Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: is it time to screen?
Abstract Background Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome are recognized risk factors for premature atherosclerosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and metabolic sy...
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BMC
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Lipids in Health and Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-024-02395-4 |
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| author | Sirin Nuntasri Sirirat Charuvanij Kraisoon Lomjansook Puthita Saengpanit Kwanjai Chotipanang Maynart Sukharomana |
| author_facet | Sirin Nuntasri Sirirat Charuvanij Kraisoon Lomjansook Puthita Saengpanit Kwanjai Chotipanang Maynart Sukharomana |
| author_sort | Sirin Nuntasri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome are recognized risk factors for premature atherosclerosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome, and to explore the relationships between lipid profiles, anthropometry, and disease status in cSLE. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at a university-based tertiary referral center from April 2023-March 2024. Patients aged 10–19 years with cSLE diagnosed before 18 years and at least 1 year follow-up were enrolled, excluding those with other autoimmune disorders, chronic kidney disease, infections, receiving lipid lowering drugs prior, and pregnancy. Demographic data, metabolic laboratory tests, disease status, dietary intake, anthropometry, and body composition via bioelectric impedance analysis were evaluated. The prevalence of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome were documented. Variables were compared between patients with and without dyslipidemia. Correlations between lipid profiles, metabolic laboratory variables, and SLE disease-related variables were explored. Results A total of 132 cSLE patients (94.7% female, mean age 11.6 ± 2.6 years) were included. Dyslipidemia was present in 48.5%, hypertriglyceridemia being the most common (28.8%); metabolic syndrome and hyperuricemia were present in 3.8% and 20.5%, respectively. Patients with dyslipidemia were significantly younger at cSLE diagnosis, had higher percentage of hypertension and active features of organ involvement, lower percentage of Lupus Low Disease Activity State, more use of mycophenolate mofetil and antihypertensive medications, higher uric acid level, higher waist circumference, body mass index, body mass index z-score, and fat mass (P < 0.05). Triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total cholesterol correlated positively with urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (r = 0.472, 0.469, and 0.591, respectively; P < 0.001) and negatively with serum albumin (r = -0.372, -0.506, and − 0.528, respectively; P < 0.001). Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol correlated positively with cumulative prednisolone equivalent dose (rho = 0.350 and rho = 0.351, respectively, P < 0.001). Conclusions Nearly half of cSLE patients had dyslipidemia, especially those with younger age at diagnosis, higher body mass index, proteinuria, and suboptimal-controlled disease. Metabolic syndrome and hyperuricemia were present. Lipid profile assessment in early adolescents is recommended to identify metabolic comorbidities in cSLE. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fd61401f2a6746198d3735ea66d18d91 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1476-511X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| series | Lipids in Health and Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-fd61401f2a6746198d3735ea66d18d912025-02-02T12:40:39ZengBMCLipids in Health and Disease1476-511X2024-12-0123111210.1186/s12944-024-02395-4Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: is it time to screen?Sirin Nuntasri0Sirirat Charuvanij1Kraisoon Lomjansook2Puthita Saengpanit3Kwanjai Chotipanang4Maynart Sukharomana5Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityDivision of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityDivision of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityDivision of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityAbstract Background Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome are recognized risk factors for premature atherosclerosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome, and to explore the relationships between lipid profiles, anthropometry, and disease status in cSLE. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at a university-based tertiary referral center from April 2023-March 2024. Patients aged 10–19 years with cSLE diagnosed before 18 years and at least 1 year follow-up were enrolled, excluding those with other autoimmune disorders, chronic kidney disease, infections, receiving lipid lowering drugs prior, and pregnancy. Demographic data, metabolic laboratory tests, disease status, dietary intake, anthropometry, and body composition via bioelectric impedance analysis were evaluated. The prevalence of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome were documented. Variables were compared between patients with and without dyslipidemia. Correlations between lipid profiles, metabolic laboratory variables, and SLE disease-related variables were explored. Results A total of 132 cSLE patients (94.7% female, mean age 11.6 ± 2.6 years) were included. Dyslipidemia was present in 48.5%, hypertriglyceridemia being the most common (28.8%); metabolic syndrome and hyperuricemia were present in 3.8% and 20.5%, respectively. Patients with dyslipidemia were significantly younger at cSLE diagnosis, had higher percentage of hypertension and active features of organ involvement, lower percentage of Lupus Low Disease Activity State, more use of mycophenolate mofetil and antihypertensive medications, higher uric acid level, higher waist circumference, body mass index, body mass index z-score, and fat mass (P < 0.05). Triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total cholesterol correlated positively with urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (r = 0.472, 0.469, and 0.591, respectively; P < 0.001) and negatively with serum albumin (r = -0.372, -0.506, and − 0.528, respectively; P < 0.001). Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol correlated positively with cumulative prednisolone equivalent dose (rho = 0.350 and rho = 0.351, respectively, P < 0.001). Conclusions Nearly half of cSLE patients had dyslipidemia, especially those with younger age at diagnosis, higher body mass index, proteinuria, and suboptimal-controlled disease. Metabolic syndrome and hyperuricemia were present. Lipid profile assessment in early adolescents is recommended to identify metabolic comorbidities in cSLE.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-024-02395-4Systemic lupus erythematosusDyslipidemiaHyperuricemiaMetabolic syndromeChildAdolescent |
| spellingShingle | Sirin Nuntasri Sirirat Charuvanij Kraisoon Lomjansook Puthita Saengpanit Kwanjai Chotipanang Maynart Sukharomana Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: is it time to screen? Lipids in Health and Disease Systemic lupus erythematosus Dyslipidemia Hyperuricemia Metabolic syndrome Child Adolescent |
| title | Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: is it time to screen? |
| title_full | Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: is it time to screen? |
| title_fullStr | Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: is it time to screen? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: is it time to screen? |
| title_short | Dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: is it time to screen? |
| title_sort | dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in childhood onset systemic lupus erythematosus is it time to screen |
| topic | Systemic lupus erythematosus Dyslipidemia Hyperuricemia Metabolic syndrome Child Adolescent |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-024-02395-4 |
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