Assessment of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Reactions in Patients with Systemic Conditions: An In Vitro Cellular Analysis

Background: Peri-implant soft tissue health is crucial for the long-term success of dental implants. Patients with systemic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, are at higher risk for peri-implant complications. This study aimed to assess the cellular responses of peri-...

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Main Authors: Monica Jaideep Mahajani, Aleena Paulson, Ripal Parikh, Pradnya Wagh, Rashmi Laddha, Minerva Singh, Miral Mehta
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1865_24
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author Monica Jaideep Mahajani
Aleena Paulson
Ripal Parikh
Pradnya Wagh
Rashmi Laddha
Minerva Singh
Miral Mehta
author_facet Monica Jaideep Mahajani
Aleena Paulson
Ripal Parikh
Pradnya Wagh
Rashmi Laddha
Minerva Singh
Miral Mehta
author_sort Monica Jaideep Mahajani
collection DOAJ
description Background: Peri-implant soft tissue health is crucial for the long-term success of dental implants. Patients with systemic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, are at higher risk for peri-implant complications. This study aimed to assess the cellular responses of peri-implant soft tissues in vitro, simulating conditions influenced by systemic diseases, to better understand the potential impact of these conditions on implant success. Materials and Methods: An in vitro study was conducted using human gingival fibroblasts exposed to simulated inflammatory conditions representative of diabetes (high glucose environment) and cardiovascular diseases (increased proinflammatory cytokines). Titanium discs with treated surfaces were used to mimic implant surfaces. Cellular proliferation, adhesion, and cytokine expression were evaluated using MTT assay, fluorescence microscopy, and ELISA, respectively. Experimental groups included Group 1: Healthy control, Group 2: High-glucose condition, Group 3: Proinflammatory cytokine condition, and Group 4: Combined high-glucose and proinflammatory cytokine condition. Results: Fibroblast proliferation rates were significantly reduced in Groups 2 (50%) and 3 (55%) compared to Group 1 (85%). Adhesion strength was also compromised in Groups 2 (60%) and 3 (65%), with the lowest observed in Group 4 (40%). Cytokine analysis revealed elevated levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in Groups 3 (IL-6: 150 pg/mL, TNF-α: 200 pg/mL) and 4 (IL-6: 180 pg/mL, TNF-a: 250 pg/mL) compared to the control (IL-6: 50 pg/mL, TNF-α: 60 pg/mL). Conclusion: Systemic conditions significantly impair peri-implant soft tissue cellular responses, including proliferation, adhesion, and inflammation regulation. These findings underscore the importance of tailored peri-implant management strategies for patients with systemic diseases to ensure implant longevity.
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spelling doaj-art-fa41b8d98b894d7ea5a3ecb58c8f08e82025-08-20T02:34:43ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences0976-48790975-74062025-05-0117Suppl 1S586S58810.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1865_24Assessment of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Reactions in Patients with Systemic Conditions: An In Vitro Cellular AnalysisMonica Jaideep MahajaniAleena PaulsonRipal ParikhPradnya WaghRashmi LaddhaMinerva SinghMiral MehtaBackground: Peri-implant soft tissue health is crucial for the long-term success of dental implants. Patients with systemic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, are at higher risk for peri-implant complications. This study aimed to assess the cellular responses of peri-implant soft tissues in vitro, simulating conditions influenced by systemic diseases, to better understand the potential impact of these conditions on implant success. Materials and Methods: An in vitro study was conducted using human gingival fibroblasts exposed to simulated inflammatory conditions representative of diabetes (high glucose environment) and cardiovascular diseases (increased proinflammatory cytokines). Titanium discs with treated surfaces were used to mimic implant surfaces. Cellular proliferation, adhesion, and cytokine expression were evaluated using MTT assay, fluorescence microscopy, and ELISA, respectively. Experimental groups included Group 1: Healthy control, Group 2: High-glucose condition, Group 3: Proinflammatory cytokine condition, and Group 4: Combined high-glucose and proinflammatory cytokine condition. Results: Fibroblast proliferation rates were significantly reduced in Groups 2 (50%) and 3 (55%) compared to Group 1 (85%). Adhesion strength was also compromised in Groups 2 (60%) and 3 (65%), with the lowest observed in Group 4 (40%). Cytokine analysis revealed elevated levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in Groups 3 (IL-6: 150 pg/mL, TNF-α: 200 pg/mL) and 4 (IL-6: 180 pg/mL, TNF-a: 250 pg/mL) compared to the control (IL-6: 50 pg/mL, TNF-α: 60 pg/mL). Conclusion: Systemic conditions significantly impair peri-implant soft tissue cellular responses, including proliferation, adhesion, and inflammation regulation. These findings underscore the importance of tailored peri-implant management strategies for patients with systemic diseases to ensure implant longevity.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1865_24cardiovascular diseasescellular responsesdental implantsdiabetes mellitusin vitro analysisperi-implant soft tissuesystemic conditions
spellingShingle Monica Jaideep Mahajani
Aleena Paulson
Ripal Parikh
Pradnya Wagh
Rashmi Laddha
Minerva Singh
Miral Mehta
Assessment of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Reactions in Patients with Systemic Conditions: An In Vitro Cellular Analysis
Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences
cardiovascular diseases
cellular responses
dental implants
diabetes mellitus
in vitro analysis
peri-implant soft tissue
systemic conditions
title Assessment of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Reactions in Patients with Systemic Conditions: An In Vitro Cellular Analysis
title_full Assessment of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Reactions in Patients with Systemic Conditions: An In Vitro Cellular Analysis
title_fullStr Assessment of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Reactions in Patients with Systemic Conditions: An In Vitro Cellular Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Reactions in Patients with Systemic Conditions: An In Vitro Cellular Analysis
title_short Assessment of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Reactions in Patients with Systemic Conditions: An In Vitro Cellular Analysis
title_sort assessment of peri implant soft tissue reactions in patients with systemic conditions an in vitro cellular analysis
topic cardiovascular diseases
cellular responses
dental implants
diabetes mellitus
in vitro analysis
peri-implant soft tissue
systemic conditions
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1865_24
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