Long-Term Follow-Up after Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Patients with Severe Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Unresponsive to Conventional Therapy by Stefania Leuci, Massimo Amato, Elena Calabria, Raffaele Piscopo, Fausto Tranfa, Gianrico Spagnuolo, Michele Davide Mignogna

“…Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a heterogeneous group of rare, systemic, autoimmune subepidermal inflammatory disease that affects mucous membranes and the eye. …”
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Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus Aureus in Multiple Sclerosis Patients and its Essential Role in the Pathogenicity of the Disease by Suhad Hassan Aubaid, Ekhlas Saddam Falih, Suhaib khalid Ibrahim

“… Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory, autoimmune neurological disease of the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis by Jie Ma, Chenlu Zhu, Bin Ma, Jie Tian, Samuel Essien Baidoo, Chaoming Mao, Wei Wu, Jianguo Chen, Jia Tong, Min Yang, Zhijun Jiao, Huaxi Xu, Liwei Lu, Shengjun Wang

“…Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are recognized as a distinct CD4+ helper T-cell subset, which provides for B-cell activation and production of specific antibody responses, and play a critical role in the development of autoimmune disease. So far, only one study investigated the circulating Tfh cells increased in a subset of SLE patients. …”
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Therapeutic proteins immunogenicity: a peptide point of view by Feliciana Real-Fernandez, Fosca Errante, Andrea Di Santo, Anna Maria Papini, Paolo Rovero

“…Protein therapeutics are extensively used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, but a subset of patients appears to be refractory to these treatments, mainly due to the development of an immune response to the drug. …”
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Expansion of Circulating T Follicular Helper Cells in Children with Acute Henoch-Schönlein Purpura by Jue Xie, Yan Liu, Lei Wang, Guoxiang Ruan, Huiming Yuan, Hong Fang, Jianyong Wu, Dawei Cui

“…Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a common systemic small vessel vasculitis in children with disorder autoimmune responses. T follicular helper (TFH) cells play crucial roles in regulating immune responses. …”
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Adipocytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Hidden Link between Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities by Piero Ruscitti, Paola Di Benedetto, Onorina Berardicurti, Vasiliki Liakouli, Francesco Carubbi, Paola Cipriani, Roberto Giacomelli

“…Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting typically synovial joints and leading to progressive articular damage, disability, and reduced quality of life. …”
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Development and Treatments of Inflammatory Cells and Cytokines in Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Ping Zhu, Jia-xin Li, Masayuki Fujino, Jian Zhuang, Xiao-Kang Li

“…For treatment of several intractable autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), where inflammatory cytokines are involved in disease progression, anti-inflammatory cytokine antagonist is now available. …”
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Idiopathic CRMO and MEFV Gene Variant Alleles: Is There Any Relationship? by Farhad Salehzadeh, Hassan Anari, Sepehr Sarkhanloo

“…Although there is an idiopathic type of disease, it is usually associated with some autoimmune disorders. This study evaluates MEFV gene mutations as background pathology of idiopathic CRMO. …”
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Lipid and Bile Acid Dysmetabolism in Crohn’s Disease by Koji Uchiyama, Hisashi Kishi, Wataru Komatsu, Masanori Nagao, Shuji Ohhira, Gen Kobashi

“…Crohn’s disease is one of the systemic autoimmune diseases. It commonly affects the small intestine and colon but may involve any portion of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. …”
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Detection of Insulin in Insulin-Deficient Islets of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes by Yuliya Krivova, Alexandra Proshchina, Dmitry Otlyga, Anastasia Kharlamova, Sergey Saveliev

“…Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is related to the autoimmune destruction of β-cells, leading to their almost complete absence in patients with longstanding T1D. …”
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Foxp3 Expression in Liver Correlates with the Degree but Not the Cause of Inflammation by Matthaios Speletas, Nikoletta Argentou, Georgios Germanidis, Themistoclis Vasiliadis, Konstantinos Mantzoukis, Kalliopi Patsiaoura, Pavlos Nikolaidis, Vaios Karanikas, Konstantinos Ritis, Anastasios E. Germenis

“…Liver biopsies obtained from 69 individuals (26 chronic HBV hepatitis, 14 chronic HCV hepatitis, 11 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 8 autoimmune diseases, 2 methotrexate-related toxicity, and 8 controls) were examined, by qRT-PCR, for the mRNA expression of Foxp3, IL-10, TGF-β1, Fas, FasL, TRAIL, caspase-3, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-1β. …”
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Interactions between Neutrophils, Th17 Cells, and Chemokines during the Initiation of Experimental Model of Multiple Sclerosis by Dagmara Weronika Wojkowska, Piotr Szpakowski, Dominika Ksiazek-Winiarek, Marcin Leszczynski, Andrzej Glabinski

“…Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) in which activated T cell and neutrophil interactions lead to neuroinflammation. …”
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Alexithymia in multiple sclerosis: past, present and future by Samar S. Ayache, Samar S. Ayache, Samar S. Ayache, Samar S. Ayache, Moussa A. Chalah, Moussa A. Chalah, Moussa A. Chalah

“…In multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, alexithymia seems to occur in up to 53% of patients. …”
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Atherosclerosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: More Than a Simple Association by Lorenzo Cavagna, Nicola Boffini, Giovanni Cagnotto, Flora Inverardi, Vittorio Grosso, Roberto Caporali

“…Moreover, atherosclerosis may be directly mediated also by underlying autoimmune processes, and indirectly by the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and impaired physical activity. …”
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Immunological Aspects of Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes in Chinese by Zhen Wang, Ying Zheng, Yiting Tu, Zhijie Dai, Jian Lin, Zhiguang Zhou

“…We also detected a significant increase for IFN-γ expression in FT1D PBMCs as compared with that of healthy controls. Conclusion. Autoimmune responses might be involved in the pathogenesis of Chinese FT1D.…”
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Altered Brain Glucose Consumption in Cogan’s Syndrome by Paolo Mora, Livia Ruffini, Caterina Ghetti, Stella Ghirardini, Maura Scarlattei, Giorgio Baldari, Carla Cidda, Pierangela Rubino, Stefano A. Gandolfi, Jelka G. Orsoni

“…The patients were divided into three clinical groups: typical CS; atypical CS (ACS); autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED). The unmatched control group (CG) consisted of subjects requiring FDG-PET/CT for an extracranial pathology. …”
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Myasthenic Crisis in an Elderly Patient with Positive Antibodies against Acetylcholine and Anti-MuSK, Successfully Treated with Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation by José A. Fernández, Antonio Fernández-Valiñas, Daniel Hernández, Joel Orozco, Antonio Lugo

“…Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness. …”
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Resistance Exercise Reduces Skeletal Muscle Cachexia and Improves Muscle Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Salaheddin Sharif, James M. Thomas, David A. Donley, Diana L. Gilleland, Daniel E. Bonner, Jean L. McCrory, W. Guyton Hornsby, Hua Zhao, Mathew W. Lively, Jo Ann A. Hornsby, Stephen E. Alway

“…Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune, inflammatory disease associated with cachexia (reduced muscle and increased fat). …”
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Multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis with 472,819 individuals identifies 32 novel risk loci for psoriasis by Min Zhang, Wenting Su, Jiahui Deng, Bin Zhai, Gaizhi Zhu, Ran Gao, Qi Zeng, Jinming Qiu, Ziqing Bian, He Xiao, Guoming Luan, Renxi Wang

“…Gene-set analyses and the genetic correlation revealed that psoriasis-related genes have the positive correlations with autoimmune diseases such as ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel diseases, and Crohn’s disease. …”
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Abrogation of mercuric chloride-induced nephritis in the Brown Norway rat by treatment with antibodies against TNFα by A. Molina, F. Sánchez-Madrid, T. Bricio, A. Martín, E. Escudero, V. Alvarez, F. Mampaso

“…HgCl2 induces an autoimmune disease in the Brown Norway rat characterized by synthesis of autoantibodies (mainly, anti-GBM Abs), severe proteinuria and interstitial nephritis. …”
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