Targeting Brain Drug Delivery with Macromolecules Through Receptor-Mediated Transcytosis by Yuanke Li, Ruiying Liu, Zhen Zhao

“…Brain diseases pose significant treatment challenges due to the restrictive nature of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Recent advances in targeting macromolecules offer promising avenues for overcoming these obstacles through receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT). …”
Get full text

Long COVID-19: Psychological symptoms in COVID-19 and probiotics as an adjunct therapy by Angel Yun-Kuan Thye, Loh Teng-Hern Tan, Jodi Woan-Fei Law, Priyia Pusparajah, Vengadesh Letchumanan

“…Additionally, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are crucial gut microbial metabolites with essential roles, including signaling along the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, maintaining blood-brain barrier’s (BBB) integrity, neuronal functions, neurotransmitters, and neurotrophic factors modulation. …”
Get full text

Neuroprotective Effects of Stem Cells in Ischemic Stroke by Weilin Xu, Jingwei Zheng, Liansheng Gao, Tao Li, Jianmin Zhang, Anwen Shao

“…The underlying mechanism involved antiapoptosis, anti-inflammation, promotion of angiogenesis and neurogenesis, formation of new neural cells and neuronal circuitry, antioxidation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) protection. This review would focus on the types and neuroprotective actions of stem cells and its potential mechanisms for ischemic stroke.…”
Get full text

Delirium with Concurrent Use of Lithium and ECT and the Safety Implications: Case Reports and Review of the Literature by Mustafa Ali, Barikar C. Malathesh, Seshadri Sekhar Chatterjee, Soumitra Das, Prakriti Pokhrel, Mary Elizabeth Trejo Hernandez, John C. Murnin

“…Additionally, alterations in blood-brain barrier permeability, such as those caused by electroconvulsive therapy and age, increased the likelihood of delirium. …”
Get full text

Current Trends in Targeted Therapies for Glioblastoma Multiforme by Fumiharu Ohka, Atsushi Natsume, Toshihiko Wakabayashi

“…To date, many studies report several determinants of resistance to this aggressive therapy: (1) O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), (2) the complexity of several altered signaling pathways in GBM, (3) the existence of glioma stem-like cells (GSCs), and (4) the blood-brain barrier. Many studies aim to overcome these determinants of resistance to conventional therapy by using various approaches to improve the dismal prognosis of GBM such as modifying TMZ administration and combining TMZ with other agents, developing novel molecular-targeting agents, and novel strategies targeting GSCs. …”
Get full text

The Role of Glial Cells in the Pathophysiology of Epilepsy by Filiz Onat, My Andersson, Nihan Çarçak

“…Astrocytes regulate neuronal homeostasis, excitability, and synaptic plasticity, playing key roles in maintaining the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and mediating neuroinflammatory responses. …”
Get full text

Endothelial-Leukocyte Interaction in Severe Malaria: Beyond the Brain by Mariana C. Souza, Tatiana A. Padua, Maria G. Henriques

“…However, lung interactions differ from brain interactions, likely due to differences in the blood-brain barrier and blood-air barrier tight junction composition of the brain and lung endothelium. …”
Get full text

Neurocranial Pharmacodialysis Device for subarachnoid hemorrhage treatment—a perspective by Nandor Ludvig

“…The RESULTS showed the following four facts: (1) high-grade SAH requiring decompressive craniectomy readily offers, as the last step of the neurosurgical procedure, the safe closure of the opened cranium with the NPD while leaving the efficacy of the decompressive intervention intact. (2) The neurocranially attached NPD can automatically execute, as long as it is necessary, subarachnoid polypharmacy to prevent post-SAH vasospasm, reduce the risk of rebleeding, and provide neuroprotection in delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), bypassing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via connected subarachnoid strips. (3) These effects of drug delivery can be optimized with NPD-controlled long-term cleaning of the CSF and drainage of cellular debris, hydrocephalus, and interstitial edema accompanied by the subarachnoid dialysis of potentially neurotoxic extracellular molecules. (4) Safety and efficacy of these NPD operations are monitored, and possible epileptiform EEG is detected, via the wireless EEG system of the device. …”
Get full text

The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms by Wenli Jiao, Jiayi Lin, Yanfang Deng, Yelin Ji, Chuoyi Liang, Sijia Wei, Xi Jing, Fengxia Yan

“…Within the central nervous system, aberrant microglial and astrocytes activation, cytokine imbalances, and compromised blood-brain barrier integrity propagate neuroinflammation, disrupting neurotransmission, impairing neuroplasticity, and promoting neuronal injury. …”
Get full text

“White Cord Syndrome” of Acute Tetraplegia after Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion for Chronic Spinal Cord Compression: A Case Report by Kingsley R. Chin, Jason Seale, Vanessa Cumming

“…We postulate that this may have led to disruption in the blood brain barrier (BBB) and triggered a cascade of reperfusion injuries resulting in acute neurologic dysfunction. …”
Get full text

Imatinib-resistance without BCR/ABL Point Mutation in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia by Aytan Shirinova

“…In the future, new molecules for BCR-ABL inhibitors, combination therapy, and molecules entering the blood-brain barrier may improve the outcomes of therapy and prevent imatinib resistance in CML.…”
Get full text

The Nasal Route as a Potential Pathway for Delivery of Erythropoietin in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Humans by Julio Cesar García-Rodríguez, Iliana Sosa Teste

“…Intranasal delivery provides a practical, noninvasive method of bypassing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in order to deliver therapeutic agents to the brain. …”
Get full text

Effect of Hemin on Brain Alterations and Neuroglobin Expression in Water Immersion Restraint Stressed Rats by Merhan Ragy, Fatma Ali, Maggie M. Ramzy

“…Hemin decreased blood-brain barrier damage as it significantly decreased the expression of S100B. …”
Get full text

Essential Oils May Lead α-Synuclein towards Toxic Fibrils Formation by Dina Morshedi, Mahour Nasouti

“…Assuming that essential oils have the ability to pass through the blood brain barrier (BBB) along with the popular attention on aromatherapy for the incurable ND, these findings suggest an implementation of fibrillation tests for essential oils.…”
Get full text

Acute mountain sickness: pathophysiology and prevention by PAWEŁ MOCZYDŁOWSKI, Karolina Kuczapska, Anna Gliwa, Monika Ryglewicz, Dariusz Fabian, Elżbieta Leszczyńska-Knaga, Natalia Jakubczyk, Weronika Rutkowska-Kawalec, Marek Kurowski, Karolina Michalczuk

“…Key mechanisms including changes in blood-brain barrier permeability, activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the role of diuresis in the development of AMS are analysed. …”
Get full text

Promising inhibitors against main protease of SARS CoV-2 from medicinal plants: In silico identification by EBENEZER OLUWAKEMI, SHAPI MICHAEL

“…The results detailed that savinin exhibits high gastrointestinal absorption and can penetrate through the blood-brain barrier. Also, modifying these natural scaffolds with excellent binding affinity may lead to discovering of anti-SARS CoV agents with promising safety profiles.…”
Get full text

Multifaceted neuroprotective effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in Alzheimer’s disease: an overview of pre-clinical studies focused on β-amyloid peptide by Kumju Youn, Chi-Tang Ho, Mira Jun

“…Furthermore, to understand its mechanism of action on the brain, the permeability of the blood-brain barrier was also discussed.…”
Get full text

Role of Thyroid Hormone in Neurodegenerative Disorders of Older People by Arshag D. Mooradian, Michael J. Haas

“…The pathophysiology of TH-related neurodegeneration include changes in the blood–brain barrier, increased cellular stress, altered processing of β-amyloid precursor protein and the effect of TH on neuronal cell viability. …”
Get full text

The emerging role of 12/15-lipoxygenase in ischemic stroke by Xuening Wang, Qiuji Shao, Yuan Gao

“…In this review, we elaborate on the key pathological mechanisms that unfold following ischemic stroke, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and blood-brain barrier disruption, and present evidence demonstrating that 12/15-LOX inhibition could be used to treat ischemic stroke through various avenues. …”
Get full text

Tight junction proteins in glial tumors development and progression by Jakub Moskal, Slawomir Michalak, Slawomir Michalak

“…Furthermore, the paracellular permeability of the blood–brain barrier, formed with the involvement of tight junction proteins, influences the development of peritumoral edema – and, simultaneously, the rate of drug delivery to the glial tumor. …”
Get full text