Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Obtained from Patients in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the CANWARD 2007 Study
INTRODUCTION: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important nosocomial pathogen. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of P aeruginosa isolates obtained from patients in different areas of Canadian hospitals. METHODS: From January to December 2007 inclusi...
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| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2009-01-01
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| Series: | Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/431529 |
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| author | Andrew Walkty Melanie DeCorby Kim Nichol Melissa McCracken Michael R Mulvey James A Karlowsky Daryl J Hoban George G Zhanel |
| author_facet | Andrew Walkty Melanie DeCorby Kim Nichol Melissa McCracken Michael R Mulvey James A Karlowsky Daryl J Hoban George G Zhanel |
| author_sort | Andrew Walkty |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | INTRODUCTION: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important nosocomial
pathogen. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the
antimicrobial susceptibility profile of P aeruginosa isolates obtained
from patients in different areas of Canadian hospitals.
METHODS: From January to December 2007 inclusive, 12 sentinel
hospitals across Canada submitted clinical isolates from patients
attending emergency rooms, medical wards, surgical wards and intensive
care units (ICUs) (the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study
[CANWARD 2007]). Each centre was asked to submit clinical isolates
(consecutive, one per patient per infection site) from blood (n=360),
respiratory (n=200), urine (n=100) and wound/intravenous (n=50)
infections. Susceptibility testing was performed using Clinical and
Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods.
Multidrug-resistant (MDR; resistant to at least three different antimicrobial
classes) isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
RESULTS: In total, 451 P aeruginosa isolates were collected (representing
7% of all CANWARD 2007 isolates). The rank order of antimicrobial
susceptibility was as follows (percent susceptible): amikacin
(93.1%) = piperacillin/tazobactam (93.1%) > meropenem (87.4%) >
cefepime (69.4%) > ciprofloxacin (67.2%) > gentamicin (66.1%) >
levofloxacin (60.5%). Reduced susceptibility to cefepime, meropenem
and levofloxacin was observed more frequently among ICU isolates
(P<0.05). Thirty-four isolates (7.5%) were MDR. MDR isolates were
more likely to be obtained from patients in an ICU (P=0.003) and less
likely to come from a bloodstream source (P=0.008). Excluding colistin
(polymyxin E), amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam, followed by
meropenem, were the most active antimicrobials evaluated versus the
MDR isolates. All of the MDR isolates were susceptible to colistin.
The majority of MDR isolates were genetically unrelated.
CONCLUSIONS: P aeruginosa is common among clinical specimens
from patients in Canadian hospitals. Of the antipseudomonal antimicrobials
evaluated, amikacin, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam
demonstrated the greatest in vitro activity. Isolates with reduced antimicrobial
susceptibility and MDR isolates were more often obtained
from ICU patients. All of the MDR isolates remained susceptible to
colistin. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fe73c7dcfd5545d49b47421d20c3365b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1712-9532 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2009-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-fe73c7dcfd5545d49b47421d20c3365b2025-02-03T05:49:45ZengWileyCanadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology1712-95322009-01-0120Suppl A54A58A10.1155/2009/431529Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Obtained from Patients in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the CANWARD 2007 StudyAndrew Walkty0Melanie DeCorby1Kim Nichol2Melissa McCracken3Michael R Mulvey4James A Karlowsky5Daryl J Hoban6George G Zhanel7Departments of Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre, CanadaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, CanadaDepartments of Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre, CanadaNosocomial Infections Branch, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaNosocomial Infections Branch, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaDepartments of Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre, CanadaDepartments of Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre, CanadaDepartments of Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre, CanadaINTRODUCTION: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important nosocomial pathogen. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of P aeruginosa isolates obtained from patients in different areas of Canadian hospitals. METHODS: From January to December 2007 inclusive, 12 sentinel hospitals across Canada submitted clinical isolates from patients attending emergency rooms, medical wards, surgical wards and intensive care units (ICUs) (the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study [CANWARD 2007]). Each centre was asked to submit clinical isolates (consecutive, one per patient per infection site) from blood (n=360), respiratory (n=200), urine (n=100) and wound/intravenous (n=50) infections. Susceptibility testing was performed using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods. Multidrug-resistant (MDR; resistant to at least three different antimicrobial classes) isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: In total, 451 P aeruginosa isolates were collected (representing 7% of all CANWARD 2007 isolates). The rank order of antimicrobial susceptibility was as follows (percent susceptible): amikacin (93.1%) = piperacillin/tazobactam (93.1%) > meropenem (87.4%) > cefepime (69.4%) > ciprofloxacin (67.2%) > gentamicin (66.1%) > levofloxacin (60.5%). Reduced susceptibility to cefepime, meropenem and levofloxacin was observed more frequently among ICU isolates (P<0.05). Thirty-four isolates (7.5%) were MDR. MDR isolates were more likely to be obtained from patients in an ICU (P=0.003) and less likely to come from a bloodstream source (P=0.008). Excluding colistin (polymyxin E), amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam, followed by meropenem, were the most active antimicrobials evaluated versus the MDR isolates. All of the MDR isolates were susceptible to colistin. The majority of MDR isolates were genetically unrelated. CONCLUSIONS: P aeruginosa is common among clinical specimens from patients in Canadian hospitals. Of the antipseudomonal antimicrobials evaluated, amikacin, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam demonstrated the greatest in vitro activity. Isolates with reduced antimicrobial susceptibility and MDR isolates were more often obtained from ICU patients. All of the MDR isolates remained susceptible to colistin.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/431529 |
| spellingShingle | Andrew Walkty Melanie DeCorby Kim Nichol Melissa McCracken Michael R Mulvey James A Karlowsky Daryl J Hoban George G Zhanel Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Obtained from Patients in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the CANWARD 2007 Study Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology |
| title | Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Obtained from Patients in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the CANWARD 2007 Study |
| title_full | Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Obtained from Patients in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the CANWARD 2007 Study |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Obtained from Patients in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the CANWARD 2007 Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Obtained from Patients in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the CANWARD 2007 Study |
| title_short | Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Obtained from Patients in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the CANWARD 2007 Study |
| title_sort | characterization of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from patients in canadian hospitals results of the canward 2007 study |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/431529 |
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