New Onset Insomnia in a Pediatric Patient: A Case of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis by Tamar N. Goldberg, Michael F. Cellucci

“…Certain clinical features such as mood lability, movement disorders, speech dysfunction, seizures, and autonomic instability in a pediatric patient should prompt immediate concern and evaluation for autoimmune encephalitis among providers. We present the case of a pediatric patient with anti-NMDAR encephalitis in which the symptom prompting medical evaluation was insomnia. …”
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Anti-Interleukin-6 Receptor Antibody Therapy-Induced Retinopathy in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis by Asumi Tada, Noriyasu Hashida, Toshio Tanaka, Kohji Nishida

“…Tocilizumab, a humanized anti-human interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor monoclonal antibody, is beneficial for treating autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). …”
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TRIM21-mediated PRMT1 degradation attenuates colorectal cancer malignant progression by Menghan Cao, Zhiying Shao, Xingyou Qian, Miaolei Chen, Chuyin Deng, Xintian Chen, Tingting Tang, Kaixu Zhang, Sufang Chu, Junnian Zheng, Jin Bai, Zhongwei Li

“…Abstract Tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21) plays a crucial role in antiviral responses and autoimmune diseases. While the impact of TRIM21 on cancer has been studied in various tumors, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. …”
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Targeted Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis in the New Era by WANG Jun, MENG Juan

“…Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. The clinical manifestation of RA involves various organs and systems both inside and outside the joints, and often exhibits strong clinical heterogeneity with unclear pathogenesis. …”
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Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secondary to refractory acute myeloid leukemia resolved after second line treatment with azacitidine plus venetoclax by Claudio Fozza

“…Secondary HLH typically occurs in conjunction with severe infections, malignancies or autoimmune disorders and intensive chemotherapy, potentially complicating treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in around 10% of cases. …”
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Critical evaluation of pathogenic factors of primary biliary cirrhosis by A. F. Sheptulina, M. V. Mayevskaya, V. T. Ivashkin

“…Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is related to the group of autoimmune cholestasisassociated liver diseases. In the last years prevalence of PBC increased considerably, especially – in Northern European countries. …”
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Leprosy Mimicking Common Rheumatologic Entities: A Trial for the Clinician in the Era of Biologics by Deepak Rath, Shrinath Bhargava, Bijit Kumar Kundu

“…However, when an entity of infective aetiology like leprosy known to be a great mimic of different autoimmune conditions presents with features similar to these, the possibility of it being diagnosed at the outset is very slim indeed. …”
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Eosinophilic Enteritis with Ascites in a Patient with Overlap Syndrome by Spyros Aslanidis, Athina Pyrpasopoulou, Kostas Soufleris, Eirini Kazantzidou, Stella Douma

“…Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, however, has only rarely been described in rheumatological conditions, despite its reported connection to autoimmune diseases, such as hypereosinophilic syndrome, vasculitides, and systemic mastoidosis. …”
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Correlates of Protection for M Protein-Based Vaccines against Group A Streptococcus by Shu Ki Tsoi, Pierre R. Smeesters, Hannah R. C. Frost, Paul Licciardi, Andrew C. Steer

“…Group A streptococcus (GAS) is known to cause a broad spectrum of illness, from pharyngitis and impetigo, to autoimmune sequelae such as rheumatic heart disease, and invasive diseases. …”
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Role of Neutrophils in Psoriasis by Wen-Ming Wang, Hong-Zhong Jin

“…Emerging evidences have demonstrated that neutrophils may play a role in autoimmune diseases. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the activity of neutrophils, and the number of NETotic cells were significantly higher in psoriasis patients compared to healthy controls. …”
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Case Report: Diagnostic itinerary of a male case of juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus in Bouake by Aissata Doucoure Traore, Aissata Doucoure Traore, Joseph Kan Enock Koffi, Joseph Kan Enock Koffi, Christ Ziahy Reine Marie Koffi, Christ Ziahy Reine Marie Koffi, Konan Joe Clovis Yao, Konan Joe Clovis Yao, Jean Jacque Goua, Jean Jacque Goua, Ehaulier Soh Christian Kouakou, Ehaulier Soh Christian Kouakou, Weu Melanie Tia, Weu Melanie Tia, Felix Jean Claude Daboiko, Felix Jean Claude Daboiko

“…Juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JLES) is an autoimmune disease of unknown aetiology. It is more common in girls but can occur in boys. …”
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Diagnostic Dilemma of Disseminated Histoplasmosis Mimicking Hemophagocytosis Lymphohistiocytosis in Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis on Anti-TNF Therapy: Case Report and Review of... by Saurav Suman, Aleksander Lenert

“…Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) have become the cornerstone for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other systemic autoimmune conditions. However, these biologic DMARDs can lead to various opportunistic infections such as viral infection, tuberculosis, and histoplasmosis. …”
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Lipschütz Genital Ulceration as Initial Manifestation of Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome by Filipa de Castro Coelho, Maria Amaral, Lúcia Correia, Maria João Nunes Campos, Tereza Paula, Augusta Borges, Jorge Borrego

“…Reactive acute genital ulcers (Lipschütz ulcers) should be considered as a possible manifestation of many autoimmune/inflammatory disorders, beyond the classic associations such as Behçet’s syndrome or Crohn’s disease.…”
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Combined Cerebellar and Spinal Cord Deficits Caused by an Underlying Gynecologic Malignancy by Tamer Othman, Moshe-Samuel Hendizadeh, Ritika Vankina, Susan Park, Phyllis Kim

“…Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is an uncommon autoimmune disorder targeting antigens within the nervous system and is usually associated with an underlying malignancy. …”
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An Unusual Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Hemophagocytic Syndrome by Saika Sharmeen, Nazia Hussain

“…Hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an immune mediated phenomenon that can occur in the setting of an autoimmune disease, chronic immunosuppression, malignancy, or infection. …”
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From diagnosis to treatment: exploring the mechanisms underlying optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis by Bin Tong, Xin Zhang, Haijian Hu, Huayi Yang, Xifeng Wang, Maolin Zhong, Fan Yang, Fuzhou Hua

“…Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, commonly causing sensory disturbances, motor weakness, impaired gait, incoordination and optic neuritis (ON). …”
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Arsenic Trioxide in Synergy with Vitamin D Rescues the Defective VDR-PPAR-γ Functional Module of Autophagy in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Weiyan Wang, Chunling Li, Zhiyi Zhang, Yue Zhang

“…Dysregulated autophagy leads to autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). …”
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Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: The Present Alternative for High-Incidence Diseases, Even SARS-Cov-2 by Karen J. Juárez-Navarro, Eduardo Padilla-Camberos, Néstor Fabián Díaz, Ariel Miranda-Altamirano, N. Emmanuel Díaz-Martínez

“…Nowadays, there are more than a thousand registered clinical trials related to MSC application around the world, highlighting MSC role on difficult-to-treat high-incidence diseases such as the current COVID-19, HIV infections, and autoimmune and metabolic diseases. Here, we summarize a general overview of MSCs and their therapeutic mechanisms; also, we discuss some of the novel clinical trial protocols and their results as well as a comparison between the number of registries, countries, and search portals.…”
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From pathogenesis to new developments in treatment of primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Literature review by A. Juknelytė, Ž. Vaičekauskytė, D. Mickevičienė, R. Balnytė

“… Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterised as a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting more than 2.3 million people all over the world. …”
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Intricating connections: the role of ferroptosis in systemic lupus erythematosus by Guowang Zhao, Xinghai Li, Ying Zhang, Ying Zhang, Xingzi Wang, Li Deng, Juan Xu, Shumei Jin, Zan Zuo, Zan Zuo, Linting Xun, Linting Xun, Mei Luo, Mei Luo, Fan Yang, Jialong Qi, Jialong Qi, Jialong Qi, Jialong Qi, Ping Fu

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease with multiple tissue damage. However, the pathology remains elusive, and effective treatments are lacking. …”
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