Invited review: Improved control of Johne's disease in dairy cattle through advancements in diagnostics, testing, and management of young stock by Larissa Martins, Karin Orsel, Razieh Eshraghisamani, Jose Miguel Hernández-Agudelo, A. Caroline Pereira, Waseem Shaukat, Ad P. Koets, John P. Bannantine, Caroline Ritter, David F. Kelton, Richard J. Whittington, Maarten F. Weber, Antonio Facciuolo, Navneet K. Dhand, Karsten Donat, Susanne Eisenberg, Miguel A. Salgado, John P. Kastelic, Jeroen De Buck, Herman W. Barkema

“…Studies on IGRA and ELISA have focused on evaluation of new antigens and optimal age of testing. New diagnostics have been developed, including phage-based tests to detect viable MAP, as well as gene expression patterns and metabolomics to detect MAP-infected young stock. …”
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Cardiovascular risk and mortality in men receiving testosterone replacement therapy for Klinefelter syndrome in Denmark: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in context by Simon Chang, Lars Pedersen, Anne Skakkebæk, Agnethe Berglund, Claus H. Gravholt

“…We similarly identified a comparison cohort of 50,150 men from the background population matched on month and year of birth. Median age at entry for KS-TRT was 31.1 years (interquartile range; 19.9–40.0) and median follow-up time was 12.9 years (interquartile range; 7.5–20.7). …”
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Clinical Utility of an Alzheimer’s Disease Blood Test Among Cognitively Impaired Patients: Results from the Quality Improvement PrecivityAD2 (QUIP II) Clinician Survey Study by Mark Monane, Demetrius M. Maraganore, Robert M. Carlile, Kim G. Johnson, David A. Merrill, Darren R. Gitelman, Kenneth S. Sharlin, Lawren A. VandeVrede, Kristi K. George, Jimin Wang, Tim West, Leslie Jacobs, Philip B. Verghese, Joel B. Braunstein

“…<b>Results</b>: Patients had a median age of 74, 53% were female, and 28% were traditionally under-represented in Black, Hispanic, and Asian groups. …”
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Controls on coastal saline groundwater across North America by Daniel V Kretschmer, Holly A Michael, Nils Moosdorf, Gualbert H P Oude Essink, Marc F P Bierkens, Thorsten Wagener, Robert Reinecke

“…Despite a likely overestimation of saline interface movement, the model required 492 000 years to reach a near-steady state, indicating that the saline groundwater distribution in North America has likely been evolving since before the end of the last ice age, approximately 20 000 years ago.…”
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Association Between Screen Time and Lifestyle Parameters with Executive Functions in Chilean Children and Adolescents: Potential Mediating Role of Health-Related Quality of Life by Felipe Caamaño-Navarrete, Carlos Arriagada-Hernández, Lorena Jara-Tomckowiack, Jordan Hernandez-Martinez, Pablo Valdés-Badilla, Guido Contreras-Díaz, Indya del-Cuerpo, Pedro Delgado-Floody

“…<b>Methods</b>: A total of 511 children and adolescents (51.3% female) aged 10–17 years participated. Lifestyle parameters and EFs were evaluated. …”
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Interpretation of indoor air surveillance for respiratory infections: a prospective longitudinal observational study in a childcare settingResearch in context by Caspar Geenen, Steven Traets, Sarah Gorissen, Michiel Happaerts, Kurt Beuselinck, Lies Laenen, Jens Swinnen, Sien Ombelet, Joren Raymenants, Els Keyaerts, Emmanuel André

“…Concurrently, we collected the paper tissues used to wipe the noses of 23 regular attendees: children aged zero to three and childcare workers. All samples were tested for 29 respiratory pathogens using PCR. …”
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Effects of early supplemental parenteral nutrition on new-onset infection in adults with acute severe stroke: a single-center retrospective case–control study by Chen Ma, Zhirong Fan, Xuan Wang, Bian Li, Jingjing Zhao, Xiaogang Kang, Wen Jiang, Fang Yang

“…Forty control patients in the EN group who received full EN were matched by age, sex and lesion site. The time to new-onset pneumonia or nosocomial infections was analyzed by Student’s t test and the Breslow generalized Wilcoxon test. …”
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Patient-reported outcome measures to assess mental and physical health status, functionality, and quality of life in patients with major depression or schizophrenia by Luis San, Belen Arranz, Carlota Romans, Berta García, Marta Coromina, Sonia Ortiz, Miriam Vilaplana, Víctor Soto, Ruth Villaescusa, Joan Alvaros

“…Participants (n = 508) self-completed a baseline questionnaire for clinical data and PROMs scales (PHQ-19, SF-12, and WHODAS 2.0) at baseline and 9 months thereafter (n = 482). Results Mean (SD) age was 50.9 (13.2) years, and 83% of patients lived with their families. …”
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Flow cytometric characterisation of acute leukaemia in adolescent and adult Ethiopians by Jemal Alemu, Balako Gumi, Aster Tsegaye, Abdulaziz Sherif, Fisihatsion Tadesse, Amha Gebremedhin, Rawleigh Howe

“…Results: Of 140 cases aged 13 years to 76 years, 74 (53%) were men and 66 (47%) were women, 68 (49%) had acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL), 65 (46 %) had acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML), and 7 (5.0%) had acute leukaemia non-otherwise specified. …”
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The Relationship between Simple Snoring and Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study by Juanjuan Zou, Fan Song, Huajun Xu, Yiqun Fu, Yunyan Xia, Yingjun Qian, Jianyin Zou, Suru Liu, Fang Fang, Lili Meng, Hongliang Yi, Jian Guan, Huaming Zhu, Bin Chen, Shankai Yin

“…The polynomial linear trend test was used to assess the linear trend across snoring intensity for metabolic score, and logistic regression was used to evaluate the odds ratios (ORs) for MetS after controlling for age, sex, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. …”
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Vision Improvement after Osimertinib Treatment in Paraneoplastic Optic Neuropathy Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma by Masaomi Kubota, Nobumasa Tamura, Takaaki Hayashi, Euido Nishijima, Haruhiko Yanagisawa, Akira Kojima, Tadashi Nakano

“…Her final BCVA was 0.01 in the RE, counting fingers 10 cm in the LE. She died at the age of 79 years. To our knowledge, no reports have shown improvement in BCVA in patients with PON after changing EGFR-TKI treatments. …”
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Trend in CT utilisation and its impact on length of stay, readmission and hospital mortality in Western Australia tertiary hospitals: an analysis of linked administrative data 2003... by Rachael Moorin, Max K Bulsara, Jenny Doust, David Youens, Donald Mcrobbie, John Slavotinek, Thi Ninh Ha, Cameron Wright, Sviatlana Kamarova

“…This study examined trends of CT during admission to tertiary hospitals and its associations with length of stay (LOS), readmission and mortality.Design Retrospective observational study from 2003 to 2015.Setting West Australian linked administrative records at individual level.Participants 2 375 787 episodes of tertiary hospital admission in adults aged 18+ years.Main outcome measures LOS, 30-day readmissions and mortality stratified by CT use status (any, multiple (CTs to multiple areas during episode), and repeat (repeated CT to the same area)).Methods Multivariable regression models were used to calculate adjusted rate of CT use status. …”
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Improving Anxiety Related to Chronic Pain Through a Sleep Circadian Intervention Program: A Pilot Study by Sonia López-Monzoni, Gloria Hernando Benito, Sofía Romero-Peralta, Laura Silgado-Martínez, Maria Esther Viejo-Ayuso, Leticia Álvarez-Balado, Enrique Rodríguez Matarranz, Carles Forné Izquierdo, Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre, Juan Fernando Masa, Ferrán Barbé, Francisco García-Río, Antonio Martínez-Nicolás, Belén García-Mediano, Esther Solano-Pérez, Olga Mediano

“…This was a randomized clinical trial (NCT03646084), in which 49 CMP patients were assigned to SCIP (<i>n</i> = 15, mean age 51 years and 40% women) or non-SCIP groups (<i>n</i> = 26, 53 years and 61.5% women). …”
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Diagnostic accuracy in coronary CT angiography analysis: artificial intelligence versus human assessment by James K Min, Paul Knaapen, Nick S Nurmohamed, Erik S G Stroes, Andrew D Choi, Ibrahim Danad, James Earls, Michiel J Bom, Ruben W de Winter, Rachel Bernardo, Ruurt Jukema, Ralf Sprengers

“…Accuracy of AI-QCT was compared with a level 3 and two level 2 clinical readers against an invasive quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) reference standard (≥50% stenosis) in an area under the curve (AUC) analysis, evaluated per-patient and per-vessel and stratified by plaque volume.Results Among 208 patients with a mean age of 58±9 years and 37% women, AI-QCT demonstrated superior concordance with QCA compared with clinical CCTA assessments. …”
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Designing a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against human rhinovirus C utilizing immunoinformatics approach by Tajul Islam Mamun, Tajul Islam Mamun, Md. Ahad Ali, Md. Nazmul Hosen, Jillur Rahman, Md. Anwarul Islam, Md. Golam Akib, Kamruz Zaman, Md. Masudur Rahman, Md. Masudur Rahman, Ferdaus Mohd Altaf Hossain, Ferdaus Mohd Altaf Hossain, Samir Ibenmoussa, Mohammed Bourhia, Turki M. Dawoud

“…Human rhinovirus C (HRV-C) is a significant contributor to respiratory tract infections in children and is implicated in asthma exacerbations across all age groups. Despite its impact, there is currently no licensed vaccine available for HRV-C. …”
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Apallic syndrome of toxic origin: the diagnostic criteria by N.V. Kurdil, A.O. Volosovets, O.V. Ivashchenko, V.S. Lisovska, H.M. Balan, O.M. Rozhkova, V.V. Andriushchenko

“…A retrospective analysis of the medical data of six people aged 21–38 years with drug poisoning involving illegal methadone, psychostimulants, barbiturates and alcohol was carried out. …”
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Exploring clinicians’ perspectives on the ‘Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury Care Bundle’ national quality improvement programme: a qualitative study by Ipek Gurol-Urganci, Nick Sevdalis, Edward Morris, Posy Bidwell, Ranee Thakar, James M Harris, Louise Silverton, Alexandra Hellyer, Robert Freeman, Vivienne Novis

“…The majority were female and the mean age was 36.5 years.Results Four main themes emerged: ‘Implementation strategies’, ‘Opportunities to use the OASI Care Bundle’, ‘Does current practice need to change?’ …”
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Performance and intestinal health of piglets in the nursery phase subjected to diets with condensed black wattle (Acacia mearnsii) tannin by Kelly Lais de Souza, Cleandro Pazinato Dias, Marco Aurélio Callegari, André Friderichs, Alcides Oliver Sencio Paes, Rafael Humberto de Carvalho, Caio Abércio da Silva

“…Methods A total of 200 PIC piglets that were 22 days old and weighed 6.0±0.9 kg were subjected to four treatments in the nursery phase (22 to 64 days of age): CONTR (control diet); ENR+ZnO (control diet + 10 mg/kg of enramycin + 2,500 mg/kg of zinc oxide during the first 21 days); BUT (control diet + 900 mg/kg of sodium butyrate) and TAN (control diet + 2,000 mg/kg of condensed tannin). …”
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Who Are Suitable Patients for Omitting Breast Surgery as an Exceptional Responder in Selected Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Systemic Treatment? by Ebru Sen, Mehmet Ali Nazlı, Göktürk Maralcan, Bekir Sıtkı Said Ulusoy, Mahmut Kaan Demircioğlu, Tuce Söylemez Akkurt, Mehmet Sökücü, Gökmen Umut Erdem, Mustafa Yıldırım

“…<i>Results</i>: The study included 20 patients. The mean age of the patients was 47.3 years. The median tumour size at diagnosis was 23.1 mm. …”
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Comparative evaluation of intravenous versus intranasal dexmedetomidine on emergence delirium and hemodynamics in pediatric patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy: a randomized con... by Chenxu Dai, Chenxu Dai, Xuemei Zhao, Xuemei Zhao, Aoxue Li, Xuedong Zhang, Penglei Wang, Ye Zhang, Yun Wu

“…This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intranasal versus intravenous dexmedetomidine on emergence recovery and hemodynamics in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.MethodsA total of 139 children, aged 3–10 years, who were scheduled for elective adenotonsillectomy were randomly assigned to receive intravenous dexmedetomidine (IV DEX group) or intranasal dexmedetomidine (IN DEX group), or saline (control group) after anesthesia induction. …”
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