Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2)
Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) was originally discovered as an antimicrobial peptide that plays a vital role in the host innate immune system of various vertebrates. Recent research discovered LEAP-2 as an endogenous antagonist and inverse agonist of the GHSR1a receptor. By acting...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Yitong Li Ying Liu Meng Gou |
| author_facet | Yitong Li Ying Liu Meng Gou |
| author_sort | Yitong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) was originally discovered as an antimicrobial peptide that plays a vital role in the host innate immune system of various vertebrates. Recent research discovered LEAP-2 as an endogenous antagonist and inverse agonist of the GHSR1a receptor. By acting as a competitive antagonist to ghrelin, LEAP-2 influences energy balance and metabolic processes via the ghrelin–GHSR1a signaling pathway. LEAP-2 alone or the LEAP-2/ghrelin molar ratio showed potential as therapeutic targets for obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders. This review explores the recent advances of LEAP-2 in immune modulation and energy regulation, highlighting its potential in treating the above diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fbc8e302c566483a9575fdacfc3b8315 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-fbc8e302c566483a9575fdacfc3b83152025-01-24T13:44:00ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-01-0130242910.3390/molecules30020429Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2)Yitong Li0Ying Liu1Meng Gou2College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, ChinaHaixia Institute of Science and Technology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350007, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, ChinaLiver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) was originally discovered as an antimicrobial peptide that plays a vital role in the host innate immune system of various vertebrates. Recent research discovered LEAP-2 as an endogenous antagonist and inverse agonist of the GHSR1a receptor. By acting as a competitive antagonist to ghrelin, LEAP-2 influences energy balance and metabolic processes via the ghrelin–GHSR1a signaling pathway. LEAP-2 alone or the LEAP-2/ghrelin molar ratio showed potential as therapeutic targets for obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders. This review explores the recent advances of LEAP-2 in immune modulation and energy regulation, highlighting its potential in treating the above diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/429LEAP-2antimicrobial activityGHSR1aghrelinmetabolic regulationclinical potential |
| spellingShingle | Yitong Li Ying Liu Meng Gou Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2) Molecules LEAP-2 antimicrobial activity GHSR1a ghrelin metabolic regulation clinical potential |
| title | Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2) |
| title_full | Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2) |
| title_fullStr | Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2) |
| title_short | Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2) |
| title_sort | peptide with dual roles in immune and metabolic regulation liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 leap 2 |
| topic | LEAP-2 antimicrobial activity GHSR1a ghrelin metabolic regulation clinical potential |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/429 |
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