Essential Role of Thioredoxin 2 in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Retinal Epithelial Cells
The retina is constantly subjected to oxidative stress, which is countered by potent antioxidative systems present in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Disruption of these systems leads to the development of age-related macular degeneration. Thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) is a potent antioxidant, which...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/185825 |
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| author | Eriko Sugano Namie Murayama Maki Takahashi Kitako Tabata Makoto Tamai Hiroshi Tomita |
| author_facet | Eriko Sugano Namie Murayama Maki Takahashi Kitako Tabata Makoto Tamai Hiroshi Tomita |
| author_sort | Eriko Sugano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The retina is constantly subjected to oxidative stress, which is countered by potent antioxidative systems present in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Disruption of these systems leads to the development of age-related macular degeneration. Thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) is a potent antioxidant, which acts directly on mitochondria. In the present study, oxidative stress was induced in the human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) using 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) or C2-ceramide. The protective effect of Trx2 against oxidative stress was investigated by assessing cell viability, the kinetics of cell death, mitochondrial metabolic activity, and expression of heat shock proteins (Hsps) in Trx2-overexpressing cell lines generated by transfecting ARPE cells with an adeno-associated virus vector encoding Trx2. We show that overexpression of Trx2 reduced cell death induced by both agents when they were present in low concentrations. Moreover, early after the induction of oxidative stress Trx2 played a key role in the maintenance of the cell viability through upregulation of mitochondrial metabolic activity and inhibition of Hsp70 expression. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fd61b93940604d4b903b1eef7e4e8025 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-004X 2090-0058 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-fd61b93940604d4b903b1eef7e4e80252025-02-03T05:52:17ZengWileyJournal of Ophthalmology2090-004X2090-00582013-01-01201310.1155/2013/185825185825Essential Role of Thioredoxin 2 in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Retinal Epithelial CellsEriko Sugano0Namie Murayama1Maki Takahashi2Kitako Tabata3Makoto Tamai4Hiroshi Tomita5Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8551, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8551, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8551, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8551, JapanSchool of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryou-machi, Sendai 980-8574, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8551, JapanThe retina is constantly subjected to oxidative stress, which is countered by potent antioxidative systems present in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Disruption of these systems leads to the development of age-related macular degeneration. Thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) is a potent antioxidant, which acts directly on mitochondria. In the present study, oxidative stress was induced in the human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) using 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) or C2-ceramide. The protective effect of Trx2 against oxidative stress was investigated by assessing cell viability, the kinetics of cell death, mitochondrial metabolic activity, and expression of heat shock proteins (Hsps) in Trx2-overexpressing cell lines generated by transfecting ARPE cells with an adeno-associated virus vector encoding Trx2. We show that overexpression of Trx2 reduced cell death induced by both agents when they were present in low concentrations. Moreover, early after the induction of oxidative stress Trx2 played a key role in the maintenance of the cell viability through upregulation of mitochondrial metabolic activity and inhibition of Hsp70 expression.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/185825 |
| spellingShingle | Eriko Sugano Namie Murayama Maki Takahashi Kitako Tabata Makoto Tamai Hiroshi Tomita Essential Role of Thioredoxin 2 in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Retinal Epithelial Cells Journal of Ophthalmology |
| title | Essential Role of Thioredoxin 2 in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Retinal Epithelial Cells |
| title_full | Essential Role of Thioredoxin 2 in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Retinal Epithelial Cells |
| title_fullStr | Essential Role of Thioredoxin 2 in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Retinal Epithelial Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Essential Role of Thioredoxin 2 in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Retinal Epithelial Cells |
| title_short | Essential Role of Thioredoxin 2 in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Retinal Epithelial Cells |
| title_sort | essential role of thioredoxin 2 in mitigating oxidative stress in retinal epithelial cells |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/185825 |
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