Deep Venous Thrombosis and Bilateral Pulmonary Embolism Revealing Silent Celiac Disease: Case Report and Review of the Literature by Igor Dumic, Scott Martin, Nadim Salfiti, Robert Watson, Tamara Alempijevic

“…Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic, chronic autoimmune disease that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals following dietary gluten exposure. …”
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Systematic review of bidirectional interaction between gut microbiome, miRNAs, and human pathologies by Lorenzo Drago, Lorenzo Drago, Luigi Regenburgh De La Motte, Loredana Deflorio, Delia Francesca Sansico, Michela Salvatici, Emanuele Micaglio, Manuele Biazzo, Fabiana Giarritiello, Fabiana Giarritiello

“…Studies were included if they investigated the interaction between miRNAs and the gut microbiome in the context of gastrointestinal diseases, obesity, autoimmune diseases, cognitive and neurodegenerative disorders, and autism. …”
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Shifting the paradigm of type 1 diabetes: a narrative review of disease-modifying therapies by Alexander J. O’Donovan, Seth Gorelik, Seth Gorelik, Laura M. Nally

“…A new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) may be accompanied by numerous lifelong financial, emotional, and physical challenges, thus advancements in therapies that can delay the onset of clinical disease are crucial. T1D is an autoimmune condition involving destruction of pancreatic beta cells leading to insulin deficiency, hyperglycemia, and long-term insulin dependence. …”
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Neuropsychiatric Lupus and Lupus Nephritis Successfully Treated with Combined IVIG and Rituximab: An Alternative to Standard of Care by Mohamed M. Cheikh, Abdullah K. Bahakim, Moayad K. Aljabri, Saad M. Alharthi, Sanad M. Alharthi, Abdullah K. Alsaeedi, Saad F. Alqahtani

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with unpredictable course and flares. …”
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Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy Presenting with Unusual Behavioural Disturbances in an Adolescent Girl by Murugan Selvaraj Karthik, Kulothungan Nandhini, Viswanath Subashini, Ramasamy Balakrishnan

“…Hashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE) is a rare autoimmune disorder with neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations and elevated titres of anti-thyroid antibodies. …”
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Role of Inflammasomes in Neuroimmune and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review by Yue Lang, Fengna Chu, Donghui Shen, Weiguanliu Zhang, Chao Zheng, Jie Zhu, Li Cui

“…Several components of inflammasomes, such as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain- (NOD-) like receptor, absent in melanoma 2- (AIM2-) like receptors (ALRs), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), and caspase-1, as well as the upstream factors and downstream effectors, are associated with the initiation and development of MS and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Additionally, inflammasomes affect the efficacy of interferon-β therapy in patients with MS. …”
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Advanced application of metal nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by Wenjing Zhang, Tingting Xu, Yu Chen, Guiyang Zhang, Yongbo Song

“…Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by the deterioration of cartilage and bone, leading to joint damage and increased mortality rates. …”
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Histological diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis in one patient without cholestasis alterations: a case report that escaped guidelines by Matteo Biagi, Elisa Bernasconi, Carmela Cursaro, Enrico Ronconi, Filippo Zanni, Pamela Sighinolfi, Pietro Andreone

“…Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune cholangiopathy that affects mainly women and, if untreated, can evolve into biliary cirrhosis. …”
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Modern methods of studying of human gastro-intestinal microflora by Ye. A. Poluektova, O. S. Lyashenko, O. S. Shifrin, A. A. Sheptulin, V. T. Ivashkin

“…New data on relation of disorders of microflora with diseases of cardio-vascular system, disorders of metabolism, autoimmune and allergic diseases have appeared. From the middle of XX century bacteriological method of investigation based on obtaining of pure culture was widely applied in rating of microflora pattern. …”
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Late-Onset Isolated Corticotrope Deficiency in a Woman with Down Syndrome by Ibtissem Oueslati, Marwa Ben Jemaa, Meriem Yazidi, Fatma Chaker, Melika Chihaoui

“…The mechanism of isolated corticotrope deficiency is unclear, but it may be induced by autoimmune mechanism in similar to other disorders of patients with Down syndrome.…”
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Quality of Life Study in Chronic Diseases: More Needed Than Ever by Laurentius Aswin Pramono

“…Graves’ ophthalmopathy is a progressive thyroid-related disease that causes eye symptoms due to an autoimmune reaction targeting thyrotropin/thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors in the orbital space. …”
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The Alpha-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Induces Conversion of Effector T Cells into Treg Cells by Andrew W. Taylor, Darren J. Lee

“…Such α-MSH-treated T cells have immune regulatory activity and suppress hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases, and graft rejection. Previous characterizations of the α-MSH-induced Treg cells showed that the cells are CD4+ T cells expressing the same levels of CD25 as effector T cells. …”
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Editorial: The expanding Frontiers of stem cells therapy in oral maxillo-facial engineering and regenerative medicine by Christiane L. Salgado, Christiane L. Salgado, Andrea Cochis, Elena M. Varoni, Rui Amaral Mendes, Rui Amaral Mendes, Rui Amaral Mendes, Rui Amaral Mendes

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Genetic Basis of Sjögren's Syndrome. How Strong is the Evidence? by Juan-Manuel Anaya, Angélica María Delgado-Vega, John Castiblanco

“…Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a late-onset chronic autoimmune disease (AID) affecting the exocrine glands, mainly the salivary and lachrymal. …”
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Chemokines in Renal Diseases by Stephan Segerer, Peter J. Nelson

“…Therefore, it is not surprising that chemokines play important roles in a wide range of human diseases, including genetic immunodeficiencies, infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignant tumors. In this report, we have reviewed recent developments (since mid 2003) in chemokines in renal diseases. …”
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Development of Multiple Myeloma of the IgA Type in a Patient with Cold Agglutinin Disease: Transformation or Coincidence? by Øystein Sefland, Ulla Randen, Sigbjørn Berentsen

“…Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is an autoimmune hemolytic anemia and a distinct, clonal bone marrow lymphoproliferative disorder, characterized in most cases by a monoclonal IgMκ serum protein. …”
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The Role of Pseudocereals in Celiac Disease: Reducing Nutritional Deficiencies to Improve Well-Being and Health by Carolina Caeiro, Caroline Pragosa, Marisa Carreira Cruz, Cidália Daniela Pereira, Sónia Gonçalves Pereira

“…Celiac disease or gluten-dependent enteropathy is a chronic autoimmune pathology triggered by dietary gluten in genetic predisposed individuals, mediated by transglutaminase 2 IgA autoantibodies and associated with a deteriorating immune and inflammatory response. …”
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Update on New Antigens in the Pathogenesis of Membranous Nephropathy by Maurizio Salvadori, Aris Tsalouchos

“…The remaining 30% were called secondary because they developed due to well-known diseases such as autoimmune diseases, tumours, infections, or drug assumptions. …”
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Update on Primary Biliary Cirrhosis by Jenny Heathcote

“…The etiology of PBC remains elusive; studies suggest that the interlobular bile duct destruction is immune based, and associated autoimmune diseases are common. …”
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Role of microglia in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and links to immunomodulatory therapy by P. Valiukevičius, R. Liutkevičienė, R. Balnytė

“… Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Multiple sclerosis causes demyelination, impaired nervous system function, and eventually neurodegeneration. …”
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