Computing network:a new multi-access edge computing by Bo LEI, Zengyi LIU, Xuliang WANG, Mingchuan ·ANG, ·unqing CHEN

“…Edge computing has become an important innovative business model in the 5G era,especially its low latency characteristics,which are considered to be unavailable in traditional solutions.Therefore,edge computing can provide more service capabilities and more application scenarios.However,the synergy of computing resources between edge computing and cloud computing has become a new technical problem,so it is necessary to realize cloud network collaboration,cloud edge collaboration and even edge collaboration between edge computing,cloud computing and network,so as to achieve the optimization of resource utilization.A computing network solution based on cloud,network and edge depth fusion was introduced,and a typical system for AI application was proposed,which could effectively cope with the future.…”
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Intelligent machine-type communication and network for 6G system by Xu CHEN, Zhiqing WEI, Zhiyong FENG, Miao PAN

“…With the rapid development of smart city,smart manufacturing and other industries,machine-type communication has gained much attention of academia and industry.The extent of function integration and intelligence of machine-type communication network has become increasingly high,which imposes more stringent requirements on network delay,reliability,number of connected devices,peak rate,security and scalability.Based on analyzing the change of performance requirements,key technology and corresponding network architecture of machine-type communication network in 4G,5G to future 6G system,the intelligent sensing-communication-computation integrated network architecture was proposed for 6G machine-type communication network.…”
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Research on campus emergency command platform incorporating cloud conferencing technology by ZHU Yue, LIN Chujian

“…By establishing a campus emergency command platform that integrates cloud conferencing technology, new-generation information technologies like cloud computing, 5G, artificial intelligence, and big data were leveraged to integrate conference room systems, security monitoring systems, and cloud video conferencing systems, which had resulted in a platform capable of multi-terminal on-site response, multi-venue access, secure and stable streaming media data transmission, and comprehensive decision-making assistance. …”
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Analysis of the communication standardization and industry development of internet of vehicles by Lin LIN, Lu LI, Yuming GE

“…The internet of vehicles has become an important strategic direction for the development of the global automobile industry.China accelerates the top-level design,takes the research and deployment of a wireless communication network for vehicles based on C-V2X (now including LTE-V2X and NR-V2X) technology.And it is also required to promote the collaborative deployment of 5G and the internet of vehicles.On the basis of reviewing the latest standardization progress of 3GPP and CCSA in C-V2X,the technical standards problems found in the C-V2X“Four Layers” interoperability application demonstration were refined,and some reference suggestions were proposed for China to improve the C-V2X technical standards.…”
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Dosing of Ertapenem in an Extreme Obesity: A Case Report of 250 kg Patient by Jana Lass, Kadri Tamme, Karin Kipper, Joel Starkopf

“…We demonstrate that ertapenem 1,5 g i.v. once daily provided adequate drug exposure for susceptible bacteria in a 250 kg patient with normal renal function. …”
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LTE D2D based vehicle networking communication architecture and data distributing strategy by Jun PENG, Dong MA, Kai-yang LIU, Qian-qian ZHANG, Xiao-yong ZHANG

“…5G based vehicle networks face with the requirements of high data rate, low latency, high reliability and mas-sive multimedia streaming distribution. …”
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Beamwidth of beamforming vectors in millimeter-wave channels by Binjian LOU, Haiquan WANG, Yi HUANG, Ziwei LI, Yunyun YU

“…The beamforming technology is one of the core technologies in 5G and it can concentrate the transmitted energy in a specified area, thereby improving the performance of the system.But it is because of this feature that the energy is concentrated，any changes of the channel may cause to keep the receiver outside the specified area, and therefore, the performance of robustness is reduced.The concept of the beam width of a beamforming is one of the indicators to measure this tradeoff.Existing definition of beam widths are based on antennas, not on beamforming.Interms of beamforming, the definition of beam width was given and studied with the help of the concept in Grassmannian manifolds.On this basis, the method of beam width was discussed.It is found that the beam width of beamforming is closely related to the number of the transmitting antennas.The more the number of antennas, the more concentrated the energy, and the weaker robustness is.…”
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The Use of N-Terminal-Pro-BNP in Preterm Infants by Afif EL-Khuffash, Eleanor Molloy

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An overview of low resolution quantization in wireless communication system by Dan QIAO, Chaokai WEN, Feifei GAO, Shi JIN

“…Compared to the 4th generation (4G) mobile communication technology,the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication technology will provide tens of times of peak rate increase,reaching up to several thousands megabit per second.The coming wireless communication systems face the problems of expensive hardware cost and high power consumption,which is becoming a bottleneck of high-rate communication systems.To cope with these problems,redesigning communication systems with the receiver using finite precision analog-to-digital converters (ADC) is one possible approach.The analysis of recent information theory for the AWGN channel shows that the performance loss due to 2~3 bit ADC acceptable.The application of low resolution quantization in wireless communication systems was focused on,an overview of the channel capacity and receiver design under low-precision ADC was provided.…”
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Research on elite hierarchical task offloading strategy based on reinforcement learning in edge-cloud collaboration scenario by Juan FANG, Zhiyuan YE, Mengyuan ZHANG, Jiamei SHI, Ziyi TENG

“…With the development of 5G and the enrichment of application functions, applications have put forward higher requirements on the computing capabilities of terminal devices.In order to improve the computing capabilities of terminal devices on applications and reduce the processing time of tasks, it is aimed at mobile edge computing environments, a task offloading method for edge-cloud collaboration was proposed，and an elite hierarchical evolutionary algorithm combined with reinforcement learning (RL-EHEA) was designed to perform offloading decisions, so that multiple tasks with dependencies and deadlines compete for computing resources.The simulation experiment results show that, compared with genetic algorithm (GA) and elite genetic algorithm (EGA), RL-EHEA can shorten task processing time and obtain better resource allocation strategy.…”
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Analysis of value-added services of power communication network in energy internet by Hong ZHU, Qi SHAO

“…The value-added services of power communication networks in the energy internet were introduced.5G,4K/8K ultra high definition video,business that cloud drive all-optical network construction were analyzed.How the power company uses its resource advantages to expand energy internet value-added services and their business models were analyzed,including infrastructure resource leasing,backbone line business leased line,FTTH wholesale and telecommunication business,data center leasing,etc.Based on ubiquitous electric internet of things,power company that could combine big data and artificial intelligence to expand more value-added services was forcasted.…”
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Efficient parallel MAP timing recovery algorithm for TDS-OFDM systems by Yangguang LI, Jianrong BAO, Bin JIANG, Chao LIU

“…According to the problems of the existing timing recovery algorithm with the time-domain orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TDS-OFDM) modulation in the wireless multimedia transmissions of 5G communications,such as slow processing speed and big theoretical distance,a parallel MAP timing recovery algorithm was proposed.Specifically,the Lagrangian interpolation was used and the amplitude and polarity change of the optimal sampling points were extracted to detect the timing error efficiently.Meanwhile,with the parallel maximum a posteriori (MAP) criterion,the timing error estimate was obtained at high speed.The simulation results show that the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is improved,when comparing with the existing MM algorithm,Gardner algorithm and others.The estimation result is very close to the MAP timing recovery algorithm,the difference is about 2 dB.…”
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Analysis and prospect of communication technology in smart urban rail by Junhui ZHAO, Danyang ZHANG, Lin HE

“…The particularity of the urban rail transit environment leads to the problems such as reducing communication reliability, delay performance and operating efficiency bottlenecks.Therefore, the demand for urban rail communication was analyzed from the perspective of overall operational efficiency.New intelligent communication control technologies such as T2T (train to train) communication, 5G, artificial intelligence, and mobile edge computing were combined to summarize and prospect the key technologies of urban rail communication.Then, a new type of urban rail communication network architecture was proposed.Finally, the research direction and challenges of smart urban rail communication technology were discussed, which also provided a research foundation for the development of smart cities.…”
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An overview of wireless transmission technology utilizing artificial intelligence by Jing ZHANG, Shi JIN, Chaokai WEN, Feifei GAO, Tao JIANG

“…Intelligent communication is considered to be one of themainstream directions in the development of wireless communications after 5G.Its basic idea is to introduce artificial intelligence into all aspects of wireless communication systems,realizing the significant integration of wireless communication and artificial intelligence technology.At present,the research in this field is advancing to the physi cal layer.The combination of wireless transmission and deep learning is also in the preliminary exploration stage.Key technologies of wireless physi cal layer based on deep learning were introduced in detail from the aspects of channel estimation,signal detection,feedback and reconstruction of channel state information,channel decoding,end-to-end wireless communication systems,the latest research progress of international academic circles in recent years was presented.On this basis,the development trend in the future was preliminarily forecasted.…”
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Self-attention mechanism-based CSI eigenvector feedback for massive MIMO by Bei YANG, Xin LIANG, Hang YIN, Zheng JIANG, Xiaoming SHE

“…Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system can provide satisfying gain of spectrum efficiency for 5G and future wireless communication systems.In frequency-division duplex (FDD) mode, downlink channel state information (CSI) needs to be accurately fed back to the base station side to obtain this gain.To improve the feedback accuracy of downlink CSI eigenvector, a self-attention mechanism-based CSI feedback method named SA-CsiNet was proposed.SA-CsiNet respectively deployed self-attention modules at the encoder and the decoder to achieve feature extraction and reconstruction of CSI.Experimental results show that compared with codebook-based and conventional deep learning-based CSI feedback approaches, SA-CsiNet provides higher reconstruction accuracy of CSI.…”
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Research on network intelligence for 6G by Qingtian WANG, Yang LIU, Haitao LIU, Jiaying ZONG, Fengyi YANG

“…Intelligent network has been proposed as early as the 5G era.Towards the 6G era, the network will support more application scenarios and performance requirements.A fully-covered and fully-connected network system requires more intelligent management and maintenance.Firstly, the scope and new application scenarios for 6G networks were introduced, and then the research progress of early-stage network intelligence was summarized.Secondly, the current shortages and supporting technologies of network intelligence for 6G were summarized.Thirdly, the architecture of the intelligent network for 6G and give details about the intelligent function elements were presented, moreover, the use case about the indoor positioning to illustrate the process of network intelligence was given.At last, the evolution route of network intelligence with edge data center was depicted.…”
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Survey of federated learning research by Chuanxin ZHOU, Yi SUN, Degang WANG, Huawei GE

“…Federated learning has rapidly become a research hotspot in the field of security machine learning in recent years because it can train the global optimal model collaboratively without the need for multiple data source aggregation.Firstly, the federated learning framework, algorithm principle and classification were summarized.Then, the main threats and challenges it faced, were analysed indepth the comparative analysis of typical research programs in the three directions of communication efficiency, privacy and security, trust and incentive mechanism was focused on, and their advantages and disadvantages were pointed out.Finally, Combined with application of edge computing, blockchain, 5G and other emerging technologies to federated learning, its future development prospects and research hotspots was prospected.…”
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Compatibility study between IMT and inter-satellite service systems in 25.25～27.5 GHz frequency band by Zhaojun QIAN, Tan WANG, Long KANG, Bo LI

“…In addition, the tradeoff between the total number of IMT BS and its transmission power was analyzed with certain interference margin.These results are useful for designing and deployment of IMT systems in 25.25～27.5 GHz band 5G spectrum planning in the future.…”
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Variable granularity service function chain mapping algorithm based on microservice architecture by Xiaochun WU, Chen HONG, Yue ZHANG, Junnan ZHANG, Jingjing ZHOU

“…For the problem that the end-to-end delay of the service function chain (SFC) cannot meet the demand of delay-sensitive applications in 5G environment, a variable granularity service function chain mapping (VG-SFCM) algorithm based on microservice architecture was proposed by splitting the traditional virtualized network function (VNF) into mapping units of varying granularity.Firstly, the traditional coarse-grained VNF was decoupled into fine-grained microservice units, and then the instantiation of microservice units was reduced through the consolidation of redundant microservice units within SFC and the reuse of microservice units between SFC, thus reducing the processing time of SFC.The simulation results show that the algorithm reduces the end-to-end delay of SFC by 14.81% compared to the traditional mapping algorithm while reducing the average deployment network cost.…”
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Prevention of Relapse in Reflux Esophagitis: A Placebo Controlled Study of Ranitidine 150 mg BID and 300 mg BID by John H Hegarty, Lars Halvorsen, Bouke P Hazenberg, Andrzej Nowak, Colin L Smith, Alan B Thomson, G Vantrappen, Ceri J Mckenna, Jane G Mills

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