A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo
Background and Objectives. Artemisinin is the popular antimalarial medication, but it has to be used in combination with other drugs as its monotherapy causes resistance. The effectiveness of eosin B, a laboratory stain, as a competent antimalarial agent was identified earlier. It was tested in comb...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3013701 |
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| author | Sedigheh Sadeghi Zarrintaj Valadkhani Alireza Sadeghi Tafreshi Mohammad Arjmand Hossein Nahravanian Farideh Vahabi Neda Soori Maryam Mohammadi Masoomeh Meigooni Zahra Zamani |
| author_facet | Sedigheh Sadeghi Zarrintaj Valadkhani Alireza Sadeghi Tafreshi Mohammad Arjmand Hossein Nahravanian Farideh Vahabi Neda Soori Maryam Mohammadi Masoomeh Meigooni Zahra Zamani |
| author_sort | Sedigheh Sadeghi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Objectives. Artemisinin is the popular antimalarial medication, but it has to be used in combination with other drugs as its monotherapy causes resistance. The effectiveness of eosin B, a laboratory stain, as a competent antimalarial agent was identified earlier. It was tested in combination with different antimalarial drugs such as artesunate (a derivative of artemisinin) or chloroquine or sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in vitro on Plasmodium falciparum and in vivo on Plasmodium berghei using Peter’s suppression test. Methods. Drug assessment was carried out singly or in combination on Plasmodium falciparum in vitro using the candle jar method at three inhibitory concentrations. Percent parasitemia of live cells was obtained by microscopic counting. Peter’s suppression test was carried out on mice infected with Plasmodium berghei after 3 administration of the drugs singly and in combination, and parasites were counted by microscopy for 10 days. Results. Synergy was exhibited by isobolograms of eosin B combined with artesunate and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine with more than 10 fold reduction of all drugs in vitro. A good combination index was obtained with artesunate at 50% inibitory concentration with 3.4 nM eosin B and 1.7 nM artesunate in contrast to 124 nM eosin B and 7.6 nM artesunate singly. In vivo studies also showed a considerable lowering of the effective dose of eosin B 30 mg/kg: artesunate 3 mg/kg with 200 mg/kg eosin B and 60 mg/kg artesunate separately. Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine seemed to have the greatest synergistic effect with a combination index of 0.007, but this could be due to it consisting of a combination of three drugs. Eosin B’s combination index with chloroquine was fair, and in vivo tests too did not show as much competence as the other two drugs. Conclusion and Interpretation. It can be concluded that eosin B can be used in combination with antimalarial drugs with favorable results. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fb488116e39e4e058e4ec7f2ab295514 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-9686 1687-9694 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-fb488116e39e4e058e4ec7f2ab2955142025-02-03T05:44:13ZengWileyJournal of Tropical Medicine1687-96861687-96942020-01-01202010.1155/2020/30137013013701A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In VivoSedigheh Sadeghi0Zarrintaj Valadkhani1Alireza Sadeghi Tafreshi2Mohammad Arjmand3Hossein Nahravanian4Farideh Vahabi5Neda Soori6Maryam Mohammadi7Masoomeh Meigooni8Zahra Zamani9Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1439933831, IranDepartment of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1439933831, IranDepartment of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1439933831, IranDepartment of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1439933831, IranDepartment of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1439933831, IranDepartment of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1439933831, IranDepartment of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1439933831, IranDepartment of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1439933831, IranDepartment of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4515613191, IranDepartment of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1439933831, IranBackground and Objectives. Artemisinin is the popular antimalarial medication, but it has to be used in combination with other drugs as its monotherapy causes resistance. The effectiveness of eosin B, a laboratory stain, as a competent antimalarial agent was identified earlier. It was tested in combination with different antimalarial drugs such as artesunate (a derivative of artemisinin) or chloroquine or sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in vitro on Plasmodium falciparum and in vivo on Plasmodium berghei using Peter’s suppression test. Methods. Drug assessment was carried out singly or in combination on Plasmodium falciparum in vitro using the candle jar method at three inhibitory concentrations. Percent parasitemia of live cells was obtained by microscopic counting. Peter’s suppression test was carried out on mice infected with Plasmodium berghei after 3 administration of the drugs singly and in combination, and parasites were counted by microscopy for 10 days. Results. Synergy was exhibited by isobolograms of eosin B combined with artesunate and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine with more than 10 fold reduction of all drugs in vitro. A good combination index was obtained with artesunate at 50% inibitory concentration with 3.4 nM eosin B and 1.7 nM artesunate in contrast to 124 nM eosin B and 7.6 nM artesunate singly. In vivo studies also showed a considerable lowering of the effective dose of eosin B 30 mg/kg: artesunate 3 mg/kg with 200 mg/kg eosin B and 60 mg/kg artesunate separately. Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine seemed to have the greatest synergistic effect with a combination index of 0.007, but this could be due to it consisting of a combination of three drugs. Eosin B’s combination index with chloroquine was fair, and in vivo tests too did not show as much competence as the other two drugs. Conclusion and Interpretation. It can be concluded that eosin B can be used in combination with antimalarial drugs with favorable results.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3013701 |
| spellingShingle | Sedigheh Sadeghi Zarrintaj Valadkhani Alireza Sadeghi Tafreshi Mohammad Arjmand Hossein Nahravanian Farideh Vahabi Neda Soori Maryam Mohammadi Masoomeh Meigooni Zahra Zamani A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| title | A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo |
| title_full | A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo |
| title_fullStr | A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo |
| title_short | A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo |
| title_sort | study of synergy of combination of eosin b with chloroquine artemisinin and sulphadoxine pyrimethamine on plasmodium falciparum in vitro and plasmodium berghei in vivo |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3013701 |
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