Focal Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy – A Case Report with Clinical Application and Validation of 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society Criteria

The updated 2021 criteria of the European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society (EAN/PNS) for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) has excellent diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for typical and variants of CIDP. For focal CIDP, applications of these criteria may be...

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Main Authors: Fu Liong Hiew, Winnie Lee Mei Paan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-01-01
Series:Acta Neurologica Taiwanica
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ANT.ANT_112_0101
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author Fu Liong Hiew
Winnie Lee Mei Paan
author_facet Fu Liong Hiew
Winnie Lee Mei Paan
author_sort Fu Liong Hiew
collection DOAJ
description The updated 2021 criteria of the European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society (EAN/PNS) for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) has excellent diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for typical and variants of CIDP. For focal CIDP, applications of these criteria may be different due to limited peripheral nerve involvement. We illustrate using a rare case of focal CIDP on the applicability of 2021 EAN/PNS criteria and its practical limitations. A young woman presented with progressive right foot drop and numbness over 5 years. Clinically, she had areflexic right lower limb monoparesis with a sensory deficit over the dorsum of the right foot. A nerve conduction study showed normal right peroneal distal compound motor action potential but marked temporal dispersion with conduction block and significantly prolonged F-waves latency suggestive of demyelination. Right sural sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) were small in amplitude with the absence of right superficial peroneal SNAP. These findings suggested a focal sensorimotor acquired demyelinating neuropathy involving right lower limb nerves and fulfilled possible focal CIDP as per the 2021 EAN/PNS criteria. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed albuminocytological dissociation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral plexus was unremarkable. She received intravenous methylprednisolone, followed by oral prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil. Clinically, right lower limb power is in parallel with functional scores. With an objective positive clinical response to treatment in addition to elevated CSF protein as supportive criteria, the diagnosis of possible focal CIDP was upgraded to focal CIDP. The inclusion of supportive criteria in the updated EAN/PNS diagnostic criteria improves diagnostic certainty in focal CIDP.
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spelling doaj-art-fde4232870c443c09ab0f24d28e414382025-08-20T03:24:47ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsActa Neurologica Taiwanica1028-768X2025-01-01341242710.4103/ANT.ANT_112_0101Focal Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy – A Case Report with Clinical Application and Validation of 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society CriteriaFu Liong HiewWinnie Lee Mei PaanThe updated 2021 criteria of the European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society (EAN/PNS) for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) has excellent diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for typical and variants of CIDP. For focal CIDP, applications of these criteria may be different due to limited peripheral nerve involvement. We illustrate using a rare case of focal CIDP on the applicability of 2021 EAN/PNS criteria and its practical limitations. A young woman presented with progressive right foot drop and numbness over 5 years. Clinically, she had areflexic right lower limb monoparesis with a sensory deficit over the dorsum of the right foot. A nerve conduction study showed normal right peroneal distal compound motor action potential but marked temporal dispersion with conduction block and significantly prolonged F-waves latency suggestive of demyelination. Right sural sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) were small in amplitude with the absence of right superficial peroneal SNAP. These findings suggested a focal sensorimotor acquired demyelinating neuropathy involving right lower limb nerves and fulfilled possible focal CIDP as per the 2021 EAN/PNS criteria. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed albuminocytological dissociation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral plexus was unremarkable. She received intravenous methylprednisolone, followed by oral prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil. Clinically, right lower limb power is in parallel with functional scores. With an objective positive clinical response to treatment in addition to elevated CSF protein as supportive criteria, the diagnosis of possible focal CIDP was upgraded to focal CIDP. The inclusion of supportive criteria in the updated EAN/PNS diagnostic criteria improves diagnostic certainty in focal CIDP.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ANT.ANT_112_01012021 european academy of neurology/peripheral nerve society criteriacase reportchronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathychronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy variantsfocal chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
spellingShingle Fu Liong Hiew
Winnie Lee Mei Paan
Focal Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy – A Case Report with Clinical Application and Validation of 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society Criteria
Acta Neurologica Taiwanica
2021 european academy of neurology/peripheral nerve society criteria
case report
chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy variants
focal chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
title Focal Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy – A Case Report with Clinical Application and Validation of 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society Criteria
title_full Focal Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy – A Case Report with Clinical Application and Validation of 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society Criteria
title_fullStr Focal Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy – A Case Report with Clinical Application and Validation of 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society Criteria
title_full_unstemmed Focal Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy – A Case Report with Clinical Application and Validation of 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society Criteria
title_short Focal Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy – A Case Report with Clinical Application and Validation of 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society Criteria
title_sort focal chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy a case report with clinical application and validation of 2021 european academy of neurology peripheral nerve society criteria
topic 2021 european academy of neurology/peripheral nerve society criteria
case report
chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy variants
focal chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ANT.ANT_112_0101
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