Evaluating the Protective Effects of MitoQ and Antifreeze Protein III on Cryopreserved Canine Sperm
Cryopreservation can adversely affect sperm motility, structural integrity, and fertilization ability. This study investigated the effects of MitoQ and antifreeze protein III (AFP III) on frozen–thawed semen from eight adult dogs using a Tris–fructose extender. Ejaculates were divided and diluted wi...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Abbas Farshad Emilia Diel Axel Wehrend |
| author_facet | Abbas Farshad Emilia Diel Axel Wehrend |
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| description | Cryopreservation can adversely affect sperm motility, structural integrity, and fertilization ability. This study investigated the effects of MitoQ and antifreeze protein III (AFP III) on frozen–thawed semen from eight adult dogs using a Tris–fructose extender. Ejaculates were divided and diluted with a standard Tris–fructose–egg yolk extender containing MitoQ (200 nM/mL) and AFP III (0.75, 1.0, 2.0 µg/mL), individually or combined. Post-thaw, samples were evaluated for motility, viability, membrane and acrosome integrity, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis indicators, mitochondrial function, and reactive oxygen species (ROS-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). The results showed significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) improvements in motility rate, progressive motility, VAP, VSL, VCL, ALH, and BCF with MitoQ or AFP alone. AFP III (0.75, 1.0 µg/mL) showed higher values than controls (<i>p</i> > 0.05), while MitoQ alone showed no significant effect. Viability and acrosome integrity improved with AFP III. Membrane integrity and lipid peroxidation were better in 0.75 and 1.0 µg/mL AFP III groups. ROS-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> levels and mitochondrial membrane potential were unaffected except at 1.0 µg/mL AFP III. The phosphatidylserine translocation assay showed no significant differences in dead sperm between controls and individual treatments, but significant differences occurred with combined MitoQ/AFP III. In conclusion, AFP III and MitoQ in diluents protect canine sperm cells from cryodamage. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-fe1b8029d3b84b8d99020edd2210b4d22025-01-24T13:18:22ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-01-0115227010.3390/ani15020270Evaluating the Protective Effects of MitoQ and Antifreeze Protein III on Cryopreserved Canine SpermAbbas Farshad0Emilia Diel1Axel Wehrend2Veterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, GermanyVeterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, GermanyVeterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, GermanyCryopreservation can adversely affect sperm motility, structural integrity, and fertilization ability. This study investigated the effects of MitoQ and antifreeze protein III (AFP III) on frozen–thawed semen from eight adult dogs using a Tris–fructose extender. Ejaculates were divided and diluted with a standard Tris–fructose–egg yolk extender containing MitoQ (200 nM/mL) and AFP III (0.75, 1.0, 2.0 µg/mL), individually or combined. Post-thaw, samples were evaluated for motility, viability, membrane and acrosome integrity, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis indicators, mitochondrial function, and reactive oxygen species (ROS-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). The results showed significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) improvements in motility rate, progressive motility, VAP, VSL, VCL, ALH, and BCF with MitoQ or AFP alone. AFP III (0.75, 1.0 µg/mL) showed higher values than controls (<i>p</i> > 0.05), while MitoQ alone showed no significant effect. Viability and acrosome integrity improved with AFP III. Membrane integrity and lipid peroxidation were better in 0.75 and 1.0 µg/mL AFP III groups. ROS-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> levels and mitochondrial membrane potential were unaffected except at 1.0 µg/mL AFP III. The phosphatidylserine translocation assay showed no significant differences in dead sperm between controls and individual treatments, but significant differences occurred with combined MitoQ/AFP III. In conclusion, AFP III and MitoQ in diluents protect canine sperm cells from cryodamage.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/270mitoQantifreeze protein IIIfreezingdogspermatozoa |
| spellingShingle | Abbas Farshad Emilia Diel Axel Wehrend Evaluating the Protective Effects of MitoQ and Antifreeze Protein III on Cryopreserved Canine Sperm Animals mitoQ antifreeze protein III freezing dog spermatozoa |
| title | Evaluating the Protective Effects of MitoQ and Antifreeze Protein III on Cryopreserved Canine Sperm |
| title_full | Evaluating the Protective Effects of MitoQ and Antifreeze Protein III on Cryopreserved Canine Sperm |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating the Protective Effects of MitoQ and Antifreeze Protein III on Cryopreserved Canine Sperm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating the Protective Effects of MitoQ and Antifreeze Protein III on Cryopreserved Canine Sperm |
| title_short | Evaluating the Protective Effects of MitoQ and Antifreeze Protein III on Cryopreserved Canine Sperm |
| title_sort | evaluating the protective effects of mitoq and antifreeze protein iii on cryopreserved canine sperm |
| topic | mitoQ antifreeze protein III freezing dog spermatozoa |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/270 |
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