Ribosome and transcript copy numbers, polysome occupancy and enzyme dynamics in Arabidopsis

Abstract Plants are exposed to continual changes in the environment. The daily alternation between light and darkness results in massive recurring changes in the carbon budget, and leads to widespread changes in transcript levels. These diurnal changes are superimposed on slower changes in the envir...

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Main Authors: Maria Piques, Waltraud X Schulze, Melanie Höhne, Björn Usadel, Yves Gibon, Johann Rohwer, Mark Stitt
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Nature 2009-10-01
Series:Molecular Systems Biology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2009.68
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author Maria Piques
Waltraud X Schulze
Melanie Höhne
Björn Usadel
Yves Gibon
Johann Rohwer
Mark Stitt
author_facet Maria Piques
Waltraud X Schulze
Melanie Höhne
Björn Usadel
Yves Gibon
Johann Rohwer
Mark Stitt
author_sort Maria Piques
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Plants are exposed to continual changes in the environment. The daily alternation between light and darkness results in massive recurring changes in the carbon budget, and leads to widespread changes in transcript levels. These diurnal changes are superimposed on slower changes in the environment. Quantitative molecular information about the numbers of ribosomes, of transcripts for 35 enzymes in central metabolism and their loading into polysomes is used to estimate translation rates in Arabidopsis rosettes, and explore the consequences for important sub‐processes in plant growth. Translation rates for individual enzyme are compared with their abundance in the rosette to predict which enzymes are subject to rapid turnover every day, and which are synthesized at rates that would allow only slow adjustments to sustained changes of the environment, or resemble those needed to support the observed rate of growth. Global translation rates are used to estimate the energy costs of protein synthesis and relate them to the plant carbon budget, in particular the rates of starch degradation and respiration at night.
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spelling doaj-art-fb30214892f94bd2be511ffbbbdbfa6f2025-08-24T11:59:03ZengSpringer NatureMolecular Systems Biology1744-42922009-10-015111710.1038/msb.2009.68Ribosome and transcript copy numbers, polysome occupancy and enzyme dynamics in ArabidopsisMaria Piques0Waltraud X Schulze1Melanie Höhne2Björn Usadel3Yves Gibon4Johann Rohwer5Mark Stitt6Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1Abstract Plants are exposed to continual changes in the environment. The daily alternation between light and darkness results in massive recurring changes in the carbon budget, and leads to widespread changes in transcript levels. These diurnal changes are superimposed on slower changes in the environment. Quantitative molecular information about the numbers of ribosomes, of transcripts for 35 enzymes in central metabolism and their loading into polysomes is used to estimate translation rates in Arabidopsis rosettes, and explore the consequences for important sub‐processes in plant growth. Translation rates for individual enzyme are compared with their abundance in the rosette to predict which enzymes are subject to rapid turnover every day, and which are synthesized at rates that would allow only slow adjustments to sustained changes of the environment, or resemble those needed to support the observed rate of growth. Global translation rates are used to estimate the energy costs of protein synthesis and relate them to the plant carbon budget, in particular the rates of starch degradation and respiration at night.https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2009.68Arabidopsispolysomesquantitative RT–PCRribosometranslation
spellingShingle Maria Piques
Waltraud X Schulze
Melanie Höhne
Björn Usadel
Yves Gibon
Johann Rohwer
Mark Stitt
Ribosome and transcript copy numbers, polysome occupancy and enzyme dynamics in Arabidopsis
Molecular Systems Biology
Arabidopsis
polysomes
quantitative RT–PCR
ribosome
translation
title Ribosome and transcript copy numbers, polysome occupancy and enzyme dynamics in Arabidopsis
title_full Ribosome and transcript copy numbers, polysome occupancy and enzyme dynamics in Arabidopsis
title_fullStr Ribosome and transcript copy numbers, polysome occupancy and enzyme dynamics in Arabidopsis
title_full_unstemmed Ribosome and transcript copy numbers, polysome occupancy and enzyme dynamics in Arabidopsis
title_short Ribosome and transcript copy numbers, polysome occupancy and enzyme dynamics in Arabidopsis
title_sort ribosome and transcript copy numbers polysome occupancy and enzyme dynamics in arabidopsis
topic Arabidopsis
polysomes
quantitative RT–PCR
ribosome
translation
url https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2009.68
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AT yvesgibon ribosomeandtranscriptcopynumberspolysomeoccupancyandenzymedynamicsinarabidopsis
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