Phytochemical Profile Screening and Selected Bioactivity of <i>Myrtus communis</i> Berries Extracts Obtained from Ultrasound-Assisted and Supercritical Fluid Extraction
This research paper investigates the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, antidiabetic potential, and antibacterial activity of <i>Myrtus communis</i> berries. Two extraction methods were employed to obtain the extracts: solid–liquid ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and super...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Separations |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/12/1/8 |
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| Summary: | This research paper investigates the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, antidiabetic potential, and antibacterial activity of <i>Myrtus communis</i> berries. Two extraction methods were employed to obtain the extracts: solid–liquid ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The extracts were characterized using spectrophotometric methods and Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). The UAE extract exhibited higher total flavonoid and anthocyanin content, while the SFE extract prevailed in total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in the DPPH radical screening assay. RP-HPLC characterization identified and quantified several polyphenolic compounds. In the UAE extract, epigallocatechin was found in a concentration of 2656.24 ± 28.15 µg/g dry weight (DW). In the SFE extract, cafestol was the identified compound with the highest content at a level of 29.65 ± 0.03 µg/g DW. Both extracts contained several anthocyanin compounds, including cyanidin 3-<i>O</i>-glucoside chloride, cyanidin-3-<i>O</i>-rutinoside chloride, malvidin-3-<i>O</i>-glucoside chloride, pelargonidin 3-<i>O</i>-glucoside chloride, peonidin 3-<i>O</i>-glucoside chloride, and peonidin-3-<i>O</i>-rutinoside chloride. The antidiabetic potential was evaluated <i>in vitro</i> by measuring the inhibition of <i>α</i>-amylase from porcine pancreas (type I-A). The results highlighted the ability of myrtle berry extracts to inhibit <i>α</i>-amylase enzymatic activity, suggesting its potential as an alternative for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia. The UAE extract showed the lowest IC50 value among the two extracts, with an average of 8.37 ± 0.52 µg/mL DW. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was assessed <i>in vitro</i> against <i>Bacillus</i> spp., <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> using the disk diffusion method. Both myrtle berry extracts exhibited similar antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains. The results support further investigation of myrtle berries extracts as a potential ingredient in functional food formulation, particularly due to its antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties. |
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| ISSN: | 2297-8739 |