Effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitriding
Cathodic cage plasma nitriding (CCPN) is a proficient and cost-effective technique for surface modification of metallic samples that has been in use for the last two decades. The effectiveness of CCPN depends upon different controlled parameters. The main objective of the current study was to invest...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AIP Publishing LLC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | AIP Advances |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0251582 |
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| author | Muhammad Bilal Khalid Syed Salman Hussain Ameeq Farooq Muhammad Shafiq Yasin Khan Muhammad Shoaib |
| author_facet | Muhammad Bilal Khalid Syed Salman Hussain Ameeq Farooq Muhammad Shafiq Yasin Khan Muhammad Shoaib |
| author_sort | Muhammad Bilal Khalid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cathodic cage plasma nitriding (CCPN) is a proficient and cost-effective technique for surface modification of metallic samples that has been in use for the last two decades. The effectiveness of CCPN depends upon different controlled parameters. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of temperature on CCPN performance. Copper (Cu) samples were nitrided at various temperatures (100–400 °C) for a fixed time of 4 h. The treated samples were investigated using a micro-hardness tester, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, ball-on-disc wear tester, and potentiodynamic polarization. An improvement in hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance has been reported with an increase in temperature. The treated samples possessed aluminum nitride (AlN), copper(I) nitride (Cu3N), copper(I) azide (CuN3), copper(II) azide (CuN6), and AlCu4 phases with intensity increasing with temperature. The current study clarified the reactivity of the CCPN system on treated samples in a broad manner. Untreated samples have shown abrasive wear at low temperatures, whereas adhesive wear is the predominant mechanism at high temperatures. At high temperatures, a low friction coefficient has been achieved due to smoother surfaces. Nitrided samples have shown an overall increased corrosion resistance with an increase in temperature. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fd1e88e6724340a99501adfa4ecd7835 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2158-3226 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | AIP Publishing LLC |
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| series | AIP Advances |
| spelling | doaj-art-fd1e88e6724340a99501adfa4ecd78352025-02-03T16:40:42ZengAIP Publishing LLCAIP Advances2158-32262025-01-01151015227015227-910.1063/5.0251582Effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitridingMuhammad Bilal Khalid0Syed Salman Hussain1Ameeq Farooq2Muhammad Shafiq3Yasin Khan4Muhammad Shoaib5Department of Physics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Physics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, PakistanCorrosion Control Research Cell, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, CEET, University of the Punjab, 54590 Lahore, PakistanDepartment of Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, PakistanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCenter for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaCathodic cage plasma nitriding (CCPN) is a proficient and cost-effective technique for surface modification of metallic samples that has been in use for the last two decades. The effectiveness of CCPN depends upon different controlled parameters. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of temperature on CCPN performance. Copper (Cu) samples were nitrided at various temperatures (100–400 °C) for a fixed time of 4 h. The treated samples were investigated using a micro-hardness tester, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, ball-on-disc wear tester, and potentiodynamic polarization. An improvement in hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance has been reported with an increase in temperature. The treated samples possessed aluminum nitride (AlN), copper(I) nitride (Cu3N), copper(I) azide (CuN3), copper(II) azide (CuN6), and AlCu4 phases with intensity increasing with temperature. The current study clarified the reactivity of the CCPN system on treated samples in a broad manner. Untreated samples have shown abrasive wear at low temperatures, whereas adhesive wear is the predominant mechanism at high temperatures. At high temperatures, a low friction coefficient has been achieved due to smoother surfaces. Nitrided samples have shown an overall increased corrosion resistance with an increase in temperature.http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0251582 |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Bilal Khalid Syed Salman Hussain Ameeq Farooq Muhammad Shafiq Yasin Khan Muhammad Shoaib Effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitriding AIP Advances |
| title | Effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitriding |
| title_full | Effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitriding |
| title_fullStr | Effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitriding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitriding |
| title_short | Effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitriding |
| title_sort | effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitriding |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0251582 |
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