Self-organizing techniques in ultra-dense wireless network by Jian-dong LI, Wei TENG, Min SHENG, Chao XU

“…Network densification was one of the main ways to deal with the challenge of supporting 1 000 times higher capacity in 5G networks. Wherein, a single node needs to configure and optimize more than 2 000 parameters. …”
Get full text

A Low Cross-Polarization Microstrip Antenna Array for Millimeter Wave Applications by Yanzhi Fu, Yixiang Lin, Changda Shi

“…The proposed compact size and low cross-polarization antenna array might be a good choice for phased array radar and 5th generation (5G) mobile communication applications.…”
Get full text

An adaptive video stream transmission control method for wireless heterogeneous networks based on A3C by Zhiqiang LUO, Wei WANG, Xiaorong ZHU

“…The adaptive bit rate (ABR) algorithm has become the focus research in video transmission.However,due to the characteristics of 5G wireless heterogeneous networks,such as large fluctuation of channel bandwidth and obvious differences between different networks,the adaptive video stream transmission with multi-terminal cooperation was faced with great challenges.An adaptive video stream transmission control method based on deep reinforcement learning was proposed.First of all,a video stream dynamic programming model was established to jointly optimize the transmission rate and diversion strategy.Since the solution of this optimization problem depended on accurate channel estimation,dynamically changing channel state was difficult to achieve.Therefore,the dynamic programming problem was improved to reinforcement learning task,and the A3C algorithm was used to dynamically determine the video bit rate and diversion strategy.Finally,the simulation was carried out according to the measured network data,and compared with the traditional optimization method,the method proposed better improved the user QoE.…”
Get full text

Tracking of Gymnast’s Limb Movement Trajectory Based on MEMS Inertial Sensor by Peng Li, Jihe Zhou

“…The experimental results show that when the human body is doing gymnastics, the measured three-axis acceleration values are between -0.5 g~2.2 g, -1 g~2.8 g, and -1.8 g~1 g, respectively, and the static error range accounts for only 1.6%~2% of the actual measured data range. …”
Get full text

Satellite Cloud Network: A Satellite Network Architecture Based on Cloud-Network Integration by Zhigang YU, Wenhui DING, Zhou LU, Xu FENG, Jixing GAO

“…With the public land mobile communication network transitioning from the 5G era where information flows freely to the 6G era where everything is interconnected, satellite networks have become a hot development topic all around the world.At the same time, with the improvement of satellite on-board computing capabilities and the integration of computing and satellite networks, cloud network integration has become a new development trend.On the basis of a brief introduction to the current development status of satellite networks and satellite computing, the development roadmap of satellite network development architecture was summarized.Then, a satellite network architecture based on cloud-network integration (i.e.satellite cloud network) was proposed, and the advantages of satellite cloud network architecture from five aspects: computing driven communication enhancement, computing driven network enhancement were analyzed, computing driven service enhancement, computing driven control enhancement, and computing driven management enhancement.…”
Get full text

Development of a GPU-enhanced time-dependent Monte Carlo neutron transport version of McCARD by Ko Woo Kyoung, Jeong Seong Jeong, Kim Young In, Shim Hyung Jin

“…The capabilities of McCARD/G have been verified through the C5G7-TD benchmark, which shows good agreements with the reference results. …”
Get full text

Resource allocation algorithm for the downlink of multi-carrier and multi-user NOMA systems by Jie YAN, Rongfang SONG

“…Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology had received considerable attention as a candidate technology for 5G cellular systems.The resource allocation problem in multi-carrier and multi-user downlink NOMA systems were studied with the goal of optimizing system throughput.In the solution of the problem,the linear water-filling power allocation was used between subcarriers as the fractional transmit power allocation algorithm was used between the superposed users,so that system throughput could be improved.Meanwhile,the concept of time slot was adopted in the design of NOMA transmission scheme,in order to be able to schedule more users in the scenario where the number of cellcenter users and celledge users were not equal.The whole time period was divided into two time slots.On the basis of ensuring the fairness of users,different user pairing groups were implemented in different time slots so as to fully utilizing the entire resource to improve system throughput.The simulation results show that this method can transmit more bits under the same transmit power comparing with traditional non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA) and OFDMA.…”
Get full text

Essential Hypertension: An Approach to Its Etiology and Neurogenic Pathophysiology by Juan J. Bolívar

“…This review emphasizes that, from an evolutionary point of view, we are adapted to ingest and excrete <1 g of sodium (2.5 g of salt) per day and that essential hypertension develops when the kidneys become unable to excrete the amount of sodium ingested, unless blood pressure is increased. …”
Get full text

Distributions of Rhizostoma pulmo (Macri, 1778) between the Kızılırmak and the Yeşilırmak coast of the Black Sea, Türkiye by Dönmez Memet Ali, Bat Levent

“…The highest abundance value was found to be 10 n/m2 (November 2008 and September 2009) and the highest biomass value was 12.587,5 g/100 m3 (October 2009).…”
Get full text

Novel network virtualization architecture based on the convergence of computing,storage and transport resources by Bo LEI, Jianglong WANG, Qianying ZHAO, Yongzhi YU, Mingchuan YANG

“…With the development of 5G and edge computing,the multi-level and distributed deployment of basic IT resources such as computing resources and storage resources becomes mainstream.The way to provide users with more convenient and customized services to improve resource utilization becomes a new interest in network.The characteristics and development of the network virtualization,interworking trend and development of various resources,as well as the new requirements of emerging services for resource supply were analyzed.On the basis of the analysis,a network virtualization architecture based on multi-dimensional resource interworking was proposed.That is,multi-party and heterogeneous resources were integrated into a unified resource plane by introducing the process of resource discovery and resource transaction,and then resource slicing and virtualization were performed according to user requirements to meet the flexible resource requirements of emerging services.Resource utilization efficiency was improved effectively and operating cost was reduced.Since the joint optimization of resources involves multiple research fields,the network virtualization architecture will be constantly improved with the development of user requirements and business models,playing an important role for future services.…”
Get full text

DESIGN OF RE-DIRECTIVE CRASH-CUSHION BASED ON COLLISION SAFETY by LEI ZhengBao, CHEN XiaoYong, ZHANG JiaBo

“…The maximum accelerations at each collision condition are 17. 3 g,16. 5 g,14. 6 g and 8. 1 g,which meet the requirement of the evaluation criteria for collision safety laws.…”
Get full text

Thinking and understanding of six major problems in the large-scale development of 5GtoB by Shiliang HU

“…In order to better promote the high-quality development of 5GtoB, an in-depth analysis of the six major issues of 5GtoB large-scale development is carried out: the driving force of 5GtoB development, what stage of 5GtoB development, the essence of 5GtoB development, whether 5GtoB can become the second curve of operators, how to innovate 5GtoB business models, and the management support of 5GtoB development.The analysis results show that at present, China's 5GtoB is showing a booming trend and is expected to become the ＆quot;second curve＆quot; of operators.However, at present, the development of 5GtoB in China is still in the development stage of relying on policy-driven as the main driving force, and it is still in the stage of creating industry benchmarking application cases.The essence of 5G development is to do a good job in products and solutions, promote business model innovation, and establish an efficient management model.…”
Get full text

A peak-to-average power ratio reduction method for mixed-numerology multi-carrier systems by Nan SHI, Xiaoran LIU, Jun XIONG, Xiaoying ZHANG, Jibo WEI

“…In order to support diverse service demands of communication scenarios, 5G adopts the mixed-numerology system based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).The mixed-numerology systems still have the problem of high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR).Furthermore, its design structure makes it difficult to apply traditional PAPR suppression methods straight forwardly, in which mixed signals are generated by superimposing multiple sub-signals with different parameters.An optimization model for minimizing PAPR in mixed-numerology systems was established based on tone reservation method.Utilizing the characteristic of single-peak of time-domain kernel, the multiple copies were generated in different numerologies based on the peak position of the mixed signal.The mixed time-domain kernel was then superimposed to reduce the peaks of the mixed signal.Since the proposed algorithm didn’t require inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT)/ fast Fourier transform (FFT) operations during iteration, it had relatively low computational complexity.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm effectively reduces the PAPR of mixed signals.…”
Get full text

Research on computing resource allocation strategy for cloud radio access network based on demand forecasting by Zhipeng WANG, Bin CAO, Qinyu ZHANG

“…Cloud radio access network(CRAN) is a new network architecture commonly used in 5G network.It uses network function virtualization and software defined network technology to support end-to-end network slicing so that access network can share the same infrastructure.A computing resource allocation scheme based on virtualized network function(VNF) computing resource demand forecasting was proposed for cloud wireless network supporting end-to-end network slicing.Data-driven operation and maintenance framework established by the control plane collects network information and performs data processing to predict the demand for computing traffic in a period of time,which used the discrete particle swarm optimization based on best-fit-decreasing to dynamically and dynamically allocate CRAN computing resources,reducing the migration energy consumption and migration times of VNF.…”
Get full text

Key technologies of symbiotic transmission for 6G Internet of things by Mingjiang WU, Xianfu LEI, Li LI, Xiaohu TANG

“…mMTC (massive machine-type communication) is one of the three major application scenarios of 5G network,but it is highly likely that the truly mature Internet of everything may not be realized until the future 6G network.In order to realize the deep immersive ubiquitous connection network,6G IoT will simultaneously provide all-round services such as high data rate,low latency,high reliability and massive connections.Firstly,the 6G was prospected and the technical challenges of 6G IoT were summarized.Then the existing physical layer transmission technologies of IoT were reviewed.Next,the promising symbiotic transmission technologies for 6G IoT were introduced and discussed,which enable the possibility that active transmission and passive transmission facilitates each other and provide a new solution for 6G IoT transmission.Finally,some possible future research directions were presented for symbiotic transmission in 6G IoT.…”
Get full text

NR-U and Wi-Fi spectrum sharing for quality guaranteeing of power services by Junpeng LIU, Weiwei XIA, Han LIU, Chenglin XIU, Feng YAN, Lianfeng SHEN

“…To alleviate the shortage of 5G licensed spectrum resources, using unlicensed spectrum has become an important solution.With the large-scale access of power terminals, NR-U and Wi-Fi spectrum sharing for power services quality guaranteeing has become an important research hotspot.Firstly, an NR-U uplink transmission mechanism was proposed, which ensured the average throughput of Wi-Fi users and realized the data uplink transmission of power service terminals.In addition, a resource optimization algorithm for joint transmission time and subcarrier allocation (TTSA) was proposed to ensure the quality of service (QoS) of various types of power services and maximize the total throughput of terminals.The optimization problem was decoupled, and proximal policy optimization (PPO) was used to allocate subcarriers to terminals.The simulation results show that compared with the existing algorithms, the proposed resource optimization algorithm for TTSA has superior performance in guaranteeing the service quality of power services and maximizing the total terminals throughput.…”
Get full text

Woman with a Painful Rash by Leyan Shalabi, Wesley Eilbert

Get full text

Comparison of the photoactivities of two commercial titanium dioxide powders in the degradation of 1,4-dioxane by M. Mehrvar, W. A. Anderson, M. Moo-Young

“…The optimum photocatalyst loading for Degussa P25 was found to be 1.5 g L-1 while for Hombikat UV 100 was between 3.0−4.0 g L-1. …”
Get full text

Cyclooxygenase-2 Mediated Regulation of E-Cadherin Occurs in Conventional But Not Early-Onset Gastric Cancer Cell Lines by R. Sitarz, R. J. Leguit, W. W. J. de Leng, F. H. M. Morsink, W. P. Polkowski, R. Maciejewski, G. J. A. Offerhaus, A. N. Milne

Get full text

Caching strategy based on transmission delay for D2D cooperative edge caching system by Yan CAI, Fan WU, Hongbo ZHU

“…To meet the requirements of 5G system with low delay and high reliability, for a single-caching D2D cooperative edge caching system, an optimization of the caching strategy based on transmission delay was proposed.The dynamic distributions of requesting users and idle users were modeled as the independent homogeneous poisson point process (HPPP) utilizing the stochastic geometry theory.Comprehensively considering the content popularity, user location information, device transmission power and interference, the relationship between the average transmission delay of user and the cache probability distribution was derived.Taking the average transmission delay as the objective function, the optimization problem was established, and a low complexity iterative algorithm was proposed to obtain the cache strategy with sub-optimal average transmission delay.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed optimization cache strategy is superior to several common cache strategies in terms of transmission delay.…”
Get full text