Adverse drug events (ADEs) risk signal mining related to eculizumab based on the FARES database by Xi-Feng Wang, Lu-Ri Bao, Ta-La Hu, Rui-Feng Xu, Wu-Niri Gao, Jing-Yuan Wang, Jian-Rong Zhao, Zhen-Li Fu, Shu-Fang Wang, Yan Meng

“…The current study was conducted to assess real-world adverse events (AEs) associated with eculizumab through data mining of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).MethodsDisproportionality analyses, including Reporting Ratio Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-Item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS) algorithms were used to quantify the signals of eculizumab-associated AEs.ResultsA total of 46,316 eculizumab-related ADEs reports were identified by analyzing 19,418,776 reports in the U.S. …”
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A Survey of Differential Privacy Techniques for Federated Learning by Wang Xin, Li Jiaqian, Ding Xueshuang, Zhang Haoji, Sun Lianshan

“…This paper comprehensively expounds the research status of differential privacy techniques based on the federated learning framework, first providing detailed introductions to federated learning and differential privacy technologies, and then summarizing the development status of two types of federated learning differential privacy(DPFL) techniques respectively; for CDPFL, the paper divides the discussion into first proposal of CDP and typical application examples, the impact of Gaussian mechanisms on model accuracy, optimization based on asynchronous differential privacy, and insights from other scholars; for LDPFL, the paper divides the discussion into first proposal of LDP and typical application examples, processing multidimensional data and improving model accuracy, existing methods and optimization for reducing communication costs, balancing privacy protection and data usability, LDPFL based on the Shuffle model, and insights from other scholars; following this, the paper addresses and summarizes the unique challenges introduced by incorporating differential privacy into federated learning and proposes solutions; finally, based on a summary of existing optimization techniques, the paper outlines future directions and specifically discusses three research ideas for enhancing the optimization effects of federated differential privacy: advanced optimization strategies combining Bayesian methods and the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM), integrating lattice homomorphic encryption techniques from cryptography to achieve more efficient differential privacy protection in federated learning, and exploring the application of zero-knowledge proof techniques in federated learning for privacy protection.…”
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Dissecting Causal Relationships Between Antihypertensive Drug, Gut Microbiota, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: A Mendelian Randomization Study by He Zheng, Shiping Wu, Wenbin Wang, Weida Qiu, Yingqing Feng

“…Sensitivity analysis, including reverse causality detection, horizontal pleiotropy, phenotype scanning, and Bayesian colocalization, was used to validate our findings. …”
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Global trends and epidemiological impact of metabolic risk factors on atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter from 1990 to 2021 by Junqing Liang, Jun Shen, Yankai Guo, Manzeremu Rejiepu, Xiuwen Ling, Xiaoyan Wang, Yi Jian, Xing Zhang, Shijie Shao, Baopeng Tang, Ling Zhang

“…Age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR), mortality, and estimated annual percentage change were calculated. The Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort model was utilized to predict future trends in ASDR and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for AF/AFL 2030. …”
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Burden trends and future predictions for hypertensive heart disease attributable to non-optimal temperatures in the older adults amidst climate change, 1990–2021 by Can Xu, Xinyu Nie, Rui Xu, Ge Han, Dongjin Wang

“…Future burden projections were modeled using age-period-cohort (APC) and Bayesian APC models to assess temperature impact by gender and age differences. …”
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Geographical distribution of eight neuromuscular disorders in the Netherlands based on a nationwide registry by Johanna C.W. Deenen, André L.M. Verbeek, Pieter A. van Doorn, Catharina G. Faber, Anneke J. van der Kooi, Nicolette C. Notermans, Jan J.G.M. Verschuuren, Baziel G.M. van Engelen, Nicol C. Voermans

“…To address possible outliers due to low population numbers, Bayesian smoothing techniques should be considered in future research.…”
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Identification of climate-sensitive disease incidences in vietnam: A longitudinal retrospective analysis of infectious disease rates between 2014 and 2022 by Cuong Quoc Hoang, Quang Phuong Huynh Nguyen, Thao Phuong Huynh Nguyen, Hieu Trung Nguyen, Linh Thuy Hoang, Giang Huong Vu, Woong-Ki Kim, Hai Duc Nguyen

“…Method: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study spanning 108 consecutive months from 2014 to 2022 in Can Tho, Vietnam to identify common infectious diseases (excluding tuberculosis, HIV, and COVID-19) and their associations with climate change and determine which common diseases presented concurrently with the COVID-19 period using multivariate linear regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. …”
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Genetically predicted causal link between the plasma lipidome and pancreatic diseases: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study by Liaoyi Lin, Yingbao Huang, Songzan Qian, Lifang Chen, Houzhang Sun

“…Inverse variance weighted was adopted as the main statistical method. Bayesian weighted MR was employed for further verification. …”
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Estimating the global health impact of gender-based violence and violence against children: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol by Joht Singh Chandan, Emmanuela Gakidou, Jaidev Kaur Chandan, Nicholas Metheny, Mariam Khalil, Cory N Spencer, María Jose Baeza, Alexandra Debure, Molly Herbert, Teresa Jewell, Rachel Qian Hui Lim, Sonica Minhas

“…For exposure–outcome pairs with sufficient data, evidence will be synthesised via a meta-regression—Bayesian, regularised, trimmed model and confidence in the cumulative evidence assessed via the burden of proof risk function. …”
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The saprotrophic Pleurotus ostreatus species complex: late Eocene origin in East Asia, multiple dispersal, and complex speciation by Jing Li, Li-Hong Han, Xiao-Bin Liu, Zhi-Wei Zhao, Zhu L. Yang

“…Comprehensive sampling from Asia, Europe, North and South America and Africa was used to run phylogenetic analyses of the P. ostreatus species complex based on 40 nuclear single-copy orthologous genes using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses. Here, we present a robust phylogeny of the P. ostreatus species complex, fully resolved from the deepest nodes to species level. …”
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Viral and immune dynamics of genital human papillomavirus infections in young women with high temporal resolution. by Nicolas Tessandier, Baptiste Elie, Vanina Boué, Christian Selinger, Massilva Rahmoun, Claire Bernat, Sophie Grasset, Soraya Groc, Anne-Sophie Bedin, Thomas Beneteau, Marine Bonneau, Christelle Graf, Nathalie Jacobs, Tsukushi Kamiya, Marion Kerioui, Julie Lajoie, Imène Melki, Jean-Luc Prétet, Bastien Reyné, Géraldine Schlecht-Louf, Mircea T Sofonea, Olivier Supplisson, Chris Wymant, Vincent Foulongne, Jérémie Guedj, Christophe Hirtz, Marie-Christine Picot, Jacques Reynes, Vincent Tribout, Édouard Tuaillon, Tim Waterboer, Michel Segondy, Ignacio G Bravo, Nathalie Boulle, Carmen Lía Murall, Samuel Alizon

“…We collected data on virus load, local immune cell populations, local concentrations of cytokines, and circulating antibody titres. Using hierarchical Bayesian statistical modelling to simultaneously analyse the data from 164 HPV infections from 76 participants, we show that in two months after infection, HPV viral load in non-persisting infections reaches a plateau that lasts on average for 13 to 20 months (95% credibility interval) and is then followed by a rapid clearance phase. …”
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The presence of iteroparous salmonid spawning grounds affects the stable isotope signatures of food web components in Swedish boreal streams by Rahmat Naddafi, Magnus Enbom, Carin Magnhagen, Nazila Hajizadeh Koupayh, Daniel Holmqvist, Hans Lundqvist

“…Both Atlantic salmon and sea trout eggs had higher δ15N values and lower δ13C values than their muscles. A Bayesian mixing model revealed variations in the diet of brown trout in different streams. …”
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Non-pharmacological interventions for primary hypertension: a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol by Tao Xu, Fan-rong Liang, Qifu Li, Taipin Guo, Ziwen Chen, Yun-Jie Shu, Xueli Zhou

“…The primary outcomes will encompass changes in systolic and diastolic BP. Pairwise and Bayesian NMA will be conducted using ‘meta’ and ‘GeMTC’ package (R 4.4.1). …”
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Comparisons of adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: a real-world disproportionality analysis based on the FDA... by Ruichen Gao, Wenjun Liang, Jintao Chen, Mingxia Yang, Xiaowei Yu, Xiaohua Wang

“…Methods Disproportionality analysis and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN) were utilized to identify pharmacovigilance signals from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). …”
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Indirect treatment comparison of lanadelumab and a C1-esterase inhibitor in pediatric patients with hereditary angioedema by Maureen Watt, Rachel Goldgrub, Mia Malmenas, Katrin Haeussler

“…Model selection among unadjusted, adjusted and weighted regression models was conducted through the Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria. Results: Lanadelumab 150 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W) reduced the monthly HAE attack rate by 82.1% versus C1-INH(IV) 1000 IU twice weekly (every 3–4 days [BIW]; rate ratio [RR], 0.1792 [95% CI: 0.0296–1.0853]) and by 88.9% versus C1-INH(IV) 500 IU BIW (RR: 0.1107 [95% CI: 0.0234–0.5239]). …”

Global Mean and Relative Sea-Level Changes Over the Past 66 Myr: Implications for Early Eocene Ice Sheets by K. G. Miller, W. J. Schmelz, J. V. Browning, Y. Rosenthal, A. V. Hess, R. E. Kopp, J. D. Wright

“…We combine records of BSL, temperature-driven sea level, and long-term ocean basin volume variations to derive a new global mean geocentric sea level (GMGSL; “eustatic”) estimate. Bayesian analysis with Gaussian process priors shows that our BSL estimate shares a component that covaries on the Myr scale with “backstripped” relative sea-level (RSL) estimates (accounting for compaction, loading, and thermal subsidence) from the US Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain, validating our method and estimates with errors of ±10 m. …”
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Sequence-structure based prediction of pathogenicity for amino acid substitutions in proteins associated with primary immunodeficiencies by Ekaterina S. Porfireva, Anton D. Zadorozhny, Anastasia V. Rudik, Dmitry A. Filimonov, Alexey A. Lagunin, Alexey A. Lagunin

“…SSPR models were created for each protein using the MultiPASS software based on the Bayesian algorithm and different levels of MNA (Multilevel Neighborhoods of Atoms) descriptors for the representation of structural formulas of protein fragments including AAS.ResultsThe accuracy of prediction was assessed through a 5-fold cross-validation and compared to other bioinformatics tools, such as SIFT4G, Polyphen2 HDIV, FATHMM, MetaSVM, PROVEAN, ClinPred, and Alpha Missense. …”
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Expression of Wnt signaling proteins LEF1, β-catenin, GSK3β, DVL1, and N-myc varies across retinoblastoma subtypes and pRb phosphorylation status by Leon Marković, Anja Bukovac, Ana Maria Varošanec, Antonia Jakovčević, Davor Tomas, Zdenko Sonicki, Borna Puljko, Fran Dumančić, Reno Hrašćan, Nives Pećina-Šlaus

“…Immunohistochemistry assessed proteins’ expressions, followed by semi-quantitative analysis using the Immunoreactivity Score (IRS). Bayesian statistical methods were employed for data analysis. …”
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Burden of esophageal cancer in global, regional and national regions from 1990 to 2021 and its projection until 2050: results from the GBD study 2021 by Chengcheng Zhang, Linzhi Chen, Yuqi Xiu, Hongling Zhang, Yuejuan Zhang, Wenjuan Ying

“…The study further explored the relationship between EC burden and socioeconomic development by utilizing the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), aggregating data by regions. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model was applied to project future trends until 2050.ResultsIn 2021, there were 576,529 new esophageal cancer cases, with an age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of 6.65 per 100,000, reflecting a 24.87% decrease since 1990. …”
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Fournier Gangrene Associated with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors: A Pharmacovigilance Study with Data from the U.S. FDA Adverse Event Reporting System by Yang Hu, Ziyu Bai, Yan Tang, Rongji Liu, Bin Zhao, Jian Gong, Dan Mei

“…Disproportionality analysis and Bayesian analysis were applied for data mining among the suspected adverse event reports of FG associated with SGLT2 inhibitors recorded in the FAERS database during the period from January 2004 to September 2019. …”
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