Design of Multijunction Photovoltaic Cells Optimized for Varied Atmospheric Conditions by C. Zhang, J. Gwamuri, R. Andrews, J. M. Pearce

“…The effects of atmospheric conditions such as aerosols, cloud cover, water vapor, and air mass have been shown to cause variations in spectral radiance that alters PV system performance due to both overrating and underrating. …”
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The active layer soils of Greenlandic permafrost areas can function as important sinks for volatile organic compounds by Yi Jiao, Magnus Kramshøj, Cleo L. Davie-Martin, Bo Elberling, Riikka Rinnan

“…Recent studies have highlighted that a fraction of this carbon can be transformed to atmospheric volatile organic compounds, which can affect the atmospheric oxidizing capacity and contribute to the formation of secondary organic aerosols. In this study, active layer soils from the seasonally unfrozen layer above the permafrost were collected from two distinct locations of the Greenlandic permafrost and incubated to explore their roles in the soil-atmosphere exchange of volatile organic compounds. …”
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Design and evaluation of screening and self-care (mobile) application for oral and dental problems and emergencies by Sedighe Sadat Hashemikamangar, Aidin Sooratgar, Mina Khayamzadeh, Shayan Momeni, Ali Asghar Safaei, Behnaz Behniafar

“…For instance, people must avoid unnecessary traveling and limit their referrals to medical centers especially dental clinics due to the high volume of aerosols produced during dental treatment procedures.…”
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Second-Hand Smoke Increases Bronchial Hyperreactivity and Eosinophilia in a Murine Model of Allergic Aspergillosis by Brian W. P. Seymour, Edward S. Schelegle, Kent E. Pinkerton, Kathleen E. Friebertshauser, Janice L. Peake, Viswanath P. Kurup, Robert L. Coffman, Laurel J. Gershwin

“…The effective concentration of aerosolized acetylcholine needed to double pulmonary flow resistance was significantly lower in Af + ETS mice compared to the Af + AIR mice. …”
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Characteristic Features of Precipitation Extremes over India in the Warming Scenarios by J. V. Revadekar, S. K. Patwardhan, K. Rupa Kumar

“…Study reveals that PRECIS simulations under scenarios of increasing greenhouse gas concentration and sulphate aerosols indicate marked increase in precipitation towards the end of the 21st century and is expected to increase throughout the year. …”
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Forest Fire Smoke Layers Observed in the Free Troposphere over Portugal with a Multiwavelength Raman Lidar: Optical and Microphysical Properties by Sérgio Nepomuceno Pereira, Jana Preißler, Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado, Ana Maria Silva, Frank Wagner

“…Vertically resolved optical and microphysical properties of biomass burning aerosols, measured in 2011 with a multiwavelength Raman lidar, are presented. …”
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Bioterrorism in Canada: An Economic Assessment of Prevention and Postattack Response by Ronald St John, Brian Finlay, Curtis Blair

“…The present paper calculates the human and economic consequences of a bioterrorist attack on Canadian soil using aerosolized Bacillus anthracis and Clostridium botulinum. …”
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Pneumocystis carinii: A Review of an Important Opportunistic Pathogen in AIDS by M John Gill, Ron Read

“…Early empiric therapy with trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (trimethoprim 5 mg-sulphamethoxazole 25 mg/kg/day every 6 h) or intravenous pentamidine (4 mg/kg/day) for 21 days is usually effective, but infection is not eradicated, and clinical disease is likely to recur. Prophylaxis using aerosolized pentamidine reduces the risk of pulmonary disease but can predispose to extrapulmonary infection. …”
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Nanoemulsion: An Emerging Novel Technology for Improving the Bioavailability of Drugs by null Preeti, Sharda Sambhakar, Rohit Malik, Saurabh Bhatia, Ahmed Al Harrasi, Chanchal Rani, Renu Saharan, Suresh Kumar, null Geeta, Renu Sehrawat

“…Nanoemulsion can be formulated in multiple dosage forms, for example, gels, creams, foams, aerosols, and sprays by using low-cost standard operative processes and also be taken orally, topically, topically, intravenously, intrapulmonary, intranasally, and intraocularly. …”
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Molecular identification of Newcastle disease virus isolated on the poultry farm of the Moscow Oblast in summer of 2022 by А. А. Treshchalina, А. А. Rtishchev, Е. Yu. Shustova, А. V. Belyakova, A. S. Gambaryan, Е. Yu. Boravleva

“…The virus caused 100% death in six-week-old chickens after oral infection and 100% death in all contact chickens, including those kept in cages at a distance, which proves the high level of pathogenicity and contagiousness of the recovered isolate and its ability to transmit both via fecal-oral and aerosols–borne routes. No death cases were reported in mice after intranasal infection with high doses.…”
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Contrast of Image of an Object Observed in Smoke Conditions using Polarizing Filtering of Radiation Scattered by Smoke Particles by A. I. Kitsak

“…Prospects for developing optical accessories for firefighters to improve the observation of objects in smoke were evaluated by comparing image contrasts.The goal was achieved by experimentally simulating the process of transmitting images of a blackandwhite object with a sharp black/white transition boundary through various types of smoke aerosols using polarizing filtering of radiation scattered by smoke particles, and without filtering and evaluating image contrasts.Studies of image contrasts for different optical densities of smoke in two registration schemes were performed, when the receiving optical system is located near the illumination source of the object at a distance of ≈ 150 mm from it, and when it is located at a distance from the illumination source of the object at a distance of ≈ 800 mm.It is established that the method of forming the image of the object using polarization filtering of radiation backscattering (RBS) reduces the rate of image contrast reduction with an increase in optical smoke density compared to image registration without filtering (RBS).A significant difference in the contrasts of images recorded with filtration (RBS) and in the absence of it is observed for "light" fumes (smoldering of wood, cotton) at average optical densities of smoke.The results obtained can be used in the development of optical accessories for firefighter-rescuer to improve the conditions of observation of objects in adverse conditions of vision: smoke, vaporization, fog.…”
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Primera evidencia de Chlamydia psittaci en huron sable (Mustella putorios furo) en Venezuela by C. Rodríguez-Leo, D. Camacho, V. Hernández-Aguilera, M. Viettri, C. Flores, H. Henríquez, M. González

“…Chlamydia psittaci (Cp) es una bacteria intracelular obligada transmitida a través de aerosoles derivados de secreciones nasales y ópticas, tejidos, heces y plumas. …”
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Drivers and mechanisms contributing to excess warming in Europe during recent decades by Buwen Dong, Rowan T. Sutton

“…The models suggest greenhouse gas-induced warming made the largest contribution to excess thermodynamic warming in winter, whereas changes in anthropogenic aerosols made the largest contribution in summer. They also imply a substantially reduced future rate of excess European warming in summer. …”
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Parameters Influencing Sulfur Speciation in Environmental Samples Using Sulfur K-Edge X-Ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure by Siwatt Pongpiachan, Kanjana Thumanu, Charnwit Kositanont, Klaus Schwarzer, Jörg Prietzel, Phoosak Hirunyatrakul, Itthipon Kittikoon

“…The analytical results have demonstrated that the signal-to-noise ratios of sulfur K-edge XANES spectra were positively correlated with sulfate content in aerosols and negatively connected with particle sizes. …”
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Developing Seasonal Ammonia Emission Estimates with an Inverse Modeling Technique by Alice B. Gilliland, Robin L. Dennis, Shawn J. Roselle, Thomas E. Pierce, Lucille E. Bender

“…Significant uncertainty exists in magnitude and variability of ammonia (NH3) emissions, which are needed for air quality modeling of aerosols and deposition of nitrogen compounds. Approximately 85% of NH3 emissions are estimated to come from agricultural nonpoint sources. …”
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Making respiratory care safe for neonatal and paediatric intensive care unit staff: Mitigation strategies and use of filters by Bradley G Carter, Edward Harcourt, Alexandra Harris, Michael Zampetti, Trevor Duke, David Tingay

“…The steps we took consisted of auditing our equipment and processes to identify risk through sources of potentially contaminated gas that may contain aerosolized virus, seeking advice and liaising with suppliers/manufacturers, devising mitigation strategies using indirect and direct approaches (largely filtering), performing tests on equipment to verify proper function and the absence of negative impacts and the development and implementation of relevant procedures and practices. …”
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Characterisation of environmentally persistent free radicals and their contributions to oxidative potential and reactive oxygen species in sea spray and size-resolved ambient parti... by Xinji Zhang, Fanyi Wei, Haiyan Fu, Huibin Guo

“…Abstract Aerosols, derived from natural processes and human activities, present various risks to the environment and human health. …”
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Multiscale characterization of medical devices and pharmaceutical formulations with 3D X-ray microscopy and computed tomography by Herminso Villarraga-Gómez, Ria L. Mitchell

“…., injections and emulsions), and gases (e.g., aerosols and atomizers or inhalers). It also requires improving the medicinal properties of drug formulations for maintaining effective drug concentration at target body sites over time. …”
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Vaping – A Beneficial Alternative to Traditional Cigarettes or an Unexplored Danger? by Paulina Błasiak, Aleksandra Ślusarska, Patryk Mikołajec, Barbara Bilecka, Jolanta Mędyk, Małgorzata Wirkijowska, Jakub Wirkijowski, Yauheniya Patarocha, Michał Rogulski, Ruslan Huk

“…Studies suggest that long-term e-cigarette use may result in increased aortic stiffness, elevated heart rate, heightened risk of atherosclerosis and diminished lung function, increased airway resistance, especially in individuals with pre-existing conditions like asthma. Exposure to aerosolized chemicals present in e-liquids poses risks of chronic respiratory diseases.  …”
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Does Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis Survival in the Environment Confound Bovine Tuberculosis Control and Eradication? A Literature Review by Adrian R. Allen, Tom Ford, Robin A. Skuce

“…Recent evidence from GPS-collared cattle and badgers in Britain and Ireland suggests that direct transmission by infectious droplets or aerosols may not be the main mechanism for interspecies transmission, raising the possibility of indirect transmission involving a contaminated, shared environment. …”
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