EMSAM: enhanced multi-scale segment anything model for leaf disease segmentation by Junlong Li, Quan Feng, Jianhua Zhang, Jianhua Zhang, Sen Yang

“…Both outputs of LFEM and GFEM are then effectively fused in the Feature Fusion Module (FFM), which is optimized with cross-branch and channel attention mechanisms, significantly enhancing the model’s ability to handle blurred boundaries and complex shapes. …”
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Deep Learning in Defect Detection of Wind Turbine Blades: A Review by Katleho Masita, Ali N. Hasan, Thokozani Shongwe, Hasan Abu Hilal

“…The increasing adoption of wind turbines as a key component of renewable energy generation necessitates the development of efficient and reliable maintenance strategies to ensure their optimal performance and safety. Among the most critical aspects of turbine maintenance is detecting and classifying defects in wind turbine blades, which are constantly exposed to extreme environmental conditions. …”
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Phase tomography with axial structured illumination by Nishant Goyal, Kedar Khare

“…HT systems go beyond digital holographic microscopes (DHM) that provide a two-dimensional representation of the total accumulated phase acquired by a plane beam on transmission through a 3D sample. While the early HT systems used a direct reconstruction methodology based on the Fourier diffraction theorem, in recent years, there is an increasing shift towards iterative optimization frameworks for solving the 3D RI reconstruction problem. …”
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Quantitative assessment and Kirschner-wire fixation of an isolated sustentaculum tali fracture in a 7-year-old girl—a case report by Fengyong Mao, Lei Ni, Li Ju

“…Although this investigation offers valuable technical insights, multi-institutional prospective studies are warranted to establish definitive surgical criteria and standardized management algorithms.…”
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Role of Roadside Units in Cluster Head Election and Coverage Maximization for Vehicle Emergency Services by Ravneet Kaur, Robin Doss, Lei Pan, Chaitanya Singla, Selvarajah Thuseethan

“…Efficient clustering algorithms are critical for enabling the timely dissemination of emergency messages across maximum coverage areas in vehicular networks. …”
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Post-Quantum Cryptography Resilience in Telehealth Using Quantum Key Distribution by Don Roosan, Rubayat Khan, Saif Nirzhor, Fahmida Hai

“…Future studies should explore additional optimizations, homomorphic encryption, and larger-scale pilots under regulatory standards.…”
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Low-light image enhancement method based on retinex theory and dual-tree complex wavelet transform by Yuqian Zhang, Jie Jiang, Zhan Wang, Qi Zhang, Yudi Jiang, Jun Liu, Zeyao Hou

“…Unsupervised methods, while reducing dependency on paired images, often suffer from limited data priors, leading to artifacts and subpar image quality. …”
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Advancement of Artificial Intelligence in Cost Estimation for Project Management Success: A Systematic Review of Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Regression, and Hybrid Models by Md. Mahfuzul Islam Shamim, Abu Bakar bin Abdul Hamid, Tadiwa Elisha Nyamasvisva, Najmus Saqib Bin Rafi

“…Hybrid models combine the strengths of different algorithms, achieving 80–90% accuracy on average, and are particularly effective in complex, multi-faceted projects. …”
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Analyzing Post-fire Vegetation Dynamics with Ultra-high Resolution Remote Sensing Data by O. Petrov, O. Petrov, A. Medvedev

“…Co-alignment was applied to multi-temporal UAV datasets, and tree segmentation was performed using the algorithms developed for Airborne Laser Scanning (ASL) forest point clouds. …”
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M3S-GRPred: a novel ensemble learning approach for the interpretable prediction of glucocorticoid receptor antagonists using a multi-step stacking strategy by Nalini Schaduangrat, Hathaichanok Chuntakaruk, Thanyada Rungrotmongkol, Pakpoom Mookdarsanit, Watshara Shoombuatong

“…Abstract Accelerating drug discovery for glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-related disorders, including innovative machine learning (ML)-based approaches, holds promise in advancing therapeutic development, optimizing treatment efficacy, and mitigating adverse effects. …”
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Urban Heat Island Effect: Remote Sensing Monitoring and Assessment—Methods, Applications, and Future Directions by Lili Zhao, Xuncheng Fan, Tao Hong

“…In terms of applications, the paper elaborates on the practical value of remote sensing technology in identifying thermally vulnerable areas, green space planning, urban material optimization, and decision support for UHI mitigation. …”
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SARS-COV-2 PREVALENCE IN INDIA COMPARED TO THE REST OF THE GLOBE AND ASCERTAINS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC DURING 2020 IN INDIA by M. Rajesh Kumar Rao, Rabindra N. Padhy, Manoj Kumar Das

“…We ascertain the pandemic burden of COVID-19 disease between India and the rest of the world; monitor the burden of COVID-19 disease in Indian states and union territories compared to other countries with nearly equivalent population sizes, and study the epidemiological characteristics.Material and Methods: A population-based comparative optimization algorithms study was conducted on all COVID positive cases reported by 31st December 2020.Results: Confirmed cases resulted in India with a ratio of 1:7.2 to the rest of the world, with a lower mortality rate with a ratio of 1:12 (CMR per 100,000 people) than other countries. …”
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The future of critical care: AI-powered mortality prediction for acute variceal gastrointestinal bleeding and acute non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding patients by Zhou Liu, Guijun Jiang, Liang Zhang, Palpasa Shrestha, Yugang Hu, Yi Zhu, Guang Li, Yuanguo Xiong, Liying Zhan

“…In case of ANGIB patients, gradient boosting model proven to be the optimal machine learning models, with the AUC of 0.985 ± 0.002, accuracy of 0.948 ± 0.009, precision of 0.949 ± 0.009, recall of 0.968 ± 0.009, and F1 score of 0.959 ± 0.007. …”
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The 2024 revised clinical guidelines on the management of thyroid tumors by the Japan Association of Endocrine Surgery by Iwao Sugitani, Naomi Kiyota, Yasuhiro Ito, Naoyoshi Onoda, Tomo Hiromasa, Kiyomi Horiuchi, Seigo Kinuya, Tetsuo Kondo, Sueyoshi Moritani, Kiminori Sugino, Hisato Hara

“…Based on these, we illustrated overall flows of care as “Clinical algorithms”. Necessary background knowledge of diseases and established clinical procedures for understanding the recommendations are presented in “Notes”, while information that may be clinically useful but for which evidence remains insufficient is included in “Columns”, based on the current state of evidence. …”
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A multimodal approach for enhanced disease management in cauliflower crops: integration of spectral sensors, machine learning models and targeted spraying technology by Rohit ANAND, Roaf Ahmad PARRAY, Indra MANI, Tapan Kumar KHURA, Harilal KUSHWAHA, Brij Bihari SHARMA, Susheel SARKAR, Samarth GODARA, Shideh MOJERLOU, Hasan MIRZAKHANINAFCHI

“…The decision tree model achieved 89.9% testing accuracy, while the SVM model achieved 96.7% accuracy using hyperparameters: cost of 10.0 and tolerance of 0.001. …”
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The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Diagnostics: Implications for Sports Medicine by Michał Bolek, Dominika Musialska, Aleksandra Kędzia, Bartosz Jagieła, Monika Fidyk, Magda Minkiewicz, Maciej Dyda

“…Recent advancements allow AI systems to analyze physiological, biomechanical, and behavioral data, leading to improved injury prevention and performance optimization in athletes. These AI-driven tools can predict injury risks by evaluating training loads, biomechanics, and real-time physiological signals. …”
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YOLO11-ARAF: An Accurate and Lightweight Method for Apple Detection in Real-World Complex Orchard Environments by Yangtian Lin, Yujun Xia, Pengcheng Xia, Zhengyang Liu, Haodi Wang, Chengjin Qin, Liang Gong, Chengliang Liu

“…Third, we applied knowledge distillation to transfer the enhanced model to a compact YOLO11n framework, maintaining high detection efficiency while reducing computational cost, and optimizing it for deployment on devices with limited computational resources. …”
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Deep reinforcement learning applications and prospects in industrial scenarios by JING TAN, Ligang YANG, Xiaorui LI, Zhaolin YUAN, Yunduan CUI, Chao YAO, Zongjie WANG, Xiaojuan BAN

“…Central to these systems are control algorithms, which enable the automation of operations, optimization of process parameters, and reduction of operational costs. …”
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Alpine Meadow Fractional Vegetation Cover Estimation Using UAV-Aided Sentinel-2 Imagery by Kai Du, Yi Shao, Naixin Yao, Hongyan Yu, Shaozhong Ma, Xufeng Mao, Litao Wang, Jianjun Wang

“…Subsequently, four machine learning models were employed for an accurate FVC inversion, using the estimated FVC values and UAV-derived reference FVC as inputs, following feature importance ranking and model parameter optimization. The results showed that: (1) Machine learning algorithms based on Sentinel-2 and UAV imagery effectively improved the accuracy of FVC estimation in alpine meadows. …”
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Control of multi-level quadratic DC-DC boost converter for photovoltaic systems using type-2 fuzzy logic technique-based MPPT approaches by Souheyb Mohammed Belhadj, Bouziane Meliani, Habib Benbouhenni, Sarra Zaidi, Z.M.S. Elbarbary, Mohammed M. Alammer

“…These results highlight the significant potential of the MPPT-T2FLC in optimizing energy extraction and improving the reliability of PV systems operating under dynamic environmental conditions.…”
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