Application of large language models in disease diagnosis and treatment by Xintian Yang, Tongxin Li, Qin Su, Yaling Liu, Chenxi Kang, Yong Lyu, Lina Zhao, Yongzhan Nie, Yanglin Pan, Yuanyuan Ji

“…Building on their image-recognition abilities, multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) show promising potential for diagnosis based on radiography, chest computed tomography (CT), electrocardiography (ECG), and common pathological images. …”
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Compensatory increase in oxygen extraction fraction is associated with age-related cerebrovascular disease by John McFadden, Julian Matthews, Lauren Scott, Karl Herholz, Ben Dickie, Hamied Haroon, Oliver Sparasci, Saadat Ahmed, Natalia Kyrtata, Geoffrey J.M. Parker, Hedley C.A. Emsley, Joel Handley, Maélène Lohezic, Laura M. Parkes

“…We used a simultaneous PET-MRI protocol to measure OEF, CBF, CMRO2, and arterial transit time (ATT) in elderly people (n = 24, age 69.6 ± 5.3 years) with a range of vascular disease risk (QRisk 18.7 ± 10.8 %) and cognitive abilities (MoCA scores 26.7 ± 3.4) to determine if a) vascular disease risk (parameterised with QRisk2 score) is associated with altered CBF, ATT, OEF and CMRO2, b) if impaired blood supply and increasing transit times are associated with elevated OEF and c) if these physiological measures are associated with impaired cognition. …”
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Enhanced CATBraTS for Brain Tumour Semantic Segmentation by Rim El Badaoui, Ester Bonmati Coll, Alexandra Psarrou, Hykoush A. Asaturyan, Barbara Villarini

“…The results demonstrate that E-CATBraTS achieves both high segmentation accuracy and elevated generalisation abilities, ensuring the model is robust to dataset variation.…”
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Selective toxicity of a novel antimicrobial peptide Acidocin 4356 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in human cell-based in vitro infection models by Mahbubeh Talaee, Sima Modiri, Marzieh Rajabi, Fatemeh Saadati, Ali Akbari, Sahar Javadi, Shuaiqi Guo, Hojatollah Vali, Kambiz Akbari Noghabi

“…Abstract Prior studies examined Acidocin 4356’s antibacterial and antivirulence effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including cell membrane penetration abilities. Building on prior research, an in-vitro co-culture of human cells was established to evaluate the selectivity of Acidocin (ACD) by concurrently cultivating human cells and bacterial pathogens. …”
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Efficacy of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: an animal study by Chunran Xue, Haojun Yu, Xuzhong Pei, Xiaoying Yao, Jie Ding, Xiying Wang, Yi Chen, Yangtai Guan

“…Abstract Background Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have great potential for treating autoimmune diseases for their immunomodulatory and tissue-regenerative abilities; however, their therapeutic role in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains uncertain. …”
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Children in Vegetative State and Minimally Conscious State: Patients’ Condition and Caregivers’ Burden by A. M. Giovannetti, M. Pagani, D. Sattin, V. Covelli, A. Raggi, S. Strazzer, E. Castelli, A. Trabacca, A. Martinuzzi, M. Leonardi

“…Rehabilitative programs for children with SV and SMC should also provide interventions on surrounding systems: improving the network of psychological support and social assistance may decrease the burden of caregivers and, in turn, improve caring abilities and children quality of life.…”
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Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Process, Structural Characterization and Antioxidant Activity Analysis of Gastrodia elata Polysaccharide by Yunfei HU, De ZHOU, Qinglan ZENG, Jinsong HE, Ming ZHAO, Qingyan TANG

“…In addition, the ABTS+ and DPPH free radical scavenging abilities in vitro were tested before and after enzymolysis. …”
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The relationship between malocclusion and speech patterns: a cross-sectional study by Nada E. Tashkandi, Razan AlDosary, Hissah Zamandar, Misk Alalwan, Mohannad Alwothainani, Hissah Aljoaid, Duaa Alghazhmri, Eman Allam, Anand Marya, Samar M. Adel

“…The Jeddah Institute for Speech and Hearing Centre (JISH) articulation test was used to assess the phonologic abilities of the participants. Mann-Whitney U test was utilized for the statistical analysis. …”
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Discovery of two novel Flavobacterium species with potential for complex polysaccharide degradation by Xu-Dong Lian, Yong Guan, Yue Jiang, Dong-Heui Kwak, Mi-Kyung Lee, Zhun Li

“…Given their diverse polysaccharide degradation abilities, these strains are formally proposed to be named Flavobacterium polysaccharolyticum sp. nov. and Flavobacterium aureirubrum sp. nov. …”
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Functional poly(ether-ketone-ketone) composite scaffold with enhanced cell-material interaction, anti-inflammatory and osteogenesis for facilitating osteointegration and bone regen... by Qianwen Yang, Anbei Chen, Xin Zhang, Zhaoying Wu, Chao Zhang

“…In summary, after surface modification and cryogel filling, SPBC demonstrated excellent anti-inflammatory and bone integration abilities, presenting potential for clinical application as an orthopedic implant scaffold.…”
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Xenopus laevis neural stem progenitor cells exhibit a transient metabolic shift toward glycolysis during spinal cord regeneration by Paula G. Slater, Paula G. Slater, Miguel E. Domínguez-Romero, Guillermo Campos, Guillermo Campos, Vania Aravena, Vania Aravena, Javier Cavieres-Lepe, Verónica Eisner

“…While SCI in mammals leads to permanent impairment due to limited regenerative capacity, certain non-mammalian species, such as Xenopus laevis larval stages, exhibit remarkable regenerative abilities. During Xenopus laevis spinal cord regeneration, neural stem precursor cells (NSPCs) surrounding the central canal rapidly proliferate in response to SCI, compensating for cellular loss, restoring canal continuity, and generating new neurons to reestablish lost connections. …”
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Qufeng epimedium decoction alleviates rheumatoid arthritis through CYLD-antagonized NF-kB activation by deubiquitinating Sirt1 by Zhiming Wu, Peng Zhang, Wenyan Huang, Yifen Zhou, Zhengliu Cao, Chunhong Wu

“…Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that markedly limits the patients´ day-to-day functional abilities and life quality. Currently, there is no known cure for RA. …”
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PRMT1 Promotes the Self‐renewal of Leukemia Stem Cells by Regulating Protein Synthesis by Min Zhou, Yi Huang, Ping Xu, Shuyi Li, Chen Duan, Xiaoying Lin, Shilai Bao, Waiyi Zou, Jingxuan Pan, Chang Liu, Yanli Jin

“…It is found that PRMT1 promotes the survival and serially plating abilities of human primary CML LSCs. Genetic deletion of Prmt1 significantly delays the leukemogenesis and impairs the self‐renewal of LSCs in BCR‐ABL–driven CML mice. …”
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Scent of COVID-19: Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis Reveals the Role of <i>ACE2</i>, <i>IFI44</i>, and <i>NDUFAF4</i> in Long-Lasting Olfactory Dysfunction by Beatrice Spedicati, Alessandro Pecori, Maria Pina Concas, Aurora Santin, Romina Ruberto, Giuseppe Giovanni Nardone, Andrea D’Alessandro, Giancarlo Tirelli, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Giorgia Girotto

“…Considering the physiological role of the proteins encoded by these genes, it can be hypothesized that a reduced expression of <i>ACE2</i> may be associated with a protracted and severe inflammatory response in the olfactory epithelium, thus worsening patients’ smell abilities. Conversely, an increased gene score in <i>IFI44</i> and <i>NDUFAF4</i> might be associated with a decreased inflammatory response, thus correlating with a better olfactory performance. …”
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Artificial Hummingbird Optimization Algorithm With Hierarchical Deep Learning for Traffic Management in Intelligent Transportation Systems by Abdulrahman Alruban, Hanan Abdullah Mengash, Majdy M. Eltahir, Nabil Sharaf Almalki, Ahmed Mahmud, Mohammed Assiri

“…The AHOA-HDLTM technique can be used in various smart cities and urban regions. Its abilities in real-time traffic flow prediction can be helpful in the design of efficient, sustainable, and resilient transportation networks.…”
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The impact of different ankle positions on postural balance and weight-bearing distributions during different kneeling positions by Hande Guney Deniz, Gizem İrem Kınıklı, Fırat Tan, Gamze Arın Bal, Ezgi Ünüvar Yüksel, Sibel Bozgeyik, Ferhat Öztürk

“…The findings regarding balance and weight distribution in this study could be valuable for clinicians in evaluating different kneeling abilities among individuals.…”
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Progression of Luminal Breast Tumors Is Promoted by Ménage à Trois between the Inflammatory Cytokine TNFα and the Hormonal and Growth-Supporting Arms of the Tumor Microenvironment... by Polina Weitzenfeld, Nurit Meron, Tal Leibovich-Rivkin, Tsipi Meshel, Adit Ben-Baruch

“…Importantly, the tumor cells used in this study are known to be nonmetastatic under all conditions; nevertheless, they have acquired high metastasizing abilities in vivo in mice, following a brief stimulation by TNFα + Estrogen + EGF. …”
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Physically engineered extracellular vesicles targeted delivering miR-21-5p to promote renoprotection after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by Di Wu, Wenjie Ma, Liucheng Wang, Chengcheng Long, Silin Chen, Jingyu Liu, Yiguan Qian, Jun Zhao, Changcheng Zhou, Ruipeng Jia

“…Moreover, N-EVs effectively promoted the proliferation, migration, and tube-formation abilities of injured endothelial cells (ECs) and contributed to overall renal function improvement in IRI kidneys through targeted delivery of miR-21-5p. …”
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DEPEND study protocol: early detection of patients with pancreatic cancer – a pilot study to evaluate the utility of faecal elastase-1 and 13C-mixed triglyceride breath test as scr... by Christopher D Byrne, Sam Wilding, Paul Remi Afolabi, Declan McDonnell, Victoria Goss, Jocelyn Walters, Zaed Z Hamady

“…Potential biomarkers of PC showing abilities to discriminate between patients with PC from healthy subjects or patients with chronic pancreatitis will be selected by metabolomic analysis.Ethics and dissemination The study was approved by the North of Scotland Research and Ethics Committee on 1 October 2020 (reference: 20/NS/0105, favourable opinion granted). …”
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The Efficient Integration of Dust and Numerical Weather Prediction for Renewable Energy Applications by Xi Chen, Mei Chong, Shian‐Jiann Lin, Zhi Liang, Paul Ginoux, Yuan Liang, Bihui Zhang, Qian Song, Shengkai Wang, Jiawei Li, Yimin Liu

“…Using about one‐eighth additional computing power, iDust extends global 12.5 km resolution NWP with dust prediction capabilities. iDust's forecasting abilities are evaluated against ECMWF CAMS forecast and NASA MERRA2 reanalysis, including verifications over China from March to May 2023 and three extreme dust events. …”
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