Prognostic assessment of sarcopenia in patients with fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Currently, the prevalence of sarcopenia is on the rise. Sarcopenia may significantly affect the prognosis of fracture patients by increasing postoperative complications, diminishing quality of life, and raising mortality rates. This studyaims to investigate the impact of sarcopen...
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BMC
2025-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08775-w |
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| author | Hejie Zheng Tianhong Wang Zhuoyang Li Huimin Lu |
| author_facet | Hejie Zheng Tianhong Wang Zhuoyang Li Huimin Lu |
| author_sort | Hejie Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Currently, the prevalence of sarcopenia is on the rise. Sarcopenia may significantly affect the prognosis of fracture patients by increasing postoperative complications, diminishing quality of life, and raising mortality rates. This studyaims to investigate the impact of sarcopenia on the prognosis of fractures. Methods A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science using the keywords “sarcopenia” and “fracture” from the inception of each database to January 14, 2025. The logarithm and its standard error of the odds ratio (OR) were calculated to assess the effect size. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using a one-by-one exclusion approach. Publication bias was evaluated through funnel plots, Egger’s test, Begg’s test, and the trim and fill method. Results Our pooled analysis of data from 30 studies, comprising 32 datasets, demonstrated that sarcopenia significantly elevated the risk of poor prognosis in fracture patients (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.24–1.85), particularly, the risk of refracture (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.36–2.03). In hip fractures, sarcopenia similarly increased the risk of poor prognosis (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.17–1.76), refracture (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.21–1.96) and poor functional recovery (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.41–3.21). Conclusion Sarcopenia plays a crucial role as a risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with fractures, including both an elevated risk of mortality, refracture and poor functional recovery. This necessitates that clinical workers place greater emphasis on the identification and diagnosis of sarcopenia in practice, deliver enhanced clinical care tailored to fracture patients, conduct more prospective studies, and advocate for the global standardization of sarcopenia diagnostic criteria in the future. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-feab0f08bd4e4e648258e750950a99fb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2474 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| spelling | doaj-art-feab0f08bd4e4e648258e750950a99fb2025-08-20T03:25:15ZengBMCBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders1471-24742025-06-0126111410.1186/s12891-025-08775-wPrognostic assessment of sarcopenia in patients with fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysisHejie Zheng0Tianhong Wang1Zhuoyang Li2Huimin Lu3Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaDepartment of Clinical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversitySchool of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyCenter of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityAbstract Background Currently, the prevalence of sarcopenia is on the rise. Sarcopenia may significantly affect the prognosis of fracture patients by increasing postoperative complications, diminishing quality of life, and raising mortality rates. This studyaims to investigate the impact of sarcopenia on the prognosis of fractures. Methods A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science using the keywords “sarcopenia” and “fracture” from the inception of each database to January 14, 2025. The logarithm and its standard error of the odds ratio (OR) were calculated to assess the effect size. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using a one-by-one exclusion approach. Publication bias was evaluated through funnel plots, Egger’s test, Begg’s test, and the trim and fill method. Results Our pooled analysis of data from 30 studies, comprising 32 datasets, demonstrated that sarcopenia significantly elevated the risk of poor prognosis in fracture patients (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.24–1.85), particularly, the risk of refracture (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.36–2.03). In hip fractures, sarcopenia similarly increased the risk of poor prognosis (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.17–1.76), refracture (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.21–1.96) and poor functional recovery (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.41–3.21). Conclusion Sarcopenia plays a crucial role as a risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with fractures, including both an elevated risk of mortality, refracture and poor functional recovery. This necessitates that clinical workers place greater emphasis on the identification and diagnosis of sarcopenia in practice, deliver enhanced clinical care tailored to fracture patients, conduct more prospective studies, and advocate for the global standardization of sarcopenia diagnostic criteria in the future.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08775-wSarcopeniaFracturePrognosisMortalityRefractureMeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Hejie Zheng Tianhong Wang Zhuoyang Li Huimin Lu Prognostic assessment of sarcopenia in patients with fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Sarcopenia Fracture Prognosis Mortality Refracture Meta-analysis |
| title | Prognostic assessment of sarcopenia in patients with fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Prognostic assessment of sarcopenia in patients with fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Prognostic assessment of sarcopenia in patients with fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prognostic assessment of sarcopenia in patients with fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Prognostic assessment of sarcopenia in patients with fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | prognostic assessment of sarcopenia in patients with fractures a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Sarcopenia Fracture Prognosis Mortality Refracture Meta-analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08775-w |
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