Neural tube defects in a war-torn Tigray regional state of Ethiopia: a retrospective study of 54,626 deliveries by Birhane Alem Berihu, Afework Mulugeta, Tony Magana, Masresha Tessema, Tafere Gebreegziabher, Yibrah Berhe, Abadi Leul Welderufael, Hayelom Kebede Mekonen

“…Methods This institution-based, retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted across 11 public hospitals in the Tigray region. The study reviewed all delivery records from October 2020 to December 2023. …”
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Postpartum depression in relation to chronic diseases and multimorbidity in women’s mid-late life: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank by Yue Zhang, Yangyang Cheng, Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco, Yaguan Zhou, Hui Wang, Xiaolin Xu

“…Logistic regression models, Cox proportional hazard models, quasi-Poisson mixed effects models, and linear mixed models were conducted to examine the association of PPD with chronic diseases and multimorbidity at baseline and during follow-up. Results Among all 54,885 participants, 5106 (9.3%) participants experienced PPD, 13,928 (25.4%) participants had multimorbidity at baseline, and 14,135 (25.8%) participants developed two or more diseases during a median follow-up of 15 years. …”
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The Influence of Vitamin D Levels and Supplementation on the Treatment of Patients Affected by MRONJ by Filip Michalak, Marzena Dominiak, Jan Kiryk, Paweł Popecki, Dominik Kubicki, Jacek Matys, Kinga Grzech-Leśniak

“…Vitamin D levels were measured at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, and the relationship between vitamin D supplementation and clinical outcomes, including MRONJ risk and healing, was evaluated. All participants received an antibiotic regimen pre- and post-surgery. …”
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Refractory myasthenia gravis treated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation by Benjamin Beland, Jan Storek, Liam Quartermain, Christopher Hahn, C. Elizabeth Pringle, Pierre R. Bourque, Michael Kennah, Natasha Kekre, Christopher Bredeson, David Allan, Kareem Jamani, Christopher White, Harold Atkins

“…Methods Twenty‐one patients who underwent HSCT for MG were retrospectively reviewed. All patients had severe MG refractory to multiple therapies. …”
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First report of Haemaphysalis bispinosa, molecular-geographic relationships of Ixodes granulatus and a new Dermacentor species from Vietnam by Sándor Hornok, Jenő Kontschán, Gergő Keve, Nóra Takács, Dat Van Nguyen, Khanh Ngoc Phuong Ho, Tamás Görföl, Yuanzhi Wang, Róbert Farkas, Thanh Thi Ha Dao

“…., recognized and described here for the first time, was almost certainly misidentified previously as Dermacentor steini, drawing attention to the need to barcode all Dermacentor spp. in Southern Asia. Graphical Abstract…”
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Comparison of Different Disease-Specific Health-Related Quality of Life Measurements in Patients with Long-Term Noninvasive Ventilation by Toru Oga, Hiroyuki Taniguchi, Hideo Kita, Tomomasa Tsuboi, Keisuke Tomii, Morihide Ando, Eiji Kojima, Hiromi Tomioka, Yoshio Taguchi, Yusuke Kaji, Ryoji Maekura, Toru Hiraga, Naoki Sakai, Tomoki Kimura, Michiaki Mishima, Wolfram Windisch, Kazuo Chin

“…While pulmonary function was weakly related to only some domains of the SRI and MRF-26, the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were significantly related to all domains of the SRI and MRF-26. Multiple regression analyses showed that HADS depression and mMRC accounted for 34% and 27% of the variance in the SRI, 24% and 37% in the MRF-26, and 17% and 46% in the SGRQ, respectively. …”
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Primary Angioplasty in a Catastrophic Presentation: Acute Left Main Coronary Total Occlusion—The ATOLMA Registry by A. Gutiérrez-Barrios, L. Gheorghe, S. Camacho-Freire, F. Valencia-Serrano, D. Cañadas-Pruaño, G. Calle-Pérez, I. Alarcón de la Lastra, E. Silva, D. García-Molinero, A. Agarrado-Luna, R. Zayas-Ruedas, R. Vázquez-García, A. Serra

“…At admission, cardiogenic shock was present in 89% of patients, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was required in 67.4%. All the patients had right dominance. Angiographic success was achieved in 80.4% of the procedures, 13 patients (28.2%) died during the catheterization, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 58.6% (27/46). …”
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Ethyl Pyruvate Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis and Autophagy by Miao Shen, Jie Lu, Weiqi Dai, Fan Wang, Ling Xu, Kan Chen, Lei He, Ping Cheng, Yan Zhang, Chengfen Wang, Dong Wu, Jing Yang, Rong Zhu, Huawei Zhang, Yinqun Zhou, Chuanyong Guo

“…Three doses of ethyl pyruvate (20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and 80 mg/kg) were administered 1 h before a model of segmental (70%) hepatic warm ischemia was established in Balb/c mice. All serum and liver tissues were obtained at three different time points (4 h, 8 h, and 16 h). …”
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Population Structure Based on Microsatellite Length Polymorphism, Antifungal Susceptibility Profile, and Enzymatic Activity of <i>Candida auris</i> Clinical Isolates in Russia by Ellina Oganesyan, Victoria Klimenteva, Irina Vybornova, Valentina Venchakova, Ekaterina Parshikova, Sergey Kovyrshin, Olga Orlova, Alexander Kruglov, Svetlana Gordeeva, Natalya Vasilyeva, Anastasiya Taraskina

“…ITS sequencing confirmed that all isolates belonged to a single ITS cluster (clades I and III). …”
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Assessing the comparative effectiveness of ECHO and coaching implementation strategies in a jail/provider MOUD implementation trial by Todd Molfenter, Jessica Vechinski, Jee-Seon Kim, Jingru Zhang, Lionel Meng, Jessica Tveit, Lynn Madden, Faye S. Taxman

“…To increase MOUD use in jail settings, jurisdictions should focus on new MOUDs so all three MOUDs are available and enhance the post-incarceration continuum of care. …”
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Quality of life, pain, depression, fatigue and sleep in patients with remission or mild fibromyalgia: a comparison with remission or low disease activity rheumatoid arthritis and h... by Yidan Wang, Pengxiao Liu, Zihao Li, Shiya Wu, Meijuan Long, Yang Li, Juan Jiao, Zheng Xie

“…The majority of RFM patients (97.4%) had more than two pain sites, with moderate-to-severe pain (78.2%), sleep disorders (85.0%), and depression (53.4%), all of which were significantly higher than those in RRA patients (P < 0.001). …”
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Modifiable factors for irritable bowel syndrome: evidence from Mendelian randomisation approach by Jinling Tang, Zhirong Yang, Shanshan Wu, Feng Sha, Tengfei Lin, Di Liu, Meiling Cao, Yiwen Jiang, Weijie Cao, Fuxiao Li

“…Modifiable factors and coexisting disorders (ie, gastrointestinal and psychiatric disorders) were identified based on evidence from cohort studies and meta-analysis. In all analyses, IBS was the primary outcome, while in the MR2 analysis, coexisting disorders were also treated as outcomes alongside IBS.Results Most identified modifiable factors and coexisting disorders exhibited genetic correlations with IBS. …”
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Impact of Extended Membrane Rupture on Neonatal Inflammatory Responses and Composite Neonatal Outcomes in Early-Preterm Neonates—A Prospective Study by Maura-Adelina Hincu, Liliana Gheorghe, Luminita Paduraru, Daniela-Cristina Dimitriu, Anamaria Harabor, Ingrid-Andrada Vasilache, Iustina Solomon-Condriuc, Alexandru Carauleanu, Ioana Sadiye Scripcariu, Dragos Nemescu

“…<b>Conclusions</b>: The combination of PROMs and high CRP values significantly increased the risk of all evaluated adverse composite outcomes in early-preterm neonates and should point to careful monitoring of these patients.…”
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Contrast quality control for segmentation task based on deep learning models—Application to stroke lesion in CT imaging by Juliette Moreau, Juliette Moreau, Laura Mechtouff, Laura Mechtouff, David Rousseau, Omer Faruk Eker, Omer Faruk Eker, Yves Berthezene, Yves Berthezene, Tae-Hee Cho, Tae-Hee Cho, Carole Frindel, Carole Frindel

“…Moreover, the model trained without the low-contrast images performed equally well with all images when tested on another database.DiscussionThis study opens discussion with clinicians concerning the limitations, areas for improvement, and strategies for enhancing datasets and training models. …”
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Cross‐ethnicity face anti‐spoofing recognition challenge: A review by Ajian Liu, Xuan Li, Jun Wan, Yanyan Liang, Sergio Escalera, Hugo Jair Escalante, Meysam Madadi, Yi Jin, Zhuoyuan Wu, Xiaogang Yu, Zichang Tan, Qi Yuan, Ruikun Yang, Benjia Zhou, Guodong Guo, Stan Z. Li

“…Both tracks have attracted 340 teams in the development stage, and finally, 11 and eight teams have submitted their codes in the single‐modal and multi‐modal face anti‐spoofing recognition challenges, respectively. All of the results were verified and re‐ran by the organizing team, and the results were used for the final ranking. …”
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Genome‐Wide Analysis of the APETALA2/Ethylene‐Responsive Factor Gene Family in Carthamus tinctorius L. by Zheng‐Wei Tan, Dan‐Dan Lu, Yong‐Liang Yu, Lei Li, Lan‐Jie Xu, Wei Dong, Chun‐Ming Li, Qing Yang, Hui‐Zhen Liang

“…Tissue‐specific expression analysis showed that 23, 21, 15, and 9 genes were most abundantly expressed in the roots, leaves, flowers, and buds, respectively, while only eight genes were highly expressed in all tissues examined. These results indicate that the AP2/ERF family genes in safflower are diverse and complex, with distinct expression patterns for different genes in different safflower species. …”
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Short-Term Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors α and γ Induces Tissue-Specific Effects on Lipid Metabolism and Fatty Acid Composition in Male Wistar Rats by Elin Strand, Vegard Lysne, Mari Lausund Grinna, Pavol Bohov, Asbjørn Svardal, Ottar Nygård, Rolf K. Berge, Bodil Bjørndal

“…Male Wistar rats were randomized into three groups: a control group receiving placebo (n=8); a PPARα agonist group receiving WY-14,643 (n=6); and a PPARγ agonist group receiving rosiglitazone (n=6) for 12 days. All animals received a low-fat standard chow diet and were given a daily dose of placebo or agonist orally. …”
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The effect of dietary fish oil replacement by microalgae on the gilthead sea bream midgut bacterial microbiota by Katsoulis-Dimitriou, Stefanos, Nikouli, Eleni, Gkalogianni, Elli Zafeiria, Karapanagiotidis, Ioannis T., Kormas, Konstantinos A.

“…There were 11 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that were highly abundant in FO compared to the three experimental diets (FO, MI, SP) and two OTUs that were found in high abundance in both FO and the experimental diets in all comparisons (FO-MI, FO-PI, FO-SP). Most of the highly abundant OTUs in the experimental diets were unique to each experimental diet, with two OTUs being found in common between FO-MI and FO-PI. …”
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Beyond traditional metrics: evaluating the triglyceride-total cholesterol-body weight index (TCBI) in cardiovascular risk assessment by Mohsen Rezaee, Farzam Kamrani, Mobina Imannezhad, Hamed Hashemi Shahri, Waleed Khaled Saihood, Alireza Rezvani, Parsa Mearaji Far, Hanie Mahaki, Habibollah Esmaily, Mohsen Moohebati, Mohammad Shariati, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan, Susan Darroudi

“…This study seeks to evaluate the predictive power of atherogenic indices, which are recognized for their influence on CVD, alongside a newly developed index encompassing all three principal risk factors for CVD, referred to as the triglyceride-total cholesterol-body weight index (TCBI). …”
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Evaluating the Effectiveness, Safety, and Satisfaction Rates of Phenol 90%, Trichloroacetic Acid 100%, and Radiofrequency in Lateral Matricectomy for the Treatment of Ingrown Toena... by Mohammadreza Ghassemi, Zahra Keshavarz, Elham Behrangi, Afsaneh Sadeghzadeh Bazargan, Alireza Jafarzadeh, Azadeh Goodarzi

“…Conclusion Lateral matricectomy with 90% phenol, 100% TCA, and RF all provide unique advantages for ingrown toenail treatment. …”
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