nora Horick, Glenn J Hanna, Andrew L Coveler, Anuj K Patel, Nadine J McCleary, Douglas A Rubinson, Jeffrey W Clark, Kent Mouw, Kathleen Pfaff, Thomas A Abrams, Matthew B Yurgelun, Eliezer M Van Allen, S Jennifer Wang, Leah H Biller, Harshabad Singh, Emma L Welsh, Brandon M Huffman, Lestat R Ali, Megan T Hoffman, Katherine A Metayer, Shayla Murray, Alexandra Bird, Jennifer A Chan, Wolfram Goessling, Jeffrey S Wisch, Brendan Reardon, Robert J Mayer, Catherine Del Vecchio Fitz, Charlotte Kuperwasser

“…Exploratory objectives included analysis of potential predictive biomarkers including assessment of tumor-associated immune cell populations with multichannel immunofluorescence and analysis of circulating tumor tissue modified viral-human papillomavirus DNA (TTMV-HPV DNA) using serially collected blood samples. To characterize the clinical features of long-term responders, we combined data from our prospective trial with a retrospective cohort of patients with anal cancer treated with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (n=18).Results In the phase II study, the ORR to pembrolizumab monotherapy was 9.4% and the median progression-free survival was 2.2 months. …”
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Protective mechanism of safflower yellow injection on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by activating NLRP3 inflammasome by Lingmei Li, Ce Cao, Hao Guo, Li Lin, Lei Li, Yehao Zhang, Gaojie Xin, Zixin Liu, Shujuan Xu, Xiao Han, Qiong Zhang, Jianhua Fu

“…Methods The I/R model was prepared by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery for 45 min and then releasing the blood flow for 150 min. 96 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham group, I/R group, Hebeishuang group (HBS), SYI high-dose group (I/R + SYI-H), SYI medium-dose group (I/R + SYI-M) and SYI low-dose group (I/R + SYI-L). …”
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Graphene oxide scaffolds promote functional improvements mediated by scaffold-invading axons in thoracic transected rats by Marta Zaforas, Esther Benayas, Raquel Madroñero-Mariscal, Ana Domínguez-Bajo, Elena Fernández-López, Yasmina Hernández-Martín, Ankor González-Mayorga, Elena Alonso-Calviño, Eduardo R. Hernández, Elisa López-Dolado, Juliana M. Rosa, Juan Aguilar, María C. Serrano

“…Together with histological features at the lesion site, such as more abundant and larger blood vessels and more abundant, longer and more homogeneously distributed axons, our results corroborate that rGO scaffolds create a permissive environment that allows the invasion of functional axonic processes from neurons located in brainstem nuclei with motor function in a rat model of complete thoracic transection. …”
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FGF21 ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through CDK1-dependently regulating the cell cycle by Yudie Zhang, Yudie Zhang, Yudie Zhang, Yudie Zhang, Yudie Zhang, Fan Wang, Fan Wang, Fan Wang, Fan Wang, Chongyang Zhang, Chongyang Zhang, Chongyang Zhang, Chongyang Zhang, Fan Yao, Fan Yao, Fan Yao, Fan Yao, Bin Zhang, Bin Zhang, Bin Zhang, Bin Zhang, Yongping Zhang, Xiaobo Sun, Xiaobo Sun, Xiaobo Sun, Xiaobo Sun

“…Moreover, there was a notable reduction of creatinine and fasting blood glucose levels. Additionally, the CDK1 gene, a key player in controlling the cell cycle, was discovered through examination of the transcriptome sequencing data. …”
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