Warming enhances the effects of nitrogen addition on fungal but not on bacterial diversity in an alpine meadow

Warming and nitrogen (N) deposition significantly affect soil microbial community characteristics. However, the responses of bacterial and fungal diversity to warming and N deposition, as well as the dominant influencing factors, remain unclear, especially in N-limited and low-temperature ecosystems...

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Main Authors: Ling Han, Hasbagan Ganjurjav, Guozheng Hu, Jianshuang Wu, Xuexia Wang, Yulong Yan, Yilun Hu, Guoxu Ji, Luobu Danjiu, Qingzhu Gao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Basic and Applied Ecology
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1439179125000210
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author Ling Han
Hasbagan Ganjurjav
Guozheng Hu
Jianshuang Wu
Xuexia Wang
Yulong Yan
Yilun Hu
Guoxu Ji
Luobu Danjiu
Qingzhu Gao
author_facet Ling Han
Hasbagan Ganjurjav
Guozheng Hu
Jianshuang Wu
Xuexia Wang
Yulong Yan
Yilun Hu
Guoxu Ji
Luobu Danjiu
Qingzhu Gao
author_sort Ling Han
collection DOAJ
description Warming and nitrogen (N) deposition significantly affect soil microbial community characteristics. However, the responses of bacterial and fungal diversity to warming and N deposition, as well as the dominant influencing factors, remain unclear, especially in N-limited and low-temperature ecosystems. We employed a field-controlled experimental design with warming (W, using open-top chambers at +2 °C), N addition (N, 40 kg N ha−1 yr−1 NH4NO3), and their interaction (NW) to simulate their effects on soil microbial community composition and diversity, as well as plant community characteristics. Our results showed a significant decrease in bacterial richness (Chao1) under warming. N addition had a positive effect on bacterial richness (Chao1) but a negative effect on fungal diversity (Shannon and Chao1), which led to a considerable shift in bacterial community composition. Conversely, N addition combined with warming significantly increased fungal diversity but decreased bacterial diversity compared with N addition alone. Bacterial diversity was positively influenced by soil moisture but negatively affected by soil temperature and forb dominance. Fungal diversity was negatively influenced by soil NH4+-N content and belowground biomass. Additionally, our results showed a synergistic effect on fungi owing to changes in plant community composition, while an antagonistic effect on bacterial diversity was observed owing to reduced water and nutrient availability under warming plus N addition. Our findings underscore the importance of considering plant productivity and diversity when examining microbial diversity responses to warming and N addition in alpine meadows.
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spelling doaj-art-fa9ff2e103444475b1643bc0d6fa4e2a2025-08-20T03:03:24ZengElsevierBasic and Applied Ecology1439-17912025-05-018411012010.1016/j.baae.2025.02.007Warming enhances the effects of nitrogen addition on fungal but not on bacterial diversity in an alpine meadowLing Han0Hasbagan Ganjurjav1Guozheng Hu2Jianshuang Wu3Xuexia Wang4Yulong Yan5Yilun Hu6Guoxu Ji7Luobu Danjiu8Qingzhu Gao9School of Art and Design, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, ChinaInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Nagqu, 852003, ChinaInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Nagqu, 852003, ChinaInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, ChinaBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100089, ChinaChina New Era Group Corporation, Beijing, 100034, ChinaInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, ChinaInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, ChinaNagqu Grassland Station, Tibet Autonomous Region, Nagqu, 852003, ChinaInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Nagqu, 852003, China; Corresponding author at: Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.Warming and nitrogen (N) deposition significantly affect soil microbial community characteristics. However, the responses of bacterial and fungal diversity to warming and N deposition, as well as the dominant influencing factors, remain unclear, especially in N-limited and low-temperature ecosystems. We employed a field-controlled experimental design with warming (W, using open-top chambers at +2 °C), N addition (N, 40 kg N ha−1 yr−1 NH4NO3), and their interaction (NW) to simulate their effects on soil microbial community composition and diversity, as well as plant community characteristics. Our results showed a significant decrease in bacterial richness (Chao1) under warming. N addition had a positive effect on bacterial richness (Chao1) but a negative effect on fungal diversity (Shannon and Chao1), which led to a considerable shift in bacterial community composition. Conversely, N addition combined with warming significantly increased fungal diversity but decreased bacterial diversity compared with N addition alone. Bacterial diversity was positively influenced by soil moisture but negatively affected by soil temperature and forb dominance. Fungal diversity was negatively influenced by soil NH4+-N content and belowground biomass. Additionally, our results showed a synergistic effect on fungi owing to changes in plant community composition, while an antagonistic effect on bacterial diversity was observed owing to reduced water and nutrient availability under warming plus N addition. Our findings underscore the importance of considering plant productivity and diversity when examining microbial diversity responses to warming and N addition in alpine meadows.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1439179125000210Alpine meadowNitrogen depositionWarmingMicrobial diversityPlant community composition
spellingShingle Ling Han
Hasbagan Ganjurjav
Guozheng Hu
Jianshuang Wu
Xuexia Wang
Yulong Yan
Yilun Hu
Guoxu Ji
Luobu Danjiu
Qingzhu Gao
Warming enhances the effects of nitrogen addition on fungal but not on bacterial diversity in an alpine meadow
Basic and Applied Ecology
Alpine meadow
Nitrogen deposition
Warming
Microbial diversity
Plant community composition
title Warming enhances the effects of nitrogen addition on fungal but not on bacterial diversity in an alpine meadow
title_full Warming enhances the effects of nitrogen addition on fungal but not on bacterial diversity in an alpine meadow
title_fullStr Warming enhances the effects of nitrogen addition on fungal but not on bacterial diversity in an alpine meadow
title_full_unstemmed Warming enhances the effects of nitrogen addition on fungal but not on bacterial diversity in an alpine meadow
title_short Warming enhances the effects of nitrogen addition on fungal but not on bacterial diversity in an alpine meadow
title_sort warming enhances the effects of nitrogen addition on fungal but not on bacterial diversity in an alpine meadow
topic Alpine meadow
Nitrogen deposition
Warming
Microbial diversity
Plant community composition
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1439179125000210
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